Ch. 9-12

Question 1

Work done on a gas

Answer 1

W=-P△V

Question 2

Change in Internal Energy

Answer 2

△U= Q + W

Question 3

Change in Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas

Answer 3

△U= n Cv △T

Question 4

Isobaric Process (△U, Q, and W)

Answer 4

△U= nCv△T
Q= nCp△T
W=-P△V

Question 5

Adiabatic Process

Answer 5

△U= nCv△T
Q= 0
W= △U
Constant =  (PV)^gamma
Gamma= Cp/Cv

Question 6

Isovolumetric Process

Answer 6

△U= nCv△T
Q= △U
W= 0

Question 7

Isothermal Process

Answer 7

△U= 0
Q= -W
W= -nRTln(Vf/Vi)

Question 8

General Thermal Processes

Answer 8

△U= nCv△T
Q= △U-W
W= PV (Area)

Question 9

Degree of Freedom

Answer 9

each different way a gas molecule can store energy; contributes 1/2R to the molar specific heat capacity; monoatomic Cv= 3/2R; diatomic Cv= 5/2R

Question 10

Heat capacity at Constant Pressure

Answer 10

Cp= Cv + R

Question 11

Work Done by a Heat Engine

Answer 11

Weng = l Qh l -l Qc l

Question 12

Thermal Efficiency of a Heat Engine

Answer 12

e= 1 - [Qc]/[Qh]

Question 13

Coefficient of Performance

Answer 13

COP = Q/W

Question 14

Carnot Cycle Efficiency

Answer 14

e (c) = 1 - Tc/Th

Question 15

Entropy

Answer 15

△S= Qr/T
Qr= heat flow as the system changes from one state to another

Question 16

Energy required to change Temperature

Answer 16

Q=mc△T

Question 17

Energy required to change the phase

Answer 17

Q= +/-mL

Question 18

Rate of Energy Transfer

Answer 18

P= kA (Th-Tc)/L
k= thermal conductivity

Question 19

Rate of Radiation Emission

Answer 19

P (net) = sigmaAe(T^4 - Ti^4)

Question 20

Ideal Gas Law

Answer 20

PV=nRT

Question 21

Pressure of N molecules of an Ideal Gas

Answer 21

P = 2/3 (N/V) (1/2mv^2)

Question 22

Linear Expansion

Answer 22

△L = ⍺Li△T

Question 23

Area Expansion

Answer 23

△A = gammaAi△T

Question 24

Volume Expansion

Answer 24

△V = ℬVi△T

Question 25

Relationship between Celsius and Kelvin

Answer 25

Tc = T - 273.15

Question 26

Relationship between Fahrenheit and Celcius

Answer 26

Tf = 9/5Tc + 32

Question 27

Density

Answer 27

⍴ = M/V

Question 28

Pressure in a fluid

Answer 28

P = F/A

Question 29

Stress

Answer 29

stress = elastic modulus x strain

Question 30

Young's Modulus

Answer 30

F/A=Yi△L/Li

Question 31

Pressure when Barometer is at a certain height

Answer 31

P= ⍴gh

Question 32

Buoyancy

Answer 32

⍴Vg

Question 33

Equation of continuity

Answer 33

A1V1=A2V2

Question 34

Variation of Pressure with Depth

Answer 34

P2=P1 + ⍴g (y1-y2)

Question 35

Pascal's Principle

Answer 35

F1/A1=F2/A2

Question 36

Buoyancy when Object is Submerged

Answer 36

B=⍴(fluid)V(obj)g w=mg=⍴(obj)V(obj)g Net Force=B-w=(⍴(fluid)-⍴(obj)) V(obj)g

Question 37

Buoyancy when Object is Floating

Answer 37

w=mg=⍴objVobjg ⍴fluidVfluidg=⍴objVobjg use m=⍴waterAh

Question 38

Surface Tension

Answer 38

gamma = F/L

Question 39

Capillary Action

Answer 39

h=2(gamma)/⍴gr (cosAngle)

Question 40

Viscous Fluid Flow

Answer 40

``` F = n (Av/d) n= coefficient of viscosity ```

Question 41

Rate of Viscous Flow

Answer 41

[piR^4 (P1-P2)]/8nL=Rate n = coefficient of viscosity R= radius

Question 42

Transport Phenomena (diffusion rate)

Answer 42

Mass/Time =DA((C2-C1)/L) D= constant of proportionality C2-C1/L = concentration gradient

Question 43

Stoke's Law (motion through a viscous medium)

Answer 43

``` F = 6 pi n r v n= viscosity v= speed r= radius ```

Question 44

Force of Gravity through a viscous medium

Answer 44

W=⍴gV=⍴g(4/3pi r^3)

Question 45

Buoyant force through a viscous medium

Answer 45

B= ⍴(f)gV = ⍴(f)g(4/3 pi r^3)

Question 46

Terminal Speed

Answer 46

v(t)= mg/k (1-(⍴(f)/⍴))

Question 47

Centrifuge Motion (Sedimentation Rate)

Answer 47

V(t)=(( m⍵^2r)/k)(1-⍴(f)/⍴)