Ch. 6 test prep Flashcards
(115 cards)
1
Q
What is the primary organ of the skeletal system
A
Bones
2
Q
How do we classify bones
A
Shape
3
Q
What’s another name for joints
A
Articulation
4
Q
Name the functions of the skeletal system
A
Support, storage, movement, & protection
5
Q
What do bones protect
A
organs
6
Q
How do muscles move bone
A
Pull
7
Q
What do bones store
A
Calcium
8
Q
Hemo
A
blood
9
Q
Blood cell formation
A
Hemopoiesis
10
Q
myo
A
muscle
11
Q
Where does blood cell formation take place
A
Myeloid tissue
12
Q
What is the soft connective tissue inside the hard walls of some bones
A
Myeloid tissue
13
Q
What are the 5 types of bones
A
Sesamoid, flat, long, short, & irregular
14
Q
Name 2 long bones
A
femur & tibia
15
Q
Name 2 short bones
A
carpal & tarpal
16
Q
Name 2 flat bones
A
Sternum & skull
17
Q
Name 2 irregular bones
A
vertebrae & sesamoid
18
Q
Example of a sesamoid
A
Patella or knee cap
19
Q
What bone is encapsulated within a tendon
A
Sesamoid or Patella or knee cap
20
Q
Name the shaft of the long bone
A
Diaphysis
21
Q
Name the hollow area inside the shaft of a long bone
A
Medullary Cavity
22
Q
This area contains the soft yellow bone marrow
A
Medullary Cavity
23
Q
Name the ends of long bone
A
Epiphyses
24
Q
Red bone marrow is found in this part of the long bone
A
Epiphyses
25
Where is the spongy bone found
Epiphyses
26
Name the thin layer of cartilage that covers each epiphyses
Articular Cartilage
27
What is the purpose of Articular Cartilage
Shock absorber
28
Name the strong fibrous membrane covering long bones except at the joint surfaces
Periosteum
29
2 major types of connective tissue in the skeletal system
bone & cartilage
30
Names for the outer layer of hard bone
Periosteum or Compact bone
31
Name for the porous bone in the end of long bones
Spongy bone or cancellous bone
32
What is the needlelike threads of spongy bone that surrounds a network of spaces
Trabeculae
33
What is the intracellular substance of a tissue in bone it's calcified & in blood it's liquid
Calcium
34
Numerous structural units that are how the matrix of bone is organized
Osteon
35
Name the ring of calcified matrix surrounding the Haversian canal
Concentric lamella
36
Name the pathway in bone that contains a blood vessel
Central Canal
37
osteo
bone
38
cytes
cells
39
These are found between the hard layers of the lamellae
osteocytes
40
Name the spaces where osteocytes are found
lacunae
41
Nutrients pass from the blood vessel in the Haversian canal to the osteocytes through this
Canaliculi
42
Chondr
Cartilage
43
Chondrocytes
Cartilage cells
44
No blood vessels are found here
Cartilage
45
bone forming cells
osteoblasts
46
bone-resorbing cells
osteoclasts
47
Name the process of blood formation
ossification
48
The cartilage between the epiphyses & diaphysis that allows growth of the bone
Articulate
49
When there is no longer bone growth what remains where there was once cartilage
epiphyseal line
50
This bone pathology occurs most often in elderly white females
Osteoporosis
51
Name the division of the skeleton that includes the clavicles & scapula
Appendicular
52
Name the division of the skeleton that includes the head & trunk
Axial
53
The only joint in the upper skeleton where the axial & appendicular skeletons articulate
Sternoclavicular
54
How many cranial bones
8
55
How many facial bones
14
56
How many bones in the middle ear
3 per ear
57
What are the spaces or cavities inside some of the cranial bones
sinuses
58
4 pairs of these are found in the frontal, maxillary, sphenoid, & ethmoid bones
paranasal sinuses
59
Name the type of cartilage that covers joint surfaces
hyaline
60
Name the fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity
Endosteum
61
itis
inflammation of
62
Inflammation of the frontal sinus due to its mucous membrane becoming inflamed & swollen
frontal sinusitis
63
Name an immovable joint
Suture
64
