ch 6 med terms def format

Question 1

lak or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat

Answer 1

anorexia

Question 2

inflammation of the appendix, usually due to obstruction or infection

Answer 2

appendicitis

Question 3

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

Answer 3

ascites

Question 4

rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine

Answer 4

borborygmus

Question 5

physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass; commonly associated with AIDS and cancer.

Answer 5

cachexia

Question 6

presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct

Answer 6

cholelithiasis

Question 7

scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease

Answer 7

cirrhosis

Question 8

spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ especially in the colon, accompanied by pain

Answer 8

colic

Question 9

chronic inflammation, usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract; also called regional enteritis

Answer 9

Crohn disease

Question 10

act of swallowing

Answer 10

deglutition

Question 11

inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon, that may be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, or parasites, which results in bloody diarrhea

Answer 11

dysentery

Question 12

epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion

Answer 12

dyspepsia

Question 13

inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphagia

Answer 13

dysphagia

Question 14

producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sound; also called belching

Answer 14

eructation

Question 15

fecal concretion

Answer 15

fecalith

Question 16

gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orifice, especially the anus

Answer 16

flatus

Question 17

backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus

Answer 17

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Question 18

offensive, or “bad”, breath

Answer 18

halitosis

Question 19

vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus

Answer 19

hematemesis

Question 20

symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon

Answer 20

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Question 21

symptom complex of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph

Answer 21

malabsorption syndrome

Question 22

passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices

Answer 22

melena

Question 23

excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body’s skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20 percent or more above ideal body weight

Answer 23

obesity

Question 24

body mass index (BMI) of 40 or greater, which is generally 100 or more pounds over ideal body weight

Answer 24

morbid obesity

Question 25

severe constipation; may be caused by an intestinal obstruction

Answer 25

obstipation

Question 26

formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irritation

Answer 26

oral leukoplakia

Question 27

progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially the GI tract

Answer 27

peristalsis

Question 28

stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small intestine

Answer 28

pyloric stenosis

Question 29

backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach

Answer 29

regurgitation

Question 30

passage of fat in large amounts in the feces due to failure to digest and absorb it

Answer 30

steatorrhea

Question 31

open sore

Answer 31

lesion

Question 32

percutaneous transhepatic radiographic examination of bile ducts

Answer 32

percutaneous transhepatic cholangeography (PTHC)

Question 33

breakdown product of hemoglobin, excreted from the body as bile

Answer 33

bilirubin

Question 34

agents that produce vomiting

Answer 34

emetics

Question 35

agents that alleviate muscle spasms

Answer 35

antispasmodics

Question 36

surgical reconstruction of a bile duct

Answer 36

choledochoplasty

Question 37

administration of barium enema while a series of radiographs are taken of the large intestine

Answer 37

lower GI series

Question 38

visual examination of the stomach

Answer 38

gastroscopy

Question 39

surgical reconstruction of the mouth

Answer 39

stomatoplasty

Question 40

insertion of a tube into any hollow organ

Answer 40

intubation

Question 41

surgical formation of a passage or opening between two hollow viscera or vessels

Answer 41

anastomosis

Question 42

detects presence of blood in the feces; also called hemoccult

Answer 42

stool guaiac

Question 43

visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument

Answer 43

endoscopy

Question 44

used to treat constipation

Answer 44

laxatives

Question 45

neutralize excess acid in the stomach and help to relieve gastritis and ulcer pain

Answer 45

antacids

Question 46

procedure in which higher-frequency sound waves produce images of internal body structures that are displayed on a monitor

Answer 46

ultrasonography

Question 47

measures the levels of certain enzymes, bilirubin, and various proteins

Answer 47

liver function tests

Question 48

surgery that treats morbid obesity

Answer 48

bariatric

Question 49

immediately

Answer 49

stat.

Question 50

endoscopic procedure for visualization of the rectosigmoid colon

Answer 50

proctosigmoidoscopy

Question 51

barium solution swallowed for radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

Answer 51

upper GI series