ch. 9- chemical bonds

Question 1

Compound

Answer 1

A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio

Question 2

Chemical formula

Answer 2

Tells what elements a compound contains and the exact number of the atoms of those elements

Question 3

Coefficient

Answer 3

Represents the # of units of each substance

Question 4

Subscripts

Answer 4

Represents the # of atoms in a molecule of a particular element

Question 5

Superscript

Answer 5

Represents oxidation # or how many electrons have been gained or lost

Question 6

Chemical bond

Answer 6

Force that holds together the atoms in a substance

Question 7

Atoms form compounds to become _______

Answer 7

Chemically stable

Question 8

Ion

Answer 8

Positively/ negatively charged atom

Question 9

Cation

Answer 9

+ charged atom

Question 10

Anion

Answer 10

• charged atom

Question 11

Ionic bond

Answer 11

The attraction between ions with opposite charges

• electrons are transferred
• b/w metal and nonmetal

Question 12

Covalent bond

Answer 12

A chemical bond formed when 2 atoms share electrons

- happens b/w a nonmetal and nonmetal

Question 13

Nonpolar

Answer 13

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally

Question 14

Polar

Answer 14

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally

Question 15

Oxidation #

Answer 15

+/- # which indicates how many electrons an element has gained or lost when bonding
- also known as the charge

Question 16

Binary ionic compound

Answer 16

Compound composed of 2 elements

- have charge of 0

Question 17

Polyatomic ion

Answer 17

A +/- charged group of covalently bonded ions

Question 18

Transition metals can have many ______

Answer 18

Charges

Question 19

Hydrate

Answer 19

A compound that has water chemically attatched to its ions and written into its chemical formula

Question 20

Binary covalent compounds

Answer 20

Form from the combo. of 2 nonmetals (or nonmetal and metalloid)
- do not involve ions

Question 21

Chemcial equation

Answer 21

A way to describe a chemical reaction using symbols instead of words

Question 22

What does a chemical equation identify (3 thing):

Answer 22

1. identities of molecules in the reaction
2. elements that make up the molecules
3. whether the molecules are products or reactants

Question 23

Chemical reaction

Answer 23

One or more reactants are changed to new substances through a rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structures

Question 24

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 24

During reactions matter is neither created or destroyed

Question 25

______ are used to balance equations

Answer 25

Coefficients

Question 26

What are the steps to BCE (4)?

Answer 26

1. Write a chemical equation for the reaction 2. Count the atoms in the reactants and products 3. Choose coeffcients that balance the equation 4. Recheck the #’s of each atoms on both sides and change coefficients if needed

Question 27

What are you never supposed to do when BCE?

Answer 27

Change subscripts

Question 28

Synthesis reaction

Answer 28

2 or more substances combine to form a new substance | - A + B—> AB

Answer 29

One substance breaks down or decomposes into 2 or more simpler substances - AB—> A + B

Question 30

Single displacement

Answer 30

One element replaces another in a compound | - A + BC—> B + AC

Question 31

Double displacement

Answer 31

- results in a precipitate (water/ gas) - when a + ion of one compound swaps with another + ion of another compound - AB +CD—> AD + CB

Question 32

Exothermic

Answer 32

Energy is released in the form of heat

Question 33

Endothermic

Answer 33

Heat energy is absorbed

Question 34

Catalyst

Answer 34

Speeds up a chemical reaction

Question 35

Inhibitor

Answer 35

Prevents/slows down a chemical reaction