Ch 7/8/9 Test Flashcards
(23 cards)
Covalent bond
Two or more no metals share electrons
Ionic bond
Metal transfers electrons to a nonmetal
Valence Electron
Electron associated with an atom. Participating in a chemical bond
Octet rule
Bond having 8 electrons in the valence shell
Cation
Neutral atom looses electrons, giving it a net positive charge
Anion
Atom that gains electrons with a net negative charge
Nonpolar covalent
0-0.4 equal sharing
Polar covalent
0.4-2.0 unequal sharing
Ionic
> or = 2.0
Polar
At least one negative & one positive are sticking out. “2 or more poles=polar”
Coordination number
Number of ions of opposite charge the surround the ion in a crystal
Metallic bonds
Forces of attraction between the free-floating valence electrons and the positively charged metal ions
Ductile
Made into wire
Malleable
Hammered into shapes
Alloy
Mixtures of two or more elements, at least one metal. Properties often are superior to component element properties
Diatomic molecule
Molecule that contains two atoms
Molecular compound
Compound made of molecules.
i.e. H2O
Polyatomic ion
Tightly bound group of atoms w/ a positive or negative charge and behaves as a unit.
Molecular orbitals
Orbitals that apply to the entire molecule
Sigma bond
When 2 atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmetrical around the axis connecting 2 atomic nuclei
Pi bond
Electrons are in sausage shape
VSELR theory
Repulsion between electron pairs causes molecular shapes to adjust so that the valence electron pairs stay as far apart as possible
Monatomic ions
Consist of a single atom
