ch. 9 vocab for quiz 4

Question 1

a disorder that is caused by chronic overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland and is characterized by a gradual and permanent enlargement of bones after closure of epiphyseal plates

Answer 1

acromegaly

Question 2

a marked decrease in the number of granulocytes particularly neurtophils

Answer 2

agranulocytosis

Question 3

a reduction in the number of red blood cells, quantity of hemoglobin, or volume of packed red blood cells to less than normal

Answer 3

anemia

Question 4

anterior open bite

Answer 4

apertognathia

Question 5

lack of development

Answer 5

aplasia

Question 6

severe pain in a joint

Answer 6

arthraglia

Question 7

the process by which lipid accumulates within the walls of large and medium-sized arteries. it leads to reduced blood flow to and death of vital organs

Answer 7

atherosclerosis

Question 8

component of metabolism that involves the breakdown of tissues

Answer 8

catabolism

Question 9

the treatment of disease by the use of chemical substances, especially the treatment of cancer by cytotoxic and other drugs

Answer 9

chemotherapy

Question 10

formation of a clot

Answer 10

coagulation

Question 11

difficulty swallowing

Answer 11

dysphagia

Question 12

a small, flat hemorrhagic patch larger than a petechia on the skin or mucous membrane

Answer 12

ecchymosis

Question 13

bleeding from the nose

Answer 13

epistaxis

Question 14

an abnormal protrusion(bulging) of one or both eyes

Answer 14

exophthalmos

Question 15

an insoluble protein that is essential to the clotting of blood

Answer 15

fibrin

Question 16

surgical removal of the stomach

Answer 16

gastrectomy

Question 17

excessive growth and height. pituitary gigantism is a condition caused by increased production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland before closure of the epiphyseal plates

Answer 17

gigantism

Question 18

volume percentage of red blood cells in whole blood

Answer 18

hemocrit

Question 19

a localized swelling that is filled with blood caused by a break in the wall of a blood vessel

Answer 19

hematoma

Question 20

the presence of blood in the urine

Answer 20

hematuria

Question 21

a hereditary disorder of metabolism involving the deposition of ion-containing pigments in the tissues

Answer 21

hemochromatosis

Question 22

the release of hemoglobin from red blood cells by destruction of the cells

Answer 22

hemolysis

Question 23

stoppage or cessation f bleeding

Answer 23

hemostasis

Question 24

enlargement of the liver

Answer 24

hepatomegaly

Question 25

secreted molecules produced in the body that have a specific regulatory action on target cells that are distant fro their sites of synthesis; an endocrine hormone is frequently carried by the blood from its site of release to its target

Answer 25

hormone

Question 26

excess calcium in the blood

Answer 26

hypercalcemia

Question 27

excess glucose in the blood

Answer 27

hyperglycemia

Question 28

stained less intensely than normal

Answer 28

hypochromic

Question 29

a deficiency of sodium in the blood

Answer 29

hyponatremia

Question 30

a deficiency of glucose in the bloodstream

Answer 30

hypoglycemia

Question 31

a deficiency of phosphates in the blood

Answer 31

hypophosphatemia

Question 32

the technical term for jaundice

Answer 32

icterus

Question 33

a system established by the who and the international committee on thrombosis and hemostasis for reporting the results of blood coagulation(clotting) tests

Answer 33

international normalized ratio(INR)

Question 34

an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles

Answer 34

ischemia

Question 35

a hormone produced in the pancreas by beta cells in the islets of langerhans; insulin regulates glucose metabolism and is the major fuel-regulating hormone

Answer 35

insulin

Question 36

profound hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, that neccessitates emergency intervention

Answer 36

insulin shock

Question 37

accumulation of acid in the body resulting from the accumulation of ketone bodies

Answer 37

ketoacidosis

Question 38

a condition in which the number of white blood cells circulating in the blood is abnormally low

Answer 38

leukopenia

Question 39

atherosclerosis of large and medium-size blood vessels

Answer 39

macrovascular disease

Question 40

abnormally large tongue

Answer 40

macroglossia

Question 41

a large, abnormally developed rbc typical of certain forms of anemia and associated with a deficiency of folic acid or vitamin b12

Answer 41

megoblast

Question 42

abnormally heavy bleeding during menstruation

Answer 42

menorrhagia

Question 43

a rbc that is smaller than normal

Answer 43

microcyte

Question 44

damage to small blood vessels

Answer 44

microvascular disease

Question 45

muscle pain

Answer 45

myalgia

Question 46

decreased number of neutrophils in the blood

Answer 46

neutropenia

Question 47

abnormal rarefraction of bone

Answer 47

osteoporosis

Question 48

a dramatic decrease in all types of circulating blood cells

Answer 48

pancytopenia

Question 49

a minute red spot on the skin or mucous membrane caused by escape of a small amount of blood

Answer 49

petechia

Question 50

an abnormality of chromosome 22 in which part of chromosome 9 is transferred to chromosome 22

Answer 50

philadelphia chromosome

Question 51

disk-shaped structure, also called a thrombocyte, found in the blood; it plays an important role in blood coagulation

Answer 51

platelet

Question 52

increase in the total red blood cell mass in the blood

Answer 52

polycythemia

Question 53

chronic excessive thirst and intake of fluid

Answer 53

polydipsia

Question 54

increased appetite

Answer 54

polyphagia

Question 55

excessive urination causing a profound loss of water and electrolytes

Answer 55

polyuria

Question 56

after a meal

Answer 56

postprandial

Question 57

blood disorders characterized by purplish or brownish discolorations caused by bleeding into the skin or tissues

Answer 57

purpura

Question 58

a cell surface protein to which a specific molecule can bind; such binding leads to biochemical events

Answer 58

receptor

Question 59

enlargement of the spleen

Answer 59

spenomegaly

Question 60

a platelet

Answer 60

thrombocyte

Question 61

a decrease in the number of platelets in circulating blood

Answer 61

thrombocytopenia

Question 62

dry mouth

Answer 62

xerostomia