Ch 7

Question 1

An interpretation of utilitarianism which asks whether in the way particular situation if a given course of action will produce the greatest good for the greatest number

Answer 1

Act utilitarianism

Question 2

The thesis that one ought to act for the sake of the interests of others

Answer 2

Altruism

Question 3

Intellectual independence and freedom from authority. Moral ///// is the ability of every rational person to reach his or her own moral conclusion about what is right and wrong (this does not mean that they will therefore come to different conclusions)

Answer 3

Autonomy

Question 4

In Jane’s philosophy, a moral law, a command that is u qualified and not dependent on any conditions or qualifications. In particular that rule that tells us to act in such a way that we would want everyone else to act

Answer 4

Categorical imperative

Question 5

To form a binding obligation voluntarily

Answer 5

Comittiment

Question 6

A sense of feeling about what is right and wrong usually without argument

Answer 6

Conscience

Question 7

An ethical theory that the morality of an action depends on its consequences

Answer 7

Consequentialism

Question 8

According to Aristotle the happiest life the life of thought and philosophy

Answer 8

Contemplation

Question 9

The descriptive anthropological thesis that different socitites have different moralities. It is important to stress that these moralities must be fundamentally different not only different in details

Answer 9

Cultural relativism

Question 10

Ethics based on duty (Greek dein) Kent’s ethic is \\ in that it stresses obedience to principle of ether than attention to consequences

Answer 10

Deontology

Question 11

What one is morally bound to do

Answer 11

Duty

Question 12

The thesis that people act for their own interests

Answer 12

Egoism

Question 13

The thesis that there is only and only one correct morality

Answer 13

Ethical absolutism

Question 14

The thesis that people ought to act in their own interests

Answer 14

Ethical egoism

Question 15

The thesis that different moralities should be considered equally correct even if they directly contradict each other

Answer 15

Ethical relativism

Question 16

A system of general moral principles and a conception of morality and its foundation or the study of moral principles

Answer 16

Ethics

Question 17

Aristotles word for happiness or more literally “living well”

Answer 17

Eudaimonia

Question 18

The modern movement in philosophy that puts great emphasis on individual choice and the voluntary acceptance of all values.

Answer 18

Existentialism

Question 19

Do unto others as you would have them do until you

Answer 19

Golden rule

Question 20

The achievement of the good life

Answer 20

Happiness

Question 21

Benthams technique for quantifying and adding up pleasures and pains as a way of deciding what to do

Answer 21

Happiness calculus or felicity caluclus

Question 22

The conception of the good life that takes pleasure to be the ultimate good

Answer 22

Hedonism

Question 23

In kant, a command that is conditional depending on particular aims or inclinations

Answer 23

Hypothetical imperative

Question 24

A person who rejects the ultimate claims of morality

Answer 24

Immoralists

Question 25

A command

Answer 25

Imperative

Question 26

Kanye term for all personal considerations: desires feelings emotions attitudes moods and so forth

Answer 26

Inclination

Question 27

An objective rule that is binding on individuals whether they personally accept it or not. Contrasted to maxim

Answer 27

Law

Question 28

In nietzsche a morality that takes personal self realization as primary so called because it was the morality of the masters in the slave states of the ancient world

Answer 28

Master morality

Question 29

I’m Kant a personal rule or intention contrasted to law

Answer 29

Maxim

Question 30

In Aristotle, the middle course, not too much, not too little.

Answer 30

Mean (between the extremes)

Question 31

In general the rules for right action and prohibition against wrong acts

Answer 31

Morality

Question 32

The view that morality inheres in nature

Answer 32

Natural law

Question 33

Bound by duty.

Answer 33

Obligation

Question 34

The term most often used to express moral duty or obligation

Answer 34

Ought

Question 35

In Bentham, the principle that one ought not bro what gives the greatest pleasure to the greatest number of people

Answer 35

Principle of utiklity

Question 36

The thesis that people always act in their own self interest even when it seems as if they are acting for others benefit

Answer 36

Psychological egoism

Question 37

Acting in the best possible way. According to reason

Answer 37

Rationality

Question 38

The thesis that there is no single correct view of reality. No single truth

Answer 38

Relativism

Question 39

A variation of utilitarianism of which contends that the principle of utility should be used as the basis for developing rules that when consistently followed will result in the greatest good for the greatest number

Answer 39

Rule utilitarianism

Question 40

Acting in one’s own interest to the exclusion of others interests

Answer 40

Selfishness

Question 41

Feeling emotion particularly feelings (as in Hume and Rousseau

Answer 41

Sentiment

Question 42

In nietchzes moral Philosophy morality that ties duties and obligations as primary, so called because it was the morality of the \\\\ who were not allowed to aspire any higher than mere efficiencies and personal comforts

Answer 42

Slave morality

Question 43

Fellow feeling; felt concern for other people’s welfare

Answer 43

Sympathy

Question 44

The moral philosophy that says that we should act in such ways as to make the greatest number of people as happy as possible

Answer 44

Utilitarianism

Question 45

Moral excellence

Answer 45

Virtue

Question 46

The power of mind that allows us to choose our own actions or at least what we shall try to do

Answer 46

Will

Question 47

In nietzsches philosophy the thesis that every act is ultimately aimed at superiority, sometimes over other people

Answer 47

Will to power