CH 7

Question 1

acid alaki neutralization reactions

Answer 1

when an acid is mixed with an aliki in equal proportions to neutralize each other and form water

Question 2

acids

Answer 2

substances that have a PH below 7.0 taste sour, and then litmus paper from blue to red

Question 3

air

Answer 3

the gaseous mixture that makes up the earths atmosphere. it is odorless colorless and generally consists of about 1 part oxygen and 4 parts nitrogen by volume

Question 4

alkalis

Answer 4

also known as bases compounds that react with acids to form salts have a PH above 7 taste bitter and turn litmus paper from Red to blue

Question 5

acid mantle

Answer 5

protective barrier of lipids and secretions in the surface of the skin

Question 6

anion

Answer 6

an ion with a negative charge

Question 7

antioxidants

Answer 7

used to stabilize skin care products by preventing oxidation that would otherwise cause a product to turn rancid and decompose

Question 8

atoms

Answer 8

smallest chemical components of an element that still retains the properties of that element

Question 9

cation

Answer 9

ion with a positive electrical charge

Question 10

chemical change

Answer 10

change in the chemical properties of a substance that is the result of a chemical reaction in which a new substance or substances are formed that have properties different from the original

Question 11

chemical compounds

Answer 11

combinations of two or more atoms of different elements united chemically with a fixed chemical composition definite proportions and distinct properties

Question 12

chemical properties

Answer 12

those characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the identity of the substance

Question 13

chemistry

Answer 13

science that deals with the composition, structures and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions

Question 14

combustion

Answer 14

rapid oxidation of any substance accompanied by the production of heat and light

Question 15

compound molecules

Answer 15

also known as compounds a chemical combustion of two or more atoms of different elements in fixed proportions

Question 16

element

Answer 16

the simplest form of matter cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without loss of identity

Question 17

elemental molecules

Answer 17

molecule containing two or more atoms of the same element in fixed proportions

Question 18

emulsions

Answer 18

an unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances that normally will not stay blended

Question 19

free radicals

Answer 19

unstable molecules that cause inflammation disease and biochemical aging in the body especially wrinkling and sagging of the skin

Question 20

gases

Answer 20

matter without a definite shape or size. no fixed volume or shape takes the shape of its container

Question 21

hydrogen

Answer 21

colorless, odorless, tasteless gas, lightest element known

Question 22

hydrogen peroxide

Answer 22

chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor and slightly acid taste

Question 23

hydrophilic

Answer 23

easily absorbs moisture, capable of combining with or attracting water

Question 24

hydroxide

Answer 24

an anion with one oxygen and one hydrogen atom

Question 25

immiscible

Answer 25

liquids that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions

Question 26

inorganic chemistry

Answer 26

the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon but may contain the element hydrogen

Question 27

ion

Answer 27

an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge

Question 28

ionization

Answer 28

the seperation of an atom or molecule into positive or negative ions

Question 29

lipophilic

Answer 29

having an affinity for it an attraction to fat and oils

Question 30

liquids

Answer 30

matter that has volume no definite shape and will take shape of its container such as water

Question 31

logarithmic scale

Answer 31

a method of displaying data in multiples of 10

Question 32

matter

Answer 32

any substance that occupies space and has mass

Question 33

miscible

Answer 33

capable of being mixed, liquids that are mutually soluble meaning that they can be mixed together to form stable solutions

Question 34

molecule

Answer 34

a chemical combination of two or more atoms

Question 35

nitrogen

Answer 35

a colorless gaseous element that makes up about four fifths of the air in our atmosphere and is found chiefly in ammonia and nitrates

Question 36

oil in water emulsion

Answer 36

oil droplets dispersed in a water with the aid of an emulsifying agent

Question 37

organic chemistry

Answer 37

study of substances that contain carbon

Question 38

oxidation

Answer 38

either the addition of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen. a chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide

Question 39

oxidation- reduction

Answer 39

also knows as redox. chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized

Question 40

oxidize

Answer 40

to combine or cause a substance to combine with oxygen

Question 41

oxygen

Answer 41

the most abundant element on earth

Question 42

pH

Answer 42

the abbreviation used to potential hydrogen

Question 43

pH scale

Answer 43

a measure of the acidity and alkalinity of a substance. 0-14

Question 44

physical change

Answer 44

chance in the form or physical properties of a substance without a chemical reaction or the formation of a new substances

Question 45

physical mixtures

Answer 45

combination of two or more substances united physically not chemically without a fixed composition and in any proportions

Question 46

physical properties

Answer 46

characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction. and that do not cause a chemical change in the substance

Question 47

redox reactions

Answer 47

chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized

Question 48

reduction

Answer 48

the process through which oxygen is subtracted from it hydrogen is added to a substance through chemical reaction

Question 49

solids

Answer 49

a state of matter that is rigid with a definite size and shape such as ice

Question 50

solute

Answer 50

a substance that dissolves to form a solution

Question 51

solutions

Answer 51

a uniform mixture of two or more mutually miscible substances

Question 52

solvent

Answer 52

a substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution

Question 53

states of matter

Answer 53

the three different physical forms of matter solid liquid and gas

Question 54

surfactants

Answer 54

acronym for surface active agent: reduce surface tension between the skin and the product to increase product spreadability. allow oil and water to mix

Question 55

suspensions

Answer 55

unstable mixtures of two or more immiscible substances

Question 56

water

Answer 56

most abundant of all substances comprising about 75 percent of the earths surface and about 65 percent of the human body

Question 57

water in oil

Answer 57

droplets of water dispersed in oil