CH 7: Memory Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are the 3 levels of processing, from worst to best?
Structural encoding
Phonemic encoding
Semantic encoding
what process allows sensory memory to enter short term memory
attention
What are the 4 components of working memory
Phonological loop
Visuospatial sketchpad
Episodic buffer
Central executive
what does textbook call a mindmap?
a semantic network
what is the misinformation effect?
leading questions can influence memory (e.g., cars hit vs smashed into each other)
Source monitoring
misremember the source of the memory
What trend did Ebbinghaus observe in the forgetting curve?
Forgetting is extremely rapid immediately after learning, then levels off
(but especially rapid for nonsense syllables, like in Ebbinghaus’ study)
Decay theory
forgetting happens because memory traces fade over time
Interference theory
forget information because of competition from other material
Retroactive vs Proactive Interference
Retroactive - new info prevents you from remembering OLD info
Proactive - old info prevents you from remembering NEW info
Encoding specificity principle
The value of a retrieval cue depends on how well it matches the way the memory was encoded
retrograde vs anterograde amnesia
Retrograde: forget everything before accident (no old memories)
Anterograde: forget everything after accident (no new memories)
