Ch. 8 Substance Related And Addictive Disorders

Question 1

The diagnosis of substance use disorder requires two or more specific symptoms occurring during the preceding one year. Which of the following is NOT an example of one of the features associated with alcohol abuse?

A. Developing tolerance or withdrawal symptoms associated with alcohol use

B. Using alcohol in a situation that poses a risk to a person’s or others safety

C. An excessive amount of time spent recovering from use

D. Experimenting with cocaine while using alcohol

Answer 1

D

Question 2

True or false

Physical dependence on a drug is not the same thing as addiction

Answer 2

True

Question 3

True or false

Withdrawal syndrome is a physiological not a psychological cluster of symptoms

Answer 3

False

Question 4

True or false

Substance abuse disorders are best understood by investigating the distinctive constellation of factors that apply to each individual case

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The pathway to drug dependence includes all but which of the following stages?

A. Experimentation

B. Routine use

C. Addiction or dependence

D. Toxic use

Answer 5

D

Question 6

Which defense mechanism plays a major role during the routine stage of drug dependence?

A. Denial

B. Regression

C. Displacement

D. Sublimation

Answer 6

A

Question 7

Alcohol has biochemical effects similar to those of a classic of ________

A. Antidepressants

B. Anticoagulants

C. Minor tranquilizers

D. Major tranquilizers

Answer 7

C

Similar to benzodiazepine

Question 8

Alcohol is implicated in about one in _________ reported suicides.

A. Three

B. Five

C. Seven

D. Nine

Answer 8

A

Lowers inhibitions and is a depressant

Question 9

True or false

In order to become psychologically dependent on a drug, you must first develop physiological dependence.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Risk factors for alcohol dependence are greatest among people of _________ income levels and __________ education levels.

A. Lower, lower

B. Lower, higher

C. Higher, lower

D. Higher higher

Answer 10

A

Question 11

Alcohol appears to brighten the activity of the neurotransmitter __________

A. GABA

B. Endorphin

C. Serotonin

D. Dopamine

Answer 11

A

Question 12

Feral alcohol syndrome has been found among children or mothers who drank was little as ________ of alcohol per week.

A. A drink and a half

B. Three drinks

C. Five drinks

D. Nine drinks

Answer 12

A

Question 13

True or false

There is correlational evidence that might drinking in men and women can lower the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True or false

Barbiturates have synergistic effects when combined with alcohol that is 10x more powerful than when either drug is used alone.

Answer 14

False: 4x more powerful

Question 15

Barbiturates ________ create psychological dependence and __________ crest physical dependence in the form of both tolerance and development of withdrawal symptoms.

A. Do not, do not

B. Rapidly, do not

C. Do not, rapidly

D. Rapidly, rapidly

Answer 15

D

Question 16

True or false

Europa in the brain have receptor sites into which opioids fit like a lock and key, and they mimic the action of endorphins in these same receptor sites.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a stimulant?

A. Ecstasy

B. Alcohol

C. Cocaine

D. Nicotine

Answer 17

B

Question 18

Smoking _______ the risk of dying before the age of 79.

A. Reduces

B. Has no effect on

C. Slightly increases

D. Doubles

Answer 18

D

Question 19

Nicotine stimulates the body by causing a discharge of _________

A. Estrogen

B. Testosterone

C. Epinephrine

D. Dopamine

Answer 19

C

Question 20

Marijuana is considered a ________.

A. Depressant

B. Deliriant

C. Hallucinogen

D. Major tranquilizer

Answer 20

C

Question 21

Twin studies have found _________ [MZ = monozygotic = identical, DZ = dizygotic = fraternal]

A. No significant correlation for rates of alcoholism in MZ or DZ twins

B. A higher concordance rate of alcoholism in MZ than for DZ twins

C. A higher concordance rate of alcoholism with DZ twins than MZ twins

D. An equal concordance rate of alcoholism for MZ and DZ twins

Answer 21

B

Question 22

True or false

Alcoholism, nicotine dependence, and opioid addiction are linked to genes that determine the structure of serotonin receptors in the brain.

Answer 22

False

Dopamine

Question 23

Once people become friends physiologically dependent on a drug, and he drug habit is maintained by

A. Positive reinforcement

B. Negative reinforcement

C. Positive punishment

D. Negative punishment

Answer 23

B

Relief from withdrawal symptoms

Question 24

Whenever Jean hangs around her “drinking buddies,” she is overwhelmed with cravings to drink alcohol. In the classical conditioning model, her cravings represent ______

A. UCS (unconditioned stimulus)

B. UCR (unconditioned response)

C. CS (conditioned stimulus)

D. CR (conditioned response)

Answer 24

D to

Question 25

Whenever Sophie hangs around her "drinking buddies," she is overwhelmed with cravings to drink alcohol. In the CC model, her "drinking buddies" represent A. UCR B. UCS C. CS D. CR

Answer 25

C

Question 26

In the cognitive perspective, the role of expectancies in supporting drug-related problems can be seen in which of the following factors? A. "One drink effect" B. Self-fulfilling prophecy C. Absolutist thinking D. All of the above

Answer 26

D

Question 27

Each of the following is true of treating people with substance abuse and dependency problems EXCEPT ________ A. They often do jot want to stop and will seek no treatment on their own B. Detoxification is the most important step toward staying clean C. Problems related to relapse can be more difficult than problems involved in initial treatment D. They often have other physiological problems in addition to their substance abuse problems

Answer 27

B Most important: C

Question 28

Relapse prevention training, developed by cognitive behavioral therapists, help substance abusers recognize high risk durations such as which of the following A. Negative mood states B. Interpersonal conflict C. Socially conducive situations D. All of the above

Answer 28

D

Question 29

Each of the following has been recommended as a way of improving the success rate of alcohol treatment plans among ethnic minorities EXCEPT A. Improve the level of technology that is brought to bear during treatment B. Incorporate indigenous forms of healing into the treatment process C. Use counselors from client's own ethnic group D. Address all facts of the human being, including racial and cultural identity

Answer 29

A

Question 30

True or false Approximately half of all drug abusers relapse within a year of detoxification.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

True or false Continuing support and structured therapy, such as behavioral counseling, plus possible use of therapeutic drugs, increase the chances of long-term success regarding quitting drug use.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Which of the following is an example of behavioral marital therapy, which seeks to improve marital communication and problem solving skills with the goal of relieving marital stresses that can trigger abuse. A. Contingency management B. Aversive conditioning C. Written behavioral contracts D. Not socializing with others with substance abuse problems

Answer 32

C

Question 33

All of the following characteristics are associated with compulsive gambling EXCEPT A. Emotional instability B. Low tolerance for frustration C. High need for achievement D. Manipulativeness

Answer 33

C

Question 34

True or false In a sad but ironic twist, people who become dependent on drugs may continue to use them solely because of the relief from withdrawal symptoms and craving they may encounter when they go without the drug.

Answer 34

True