Ch1

Question 1

dentition

Answer 1

all teeth in mouth

Question 2

When is a complete primary dentition present in children?

Answer 2

Ages 2mo-6

Question 3

deciduous dentition

Answer 3

primary dentition

refers to the fact that all 20 teeth in children during ages 2-6 will eventually shed by age 12 or 13 and be replaced by permanent dentition

Question 4

What are the three classes of teeth in each quadrant of primary dentition?

Answer 4

incisors (I), canine (C), and two molars (M)

Question 5

deciduous dentitin

Answer 5

milk teeth

Question 6

the tooth is made up of these 4 tissues

Answer 6

enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp

Question 7

enamel

Answer 7

white, protective external surface layer of the anatomic crown

• highly calcified or mineralized
• hardest substance in the body
• 95% calcium hydroxyapatite
• 4% water and enamel matrix
• develops from ectoderm
• product of specialized epithelial cells (ameloblasts)

Question 8

cementum

Answer 8

dull yellow external layer of the tooth root

• *calcified & inorganic**
• very thin (50-100 microm, about the size of a page)
• 65% calcium hydroxyapatite (mineralized and calcified)
• 35% organic matter (collagen fibers)
• 12% water
• as hard as bone but softer than enamel
• develops from dental sac (mesoderm)
• produced by cementoblasts

Question 9

cementoenamel junction

Answer 9

seperates the enamel of the crown of the cementum of the anatomic root

• also known as cervical line
• surrounds the neck or cervix of the tooth

Question 10

dentin

Answer 10

hard yellowish tissue underlying the enamel and cementum

• makes up major bulk of the inner portion of each tooth crown and root
• extens from pulp cavity in ceneter of tooth to outwad inner surface of the enael or cementum
• 70% calcium hydroxyapatite
• *- 18% organic matter (collagen fibers)**
• *- 12% water**
• develops from mesoderm
• cells that form dentin are called odontoblasts;
• calcified &inorgnic

Question 11

dentinoenamel junction

Answer 11

inner surface of the enamel cap where enamel joins dentin

Question 12

cementodentinal junction

Answer 12

inner surface of cementum wehre cementum joins dentin

Question 13

pulp

Answer 13

soft tissue in the cavity or space in the center of the crown and root called pulp cavity
- not calcified or mineralized, soft

• develops from mesoderm

Question 14

pulp cavity is surrounded by

Answer 14

dentin

Question 15

nerves and blood vessels enter the pulp through

Answer 15

apical foramina

Question 16

pulp develops from

Answer 16

dental papilla (mesoderm)

Question 17

what type of tissue is pulp

Answer 17

soft connective tissue

Question 18

functions of dental pulp

Answer 18

Formative: dentin-producing cells (odontoblasts) produce dentin throughout the life of a tooth, this is calle secondary dentin

Sensory: nerve endings relay the sense of pain, but nerve fibers are unable to distinguish cause of pain

Nutritive: blood vessels transport nutrients from the bloodstream to cells of the pulp

Defensive or protective: pup responds to injury or decay by forming reparative dentin (by odontoblasts)

Question 19

anatomic crown

Answer 19

part of the tooth normally covered by an enamel layer

Question 20

anatomic root

Answer 20

part of the tooth covered by cementum/enamel

Question 21

clinical crown

Answer 21

amount of tooth visible in the oral cavity

Question 22

clinical root

Answer 22

amount of tooth that is not visible since it is covered with gingiva

Question 23

periodontium

Answer 23

supporting tissues of the teeth in the mouth, including surrounding alveolar bone, gingiva, periodontal ligament, and the outer, cementum layer of tooth roots

Question 24

alveolar bone

Answer 24

portion of the upper and lower bones that surround the roots of the teeth

Question 25

gingiva

Answer 25

part of th esoft tissue in the mouth that covers the alveolar bone of the jaws, and is the only part of the periodontium that is visible in a healthy mouth

Question 26

attached gingiva

Answer 26

part of the gingiva that is firmly bound to the underlying alveolar bone

Question 27

free gingiva (marginal gingiva)

Answer 27

collar of thin gingiva that surrounds each tooth and adapts to the tooth but provides access into the potential space between the free gingiva and the tooth which is called a gingival sulcus

Question 28

gingival margin

Answer 28

edge of the gingiva closest to the biting or chewing surfaces of the teeth

Question 29

How deep should a probe go into the sulcus?

Answer 29

1-3mm

Question 30

interdental (interproximal) papilla

Answer 30

part of the collar of free gingiva that extends between the teeth

Question 31

periodontal ligament

Answer 31

very thin ligament composed of many tissue fibers that attach the outer layer of the tooth root to the thin layer of dence alveolar bone surrounding each tooth

Question 32

succedaneous teeth

Answer 32

succeed primary dentition

Question 33

palmer notation system

Question 34

trait categories

Answer 34

**set traits** - primary vs permanent **arch traits** - upper vs lower arch **class traits** - I vs C vs PM vs M **type traits** - 1st molar vs 2nd molar

Question 35

what are the 4 tissues of tooth

Answer 35

enamel, dentine, cementum, pulp

Question 36

junctions of tooth

Answer 36

cementoenamel junction dentinoenamel junction cementodentinal junction

Question 37

CEJ

Answer 37

cementoenamel juntion

Question 38

What is the inner surface of the enamel cap called (visible in cross section or in badly worn teeth)

Question 39

What is the inner surface of the enamel cap called (visible in cross section or in badly worn teeth)

Question 40

Answer 40

lingual surface * surface of maxillary and mandibular teeth nearest toung

Question 41

Answer 41

palatal surface * surface of maxillary teeth nearest the palate

Question 42

cusp

Answer 42

point, peak on the chewing surface of premolar or molar tooth

Question 43

cingulum

Answer 43

enlargement or bulge on the cervical third of the lingual surface of the crown of anterior teeth

Question 44

what are the 5 ridges

Answer 44

labial buccal cervical marginal triangular

Question 45

labial ridge

Answer 45

runs cervico-incisally in approximately the center of the labial surface of the canines

Question 46

buccal ridge

Answer 46

runs cervico-occlusally in approx the center of buccal surface of the buccal surface of premolars

Question 47

cervical ridge

Answer 47

runs mesiodistally on the cervical one-third of the buccal surface of the crown. found in all deciduous teeth but only on the permanent molars

Question 48

marginal ridge

Answer 48

on incisor & canine located on the mesial &distal border of the lingual surface

Question 49

triangular ridge

Question 50

how many triangular ridges do maxillary molers have?

Question 51

oblique ridge

Answer 51

transverse ridge

Question 52

developental groove

Answer 52

bigger, sharply defined

Question 53

supplemental groove

Answer 53

small irregularly placed grooves not at the junction of lobes or major portions of teeth

Question 54

fossa

Answer 54

a depression or hollow found on the lingual surfaces of some anterior teeth & on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth