Ch. 6 Physical Principles Of Resp Care Flashcards
(32 cards)
What are the 4 physical principles on resp care
- State of Matter
- Changes in state
- Gas behavior
- Fluid dynamics
What are the 3 primary states of matter
Solids- fixed volume and shape. Strong mutual attractive forces between atoms. ( can’t compress)
Liquids- shape and flow. Exert buoyant force and pressure. ( can’t compress easily)
Gases- weak and move freely. Flow, exert pressure (can be compressed)
What is Charles law and its formula
Directly proportional relationship between temperature and volume. V1/T1=V2T2
All matter produces energy that is ____
Potential - makes up most of internal energy in solids and liquids
Or
Kinetic- makes up most of gases internal energy
What is the law of thermodynamics
Energy can be changed but not destroyed
Conduction is heat transfer via direct contact with ___
Solids
Convection is heat transfer via direct contact with ___
Liquids and gases
Radiation is heat transfer via _____ contact with all matter
Indirect
____ is a change of state from liquid to gas, and ____ is the opposite of this
Evaporation and condensation
Vaporization
Liquid to gas requiring heat energy
Temperature
Gas temp is directly proportional to its kinetic energy.
Molecule collide
With heat, increases kinetic energy (popcorn)
Temperature scales
C—>F: F=32+(C*1.8)
F—>C: C=(F-32)/1.8
What are the 6 properties of gas
- kinetic energy
- gas pressure
- density
- diffusion
- partial pressure
- Henry’s law ( gas dissolved in liquids)
What are the 8 properties in liquids
- pressure
- buoyancy
- viscosity
- cohesion & Adhesion
- surface tension
- capillary action
- flow & shape
What is viscosity
Force opposing a fluids flow (thickens blood)
What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion
Adhesion has a concave pattern. Forces are attractive between 2 different kinds of molecules. Ex water sticks to other substances
Cohesion has a convex pattern. Forces are attractive between 2 similar molecules.
Ex water stick to water
What is surface tension
A force that allows molecules to resist being pulled or broken away
Cohesive forces between liquid molecules are responsible for the phenomenon of ___
Surface tension
What force is responsible for the spherical shape of liquid droplets and their ability to keep this shape
Surface tension
Why is the law of LaPlace and surface tension so important to respiratory care?
Diseases may collapse the alveoli( lead to atelectasis) because of high surface tension
What is capillary action
A phenomenon in which a liquid in a small tube moves upward against gravity. It has both adhesive and surface tension
What is gay lussacs law and its formula
Directly proportional relationship between pressure and temperature
P1/T1=P2/T2
Absolute humidity
Aka water vapor content, is the actual mass or content of water in a measured volume of air
Water vapor content of 43.8 mg/L*
Water vapor pressure of 47 mmHg*
Relative humidity
Ratio of actual water vapor present in gas compared with capacity of gas that holds vapor at given temp
