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A&P 1 > Ch. 8 > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Flashcards

(98 cards)

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1
Q

206 bones

A

adult

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2
Q

axial skeleton

A

forms central supporting axis of body
ex. skull, vertebrae, sternum, ribs, sacrum, and hyoid

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3
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

pectoral girdle, upper appendages, pelvic girdle, lower appendages

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4
Q

condyle (articulation)

A

a rounded knob that articulates with another bone

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5
Q

facet (articulation)

A

a smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface

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6
Q

head (articulation)

A

the prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded like the head of a femur

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7
Q

crest

A

a narrow ridge (iliac crest of pelvis)

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8
Q

epicondyle

A

an expanded region superior to a condyle

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9
Q

line

A

a slightly raised, elongated ridge (nuchal lines of the skull)

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10
Q

process

A

any bony prominence (mastoid process of the skull)

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11
Q

protuberance

A

a bony outgrowth or protruding part (mental spines of the mandible)

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12
Q

spine

A

a sharp, slender, or narrow process (mental protuberance of the chin)

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13
Q

trochanter

A

two massive processes unique to the femur

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14
Q

tubercle

A

a small, rounded process (greater tubercle of the humerus)

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15
Q

tuberosity

A

a rough elevated surface (tibial tuberosity)

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16
Q

alveolus (depression)

A

a pit or socket (tooth socket)

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17
Q

fossa (depression)

A

a shallow, broad, or elongated basin (mandibular fossa)

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18
Q

fovea (depression)

A

a small pit (fovea capitis of the femur)

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19
Q

sulcus (depression)

A

a groove for a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel (intertubercular sulcus of the humerus)

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20
Q

canal

A

a tubular passage or tunnel in a bone (auditory canal of the skull)

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21
Q

fissure

A

a slit through a bone (orbital fissures behind the eye)

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22
Q

foramen

A

a hole through a bone, usually round (foramen magnum of the skull)

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23
Q

meatus

A

a canal (external acoustic meatus of the ear)

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24
Q

sinus

A

an air-filled space in a bone (frontal sinus of the forehead)

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25
cranium
"braincase", 8 bones fused by sutures houses and protects the brain and associated sense organs
26
facial bones
anterior to the cranial cavity, shapes the face 14 bones
27
calvaria
skullcap, top portion of the cranium
28
cranial base
bottom portion of the cranium
29
fossa
a shallow, broad basin 3 cranial fossae fits the cerebellum and 2 cerebral lobes
30
parietal bones
two bones, form most of the cranial roof and part of its lateral walls
31
temporal lines
serve as attachment of the temporalis muscle
32
temporal bone
side of the skull near the ear
33
petrous part
part of the cranial floor, houses middle and inner ear cavities
34
internal acoustic meatus
opening for the vestibulocochlear nerve
35
jugular foramen
for jugular vein
36
carotid canal
for internal carotid artery
37
occipital bone
base of your skull by the neck
38
basilar part
thick median plate of occipital bone
39
foramen magnum
entrance for the spinal cord into cranium located in the occipital bone
40
occipital condyles
skull rest on vertebral column
41
external occipital protuberance
attachment for nuchal ligaments (binds skull to vertebral column)
42
superior and inferior nuchal lines
attach neck muscle
43
supraorbital foramen
passage for supraorbital nerve and artery
44
sella turcica
houses pituitary gland, part of the sphenoid bone
45
optic foramen
opening for optic nerve, part of the sphenoid bone
46
foramen rotundum
opening for the trigeminal nerve (maxillary branch), part of the sphenoid bone
47
foramen ovale
opening for the trigeminal nerve (mandibular branch), part of the sphenoid bone
48
foramen spinosum
opening for blood vessels, part of the sphenoid bone
49
pterygoid processes
attachment for muscles of mastication, part of the sphenoid bone
50
ethmoid
complex, delicate bone looks like honeycomb, lateral walls and roof of nasal cavity, and part of nasal septum
51
labyrinth
masses lateral to perpendicular plate; superior and middle nasal concha; ethmoidal cells make up the ethmoid sinus
52
crista galli
attachment of brain membranes
53
cribriform plate
forms roof of nasal cavity
54
cribriform foramina
opening for olfactory sensory nerves
55
fontanelle
fibrous membrane between unfused cranial bones in infants
56
facial bones
2 maxillae,2 nasal, 2 palatine, 2 zygomatic, 2 lacrimal, 2 inferior nasal conchae, 1 vomer, 1 mandible
57
infraorbital foramen
passage for blood vessels and nerves, part of the maxilla
58
intermaxillary suture
where two maxillae meet, part of the maxilla
59
palatine processes of maxilla
articulate with the palatine bones
60
lacrimal bone
medial wall of orbit, where tear duct would be
61
lacrimal fossa
depression for sac that collects tears from eyes (drains into nasal cavity)
62
perpendicular plate of palantine bone
extends to form part of the orbit
63
horizontal plate
forms hard palate with maxilla
64
cleft palate
2 maxillae dont meet
65
mandible
strongest bone of skull, only movable skull joint, consists of body, angle, ramus
66
mental protuberance
chin
67
alveolar process
holds teeth
68
coronoid process
chewing muscle attachment
69
nasal bones
bridge of the nose, supports nasal cartilages
70
inferior nasal concha
separate bone
71
vomer
forms inferior part of bony nasal septum, connects to the ethmoid perpendicular plate
72
cribriform plate of ethmoid
forms roof of nasal cavity
73
cribriform foramina
passageway for olfactory
74
paranasal sinuses
chambers within bones; air-filled and lined by mucous membrane
75
hyoid bone
slender U- shaped bone between the chin and larynx
76
Vertebral column
supports the skull and trunk, allows for their moment
77
vertabral canal
"tunnel" formed by vertebral foramina of all vertebrae, spinal cord runs through it
78
5 vertebral groups
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
79
How many cervical?
7
80
How many thoracic?
12
81
How many lumbar?
5
82
axis vertebra
rotate your head
83
intervertebral disc
pad between bodies of vertebrae, absorb shock, supports body weight
84
herniated disc/ruptured/slipped disc
annulus (outer ring of touch fibrocartilage can crack under heavy stress
85
scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature
86
hyperkyphosis
exaggerated thoracic curvature
87
hyperlordosis
exaggerated lumbar curvature
88
true rib
attached to sternum by individual costal cartilage
89
false rib
attached to sternum by shared costal cartilage
90
floating rib
not attached to sternum at all
91
brachium
extends from shoulder to elbow, only humerus
92
antebrachium
extends from elbow to wrist, forearm which is radius and ulna
93
carpus
wrist, 8 carpals
94
manus
hand, 5 metacarpals, 14 phalanges
95
femoral region
thigh, extends from hip to knee, femur and patella
96
crural region
leg, tibia, fibula
97
tarsal region
ankle
98
pedal region
7 tarsal bones, 5 metatarsals, 14 phalanges

A&P 1 (1 decks)

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