Name the immovable joint between the parietal & occipital bones
lambobidal suture
65
Name the immovable joint between the parietal & temporal & part of the sphenoid bones
Squamous suture
66
Name the immovable joint between the parietal & frontal bones
Coronal surture
67
Name the 6 soft spots on the baby's skull where ossification is incomplete
fontanels
68
When is the ossification of the bones of the skull is complete
2 years old
69
Name the whole in the center of a vertebrae
Vertebral foramen
70
How many curves in your spine
4
71
Name the types of curves in your spine except in a newborn
Convex curves
72
What are the cervical & lumbar curves called
Concave curves
73
What are the thoracic & sacral curves called
Convex curves
74
What type of rib attaches directly to the sternum via costal cartilage
true ribs
75
Which pair of ribs attach to the last true rib
false ribs
76
What do we call the 2 pair of ribs that don't have cartilage
floating ribs
77
Name the 2nd longest bone in the body
tibia
78
What is the large bony process of the ulna
olecrarion
79
Name the endangerment site on the sternum
sternoclavicular
80
How many carpals are in the body
8
81
How many metacarpals in the body
5
82
How many bones that make the phalanges of both hands
14
83
Whats the total number of bones in both hands
27
84
Another name for pelvic bone
pelvic girdle
85
What's the longest bone of the body
femur
86
Name the hip socket made up of the ilium, ischium & pubis
coxal bone
87
Name the shinbone
tibia
88
Name the knee cap
patella
89
Name the heel bone & largest of the tarsals
calcaneus
90
Which gender had less than a 90 degree angle in the pelvic girdle
Male
91
Name the only bone in the body that doesn't connect to another bone
hyoid
92
Name 3 types of joints
Synarthroses = suture= skull immovable
Amphiarthroses little movement
Diarthroses lots of movement
93
Name the type of joint in which fibrous connective tissue grows between the articulating bones (joining) holding them close together
Synarthroses
94
Give examples of least movable joints
lambobidal, squamous, & coronal suture
95
Name the joint in which cartilage connects articulating bones
Amphiarthroses
96
Name the most movable joints
Diarthroses
97
What do diarthrotic joints have in common
movable
98
What is the strongest & toughest material of the body that makes the joint capsule of diarthrotick joints
fibrous connective tissue
99
What grows out of the periosteum & last 2 bones toether
ligaments
100
What lays over the joint ends of bones & absorbs jolts
articular cartilage
101
What secretes a lubricating fluid (synovial fluid) that allows easier movent with less friction at a joint
synovial membrane
102
List the types of diarthrotic joints
hinge, pivot, saddle, condyloid, gliding, and ball & socket joints
103
Name the type of diarthrotic joint that allows for the widest range of movement
ball & socket joint
104
Name the type of diarthrotic joint that allows for movements in only 2 directions (flexion & extension)
hinge joint
105
Name the type of diarthrotic joint found between C1 & C2 (atlas & axis) that allows the head to rotate
pivot joint
106
Name the type of diarthrotic joint that allows for great mobility (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, & opposition)
saddle joint
107
Name the type of diarthrotic joint that allows for the least movement
gliding joint
108
Name the type of diarthrotic joint that involves a condyle (oval projection) to fit an elliptical socket
Condyloid joint
109
Give examples of a ball & socket joint
shoulder & hip joint
110
Give examples of a hinge joint
elbow & knee joints
111
Give an example of pivot joint
axis rotating against the atlas
112
Give an example of saddle joint
thumb
113
Give an example of a gliding joint
articular processes between the vertebrae
114
Give an example of a condyloid joint
atlantoocciputal
115
What is the longest bone in the body
femur
