CH. 7 vocab

Question 1

Imperialism

Answer 1

domination by one country of the political, economic, or
cultural life of another country or region. A broader concept that includes a variety of ways of influencing another
country or group of people by direct conquest, economic
control, or cultural dominance.

Question 2

Colonialism

Answer 2

A particular type of imperialism in which people move into
and settle on the land of another country

Question 3

Animism

Answer 3

the belief that non-living objects, such as rivers or mountains, have a spirit.

Question 4

native speakers

Answer 4

those who use the language learned from birth

Question 5

Lingua Franca

Answer 5

a common language used by people who do not share the
same native language

Question 6

Slang

Answer 6

a common language used by people who do not share the
same native language

Question 7

Pidgin Language

Answer 7

A simplified mixture of two languages. Has fewer grammar
rules and a smaller vocabulary than either language but is
not the native language of either group

Question 8

Creole Language

Answer 8

a language that began as a pidgin language but was later
adopted as the mother tongue by a people in a place of
the mother tongue

Question 9

Social Constructs

Answer 9

Ideas, concepts, or perceptions that have been created
and accepted by people in a society or social group and
are not created by nature.

Question 10

Time-space convergence

Answer 10

The greater interconnection between places that results
from improvements in transportation.

Question 11

Cultural Divergence

Answer 11

the idea that a culture may change over time as the elements of distance, time, physical separation, and modern
technology create divisions and changes

Question 12

. Cultural Convergence

Answer 12

cultures are becoming similar to each other and sharing
more cultural traits, ideas, and beliefs

Question 13

linguists

Answer 13

Scientists who study languages, have differing theories
as to when humans first began communicating through
spoken sounds

Question 14

Language tree

Answer 14

the relationship among language families are often shown
to that of a tree

Question 15

. Indo-European
Language Family

Answer 15

a large group of languages that might have descended
from a language spoken around 6,000 years ago

Question 16

Romance Languages

Answer 16

The unifying language of Latin diverged into dozens of
distinct regional languages

Question 17

Isoglosses

Answer 17

The boundaries between variations in pronunciations or
word usage.

Question 18

Dialects

Answer 18

Regional variations of a language

Question 19

Adages

Answer 19

sayings that attempt to express a truth about life

Question 20

Toponyms

Answer 20

The names of places. Can provide insights into the physical geography, the history, or the cultures of a location or region.

Question 21

Official Language

Answer 21

The language adopted for use by the government for the
conduct of business and publication of documents

Question 22

Homogeneous

Answer 22

made up largely of ethnically similar people.

Question 23

Adherents

Answer 23

believers, followers

Question 24

Ethnic religions

Answer 24

belief traditions that emphasize strong cultural characteristics among their followers

Question 25

Universal religion

Answer 25

actively seeks converts to its faith regardless of their ethnic backgrounds

Question 26

Hinduism

Answer 26

A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms. Ethnic religion, worship of many deities

Question 27

Polytheistic

Answer 27

Belief in many gods

Question 28

Monotheistic

Answer 28

Belief in one God

Question 29

Karma

Answer 29

the idea that behaviors have consequences in the present life or a future life

Question 30

Caste system

Answer 30

a rigid class structure that shaped Indian society

Question 31

Buddhism

Answer 31

the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth

Question 32

Sikhism

Answer 32

the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam. A relatively new universalizing monotheistic faith.

Question 33

Gurdwara

Answer 33

Sikh place of worship

Question 34

Judaism

Answer 34

the monotheistic religion of the Jews

Question 35

Christianity

Answer 35

A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior. Son of god.

Question 36

Islam

Answer 36

the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah

Question 37

Pilgrimage

Answer 37

a religious journey to a sacred place as a sign of devotion and in search of transformation and enlightenment

Question 38

Homogenization

Answer 38

making people of different places more alike

Question 39

Acculturation

Answer 39

An ethnic or immigrant group moving to a new area adopts the values and practices of the larger group that has received them, while still maintaining valuable elements of their own culture.

Question 40

Assimilation

Answer 40

Ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group.

Question 41

Syncretism

Answer 41

The fusion or blending of two distinctive cultural traits into a unique new hybrid trait.

Question 42

Glocalization

Answer 42

a form of syncretism that involves the creation of products or services for the global market by adapting them to local cultures

Question 43

nativist

Answer 43

Anti-immigrant attitudes may form among the cultural majority, sometimes bring violence or government action against the immigrant or minority group.