Ch. 7 and 15 Review Questions Flashcards
(27 cards)
What on the bottom of tRNA binds to mRNA
anticodon
What is on the top of a tRNA?
Amino acid binding site
A deletion mutation occurs, leaving 11 bases in nucleotide sequence. What is the maximum number of amino acids that could be coded for by this sequence?
Three
How would you describe how the RNA sequence specifies the production of an amino acid chain?
Each set of three bases codes for a single amino acid.
What is the function of mRNA?
To transmit the code for making proteins from DNA to the site of protein synthesis, from the nucleus to the ribosome.
What happens to DNA when transcription is done?
It zips back up until it’s necessary to transcribe again.
What is translation?
The building of a protein using the codons on mRNA as instructions.
What is the job of tRNA?
To bring amino acids to the ribosome in the correct order
What kind of polymerase transcribes tRNA?
RNA polymerase III
How is eukaryotic transcription different from prokaryotic transcription?
The promoter and transcription factors are more complex, and There’s a TATA box but it has a different sequence.
During translation, where does the tRNA bind with the new amino acid?
Site “A”
Splicing is when…
Introns are removed and exons are spliced together
How does translation know where to begin on an mRNA?
At the first AUG after the Shine-Dalgarno sequence
What would happen if a spliceosome couldn’t work?
The cell would produce deformed proteins
How does RNA pol II know when to stop?
It transcribes more than is needed and the extra is removed in processing.
What would happen if a eukaryotic cell lost its RNA polymerase III?
It would be able to make mRNA but not translate it
What happens when RNA polymerase runs into a histone?
the FACT complex moves it
Failure to correctly remove introns from a primary mRNA would most likely cause?
Translation errors
What is not one of the ways transcription ends in prokaryotes?
Synthesizing 1000-2000 extra nucleotides to remove in processing
Which process requires the participation of all three types of RNA?
translation
During fermentation, why is lactate produced?
To recycle NAD+
If FAD+ accepts an electron, which of the following is true?
All of these are correct.It will become reduced to FADH2
FAD+ will gain a little potential energy
Some other molecule becomes oxidized
(All of these are correct.)
What begins translation?
The initiation complex
During translation, where does the tRNA with the new amino acid bind?
A site
