CH05 The Self

Question 1

define self-concept

Answer 1

self-concept consists of the beliefs a person holds about their own attributes and how they evaluate these qualities

Question 2

define ideal self

Answer 2

ideal self is a person’s conception of how they would like to be

Question 3

define actual self

Answer 3

actual self is a more realistic appraisal of the qualities they do and don’t have

Question 4

define impression management

Answer 4

impression management is our efforts to “manage” what others think of us by strategically choosing clothing and other cues that will put us in a good light

Question 5

define identity

Answer 5

identity is each concept that contributes to out self-concept

Question 6

define torn-self

Answer 6

torn-self is a form is self that is the result of a process of change and negotiation as one experiences conflicting values, expectations, and a process of conformity

Question 7

define symbolic interactionism

Answer 7

symbolic interactionism is a sociological approach stressing that relationship with other people play a large part in forming the self; people live in a symbolic environment, and the meaning attached to any situation or object is determined by a person’s interpretation of these symbols

Question 8

define looking-glass self

Answer 8

the looking-glass self is the sense of self-arising from the process of imagining the reaction of others toward ourselves

Question 9

define a self-fulfuling prophecy

Answer 9

self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that causes itself to come true due to the simple fact that the prediction was made

Question 10

define self-consciousness

Answer 10

self-consciousness is the awareness of one’s own body and self and one’s interactions with the environment, including others

Question 11

define empty self

Answer 11

empty self is a state that occurs when a person has an absence of community, tradition, and shared meaning; and experiences these absences as lack of personal worth and emotional hunger

Question 12

define the symbolic self-completion theory

Answer 12

the symbolic self-completion theory predicts that people who have an incomplete self-definition tend to complete this identity by acquiring and displaying symbols associated with it

Question 13

define the extended self

Answer 13

extended self is the definition of self created by the external objects with which a person surrounds him- or herself

Question 14

define body image

Answer 14

body image refers to a consumer’s subjective evaluation of their physical self

Question 15

define body image distortions

Answer 15

body image distortions are misconceptions about one or more features of the body

Question 16

define agentic goals

Answer 16

agentic goals are goals that favour the advancement of the individual

Question 17

define communal goals

Answer 17

communal goals are goals that favour the well-being of the group or community as a whole

Question 18

define chronological age

Answer 18

chronological age is the actual number of years lived

Question 19

define perceived age

Answer 19

perceived age is how old a person feels rather than his or her true chronological age (eg. 121 y/o)