Ch. 8 Quantum Mechanics And Periodic Trends

Question 0

The theory which allows us to determine the probability of finding an electron at a particular place in the Atom

Answer 0

Quantum mechanics

Question 1

Modern atomic theory is referred to as

Answer 1

Quantum mechanics

Question 2

It is impossible to know both the speed and location of an electron at the same time

Answer 2

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Question 3

Particles that are involved in light

Answer 3

Photons

Question 4

What is the principal quantum number

Answer 4

Describes the main energy level of the electron in its distance from the nucleus

Question 5

How do you calculate the principal quantum number

Answer 5

2n^2

Question 6

What levels to the electrons occupy

Answer 6

The lowest energy levels which are the closest to the nucleus

Question 7

Azimuthal quantum number

Answer 7

Describes the sub level the electron is in

Question 8

List the sub levels in order from least energetic to most energetic

Answer 8

S
p
D
F

Question 9

Azimuthal quantum number

Answer 9

Also describes the shape of the electron cloud

Question 10

Region of space in which an electron of a particular energy might be found

Answer 10

Electron cloud

Question 11

What does the S as azimuthal quantum number look like

Answer 11

Sphere

Question 12

What does the P look like

Answer 12

Propeller

Question 13

What does the d look like

Answer 13

Daisy

Question 14

What does the f look like

Answer 14

Too funky to draw

Question 15

The shape of the space where there is a high probability of finding electrons

Answer 15

Orbital

Question 16

Magnetic quantum number (m)

Answer 16

Describes the orbitals orientation in space

Represents the number of ways in which you can position an electron cloud

Question 17

The space occupied by a pair of electrons

Answer 17

Orbital

Question 18

When placing electrons into orbitals within a sub level place them in orbitals one at a time before doubling up

Answer 18

Hund’s role of maximum multiplicity

Question 19

Spin quantum number (s)

Answer 19

Represents the direction of the electron spin

Question 20

Where does an electron spin and how

Answer 20

Electron spins on its axis clockwise and counterclockwise

Question 21

No two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers

Answer 21

Pauli exclusion principle

Question 22

Having the same energy

Answer 22

Degenerate

Question 23

Electrons will remain unpaired in a given orbital until orbitals of the same sublet will have at least one electron

Answer 23

Hund’s rule

Question 24

What sublevels overlap

Answer 24

The 4s and 3d

Question 25

Went to the overlaps become more frequent

Answer 25

As electrons are placed in n=5 and beyond

Question 26

How are energy levels spaced

Answer 26

They are not equally spaced as you get further from the nucleus energy levels get closer together and overlap

Question 27

A property that can be predicted based on an elements location on the periodic table

Answer 27

Periodic trend

Question 28

The distance from the center of the nucleus to the edge of the electron cloud

Answer 28

Atomic radius

Question 29

Why do scientists use a covalent radius or half the distance between the nuclei of two bonded Atoms

Answer 29

Because an electron clouds edge is difficult to define

Question 30

What is an Angstrom

Answer 30

1×10 to the -10 m

Question 31

What is the trend for atomic radius

Answer 31

Larger as you go down the column and smaller as you go to the right in the row

Question 32

What is the atomic radius get larger as you go down the column

Answer 32

Because each step down adds an entirely new main energy level making the Atoms larger

Question 33

What is the atomic radius get smaller as you go to the right in the row

Answer 33

Because each step right adds a proton and an electron yet the Atoms do not get larger because they are added to existing main energy levels the added electrons are not farther from the nucleus and the effective nuclear charge is greater

Question 34

Attraction that pulls the electron cloud in

Answer 34

Effective nuclear charge

Question 35

Pull that an electron feels from the nucleus

Answer 35

Effective nuclear charge

Question 36

The larger the effective nuclear charge

Answer 36

The tighter the electron cloud gets pulled in

Question 37

Why don't we see the effective nuclear charge occur when going down the column

Answer 37

As more main energy levels are added to the Atoms the inner layers of electrons shield the outer electrons from the nucleus

Question 38

The energy required to remove an electron from an Atom

Answer 38

Ionization energy

Question 39

What is the relationship between ionization energy and atomic radius

Answer 39

Inversely proportional

Question 40

Ionization energy is always

Answer 40

Endothermic | Energy is added to the atom to remove the electron

Question 41

A measure of an atom's desire for electrons in a chemical bond

Answer 41

Electronegativity

Question 42

What element has the highest electronegativity in what is the value

Answer 42

Fluorine the value is 4

Question 43

Which elements or electron dinners and have low electronegativities

Answer 43

Metals

Question 44

Which elements are electronic accepter's and have high electronegativities

Answer 44

Nonmetals

Question 45

Best electron dinners and the largest

Answer 45

Metals

Question 46

Best electron takers and are the smallest

Answer 46

Nonmetals

Question 47

No electronegativities

Answer 47

Noble gases

Question 48

All of the ions with the same electron configuration

Answer 48

Isoelectronic series

Question 49

Goes from regular element to negative ion

Answer 49

Ion is bigger less effective nuclear charge

Question 50

Goes from regular element to Positive ion

Answer 50

Ion is smaller

Question 51

Why don't elements change in an isoelectronic series

Answer 51

Because protons determine the element

Question 52

Equations needed to calculate the energy involved in an electron transition

Answer 52

Delta E equals RH times the quantity one over ni squared -1 over nf squared E equals HV C equals V upside down y

Question 53

Number of cycles that pass in a certain amount of time

Answer 53

Frequency

Question 54

V

Answer 54

Frequency

Question 55

Upside down y

Answer 55

Wavelength