Ch #7

Question 1

By the Mid-1850’s

Answer 1

Photography established to satisfy the demand for architectural wonders; Wet plate photography began to leave the studio and travel; amateur, official, and commercial

Question 2

Amateur

Answer 2

mages made for personal satisfaction

Question 3

Official

Answer 3

Government employed photographers sent to document sites of interest

Question 4

Commercial

Answer 4

produced marketable images as quickly and cheaply as possible

Question 5

John Beasly Greene , Bank of Nile at Thebes, Village de Ghezireh, 1853-4

Answer 5

Used the calotype to record explorations in Egypt; This image is an example of a pictorial approach to landscape photography - nothing is clearly defined and everything is suggested

Question 6

Francis Frith , The Great Pyramid and the Sphinx, 1858

Answer 6

Trademark composition juxtaposed human figures with giant statues, providing a sense of mass and scale; His work reconfirmed the positivist belief that knowledge was a collection of facts.

Question 7

Robert Macpherson, Moses by Michelangelo, circa 1850s, 15x12 in. Albumen Silver Print

Answer 7

Pioneered using photography as a means of documenting masterpieces in the west both as souvenirs and as artifacts. This process would solidify photography’s importance in the study of art history

Question 8

Portrait Photographers

Answer 8

Used neutral backdrops, vignettes, and oval shaped overeats to obliterate everyday locations and offer an artistic setting for the sitter

Question 9

Landscape Photographers

Answer 9

Borrowed the painterly device of including deep shadows along the edges of the frame to keep the eye from wandering away from the image

Question 10

Architectural Photographers

Answer 10

Established points of view from a distance, make a structure appear to be naturally incorporated into its surroundings

Question 11

John Thompson

Answer 11

Topographic and ethnographic studies of native cultures - early social documentation and travel; Street Life in London images harnessed the photograph to a social reform agenda; His work enabled representation of true types of the London poor; Intended to aid in increasing middle-class sensitivity to the dilemmas of the urban poor

Question 12

The Other

Answer 12

The “other” consisted of people of color, inhabitants of the global south, gays, lesbians, and any persons who have been denied economic/political/ social power; Others are viewed as static objects rather than active subjects who possess the same needs and desires as the viewer

Question 13

The West

Answer 13

Photographic storytellers relied on Manifest Destiny and landscape photography held the construct that God was in the details

Question 14

Galloping Horse, 1878

Answer 14

Eadweard J. Muybridge