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Med Term > Ch 9 > Flashcards

Ch 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Traps germs that are breathed in; produce antibodies that can help to kill germs and may help to prevent throat and lung infections.

A

Tonsils

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2
Q

Plays essential role in the formation of antibodies and the development of the immune response in the newborn; manufactures infection-fighting T cells can helps distinguish normal T cells from those that attack the body’s own tissues.

A

Thymus

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3
Q

Acts as a filter for blood; recycles old erthrocytes (red blood cells) ; stores platelets and white blood cells; helps fight certain kinds of bacteria, especially those that cause pneumonia and meningitis.

A

Spleen

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4
Q

Vessel system composed of lymphatic capillaries, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic ducts, and lymph nodes that transport lymph from the tissue to the blood.

A

Lymphatic System

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5
Q

Three main functions of the Lymphatic System:

A

1) Transport proteins and fluids, lost by capillary seepage, back to bloodstream
2) Protect the body against pathogens by phagocytosis and immune response
3) Serve as a pathway for the absorption of fats from the small intestine into the blood stream

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6
Q

Fluid consisting of formed elements (erythrocytes, thrombocytes, and leukocytes) and plasma)

A

Blood

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7
Q

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Erythrocyte (Red Blood Cell)

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8
Q

Responsible for blood clotting

A

Thrombocyte (Platelet)

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9
Q

Provides body’s main defense against invasion of pathogens

A

Leukocyte (White Blood Cell)

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10
Q

Protects against infection, especially by bacteria; is readily attracted to foreign antigens and destroys them by phagocytosis

A

Neutrophil

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11
Q

Engulphing and eating of particulate substances

A

Phagocytosis

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12
Q

Destroys parasitic organisms; plays key role in allergic reactions

A

Eosinophil

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13
Q

Plays a role in releasing histamine and other chemicals that act on blood vessels; essential to nonspecific immune response to inflammation

A

Basophil

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14
Q

Provides one of the first line of defense in the inflammatory process

A

Monocyte

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15
Q

Acts to recognize antigens, produce antibodies, and destroy foreign invaders

A

Lymphocyte

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16
Q

The state of being immune to or protected from a disease, especially an infection disease.

A

Immunity

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17
Q

Defense mechanism of the body

A

Immune System

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18
Q

Acquired through transfer of antibodies or activated T cells from an immune host and is short lived, usually lasting only a few months.

A

Passive Immunity

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19
Q

Induced by the host itself by and antigen and lasts much longer, sometimes lifelong.

A

Active Immunity

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20
Q

Condition in which the erythrocytes are unequal in size and shape

A

Anisocytosis

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21
Q

Protein substance produced in the body in response to an invading foreign substance

A

Antibody

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22
Q

Substance that works against the formation of blood clots; class of medication used in certain patients to prevent blood from clotting.

A

Anticoagulant

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23
Q

Invading foreign substance that induces the formation of antibodies

A

Antigen

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24
Q

Condition in which the body’s immune system becomes defective and produces antibodies against itself.

A

Autoimmune Disease

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25
Process of infusing a patient's own blood.
Autotransfusion
26
Capable of forming a clot
Coagulable
27
Blood Cell
Corpuscle
28
Excess of creatine in the blood
Creatinemia
29
Particle or mass that travels through the bloodstream. It can lodge in a blood vessel, producing a blockage and causing organ damage. Can be Solid, Liquid, or Gaseous.
Embolus
30
Immature red blood cell that is found only in bone marrow and still contains a nucleus.
Erythoblast
31
Mature red blood cell, does not contain a nucleus
Erythocyte
32
Abnormal condition in which there is an increase in production of red blood cells
Erythrocytosis
33
Formation of red blood cells
Erythropiesis
34
Hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells
Erythropoietin
35
Process by which fluids and/or intravenous (IV) medications can escape from the blood vessel into surrounding tissue.
Extravasation
36
Insoluble protein formed from fibrinogen by the action of the thrombin in the blood-clotting process
Fibrin
37
Blood protein converted to fibrin by the action of thrombin in the blood-clotting process
Fibrinogen
38
Plasma protein found in body fluids and cells
Globulin
39
Granular leukocyte
Granulocyte
40
Physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of blood diseases
Hematologist
41
Study of blood
Hematology
42
Collection of blood that has escaped from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissues
Hematoma
43
Genetic condition in which iron is not metabolized properly and accumulates in body tissues
Hemochromatosis
44
A protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs in the body and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs
Hemoglobin
45
Destruction of red blood cells
Hemolysis
46
Hereditary blood condition characterized by prolonged coagulation and tendency to bleed
Hemophilia
47
Bursting forth of blood
Hemorrhage
48
Control or stopping of bleeding
Hemostasis
49
Natural substance found in the liver, lungs, and other body tissues that inhibits blood clotting.
Heparin
50
Pathological condition of excessive amounts of calcium in the blood
Hypercalcemia
51
Pathological condition of excessive amounts of sugar in the blood
Hyperglycemia
52
Pathological condition of excessive amounts of lipids (fat) in the blood
Hyperlipidemia
53
Condition of deficient amounts of sugar in the blood; low blood sugar
Hypoglycemia
54
Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood, cells, and tissues
Hypoxia
55
Blood protein capable of acting as an antibody
Immunoglobulin
56
Malignant neoplasm that causes violaceous vascular lesions and general lymphadenopathy; most common AIDS- related tumor
Kaposi Sarcoma
57
Separation of white blood cells from the blood, which is then transfused back into the patient
Leukapheresis
58
Cancer of the white blood cells. The bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells and these cells crowd out healthy blood cells making it difficult for blood to do its work.
Leukemia
59
Abnormal decrease of white blood cells; literally means lack of white blood cells
Leukocytopenia
60
Inflammation of the lymph glands
Lymphadenitis
61
Abnormal accumulation of lymph in the interstitial spaces
Lymphedema
62
Lymphoid neoplasm, usually malignant
Lymphoma
63
Control or stopping of the flow of lymph
Lymphostasis
64
Condition in which erythrocytes are larger than normal
Macrocyrosis
65
Infectious disease, often called mono or kissing disease, that occurs most often in teens and young adults. Caused by Epstein-Barr virus and spread through saliva
Mononucleosis
66
An infection that occurs more frequently or is more severe in people with weakened immune systems than people with healthy immune systems.
Opportunistic Infection
67
Lack of the cellular elements of the blood
Pancytopenia
68
Engulfing and eating of particulate substances such as bacteria, protozoa, cells and cell debris, dust particles, and colloids by phagocytes
Phagocytosis
69
Removal of blood from the body and centrifuging it to separate the plasma from the blood and infusing the cellular elements back into the patient
Plasmapheresis
70
Pneumonia resulting from infection with Pneuymoncystis jiroveci`
Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PJP)
71
Increased number of red blood cells
Polycythemia
72
Chemical substance that interacts with calcium salts to produce thrombin
Prothrombin
73
Red blood cell containing a network of granules; the last immature state of a red blood cell
Reticulocyte
74
Virus that contains a unique enzyme called reverse transcriptase that allows it to replicate within new host cells
Retrovirus
75
Pathological condition in which bacteria are present in the blood (aka sepsis)
Septicemia
76
Blood serum is the clear thin and sticky fluid part of the blood that remains after blood clots.
Serum
77
Lack of iron in the blood
Sideropenia
78
Abnormal enlargement of the spleen
Splenomegaly
79
A bone marrow cell that gives rise to different types of blood cells
Stem Cell
80
Hereditary anemia occurring in populations bordering the Mediterranean Sea and in Southeast Asia. Blood disorder in which the body makes an abnormal form of hemoglobin.
Thalassemia
81
Surgical excision of a blood clot
Thrombectomy
82
Blood enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin
Thrombin
83
Essential factor in the production of thrombin and blood clotting
Thromboplastin
84
Formation, development, or existence of a blood clot within the vascular system.
Thrombosis
85
Tumor of the thymus
Thymoma
86
Surgical excision of the tonsils
Tonsillectomy
87
Process by which blood is transferred from one individual to the vein of a reciepient
Transfusion
88
Inflammation of the blood vessels that can affect arteries, veins, and capillaries
Vasculitis

Med Term (20 decks)

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