Ch1

Question 1

Microscopic anatomy

Answer 1

examines structures that cannot be viewed by unaided eye

Question 2

scient menthod

Answer 2

observe, hypothesis, experiment, does data support hypo or need to by midified

Question 3

dif btwn physiologist and anatomist

Answer 3

physiologists provide how body parts function together whereas anatomists study the relationships and structure of the parts

Question 4

subdivisions of microscopic anatomy and what they are

Answer 4

cytology- study of single body cells and their structures
histology- study of tissues, wider approach examining how groups of cells function for a common purpose

Question 5

Gross anatomy (macroscopic anatomy) and its subtypes

Answer 5

investigates structure/relationships of large body parts visible to the unaided

comparative anatomy, developmental anatomy, embryology, regional anatomy, surface anatomy, systemic anatomy

Question 6

comparative anatomy

Answer 6

subtype of gross anatomy, examines similariries and diffs in anatomy of different species

Question 7

developmental anatomy

Answer 7

subtype of gross anatomy, investigates changes in structure within and individ. from conception to maturity

Question 8

embryology

Answer 8

subtype of gross anatomy, concerned w developmental changes prior to birth

Question 9

regional anatomy

Answer 9

subtype of gross anatomy, examines all the structures of a certain region of the body as a complete unit

Question 10

surface anatomy

Answer 10

subtype of gross anatomy, examines superficial markings and internal body structures related to the skin covering them (obtaining pulse etc)

Question 11

systemic anatomy

Answer 11

subtype of gross anatomy, studies each system in the body in a macroscopic way

Question 12

pathologic anatomy

Answer 12

examines all anatomic changes resulting from disease

Question 13

radiographic anatomy

Answer 13

studies relationships among internal structures that can be viewed through imaging procedures like MRI or xray

Question 14

surgical anatomy

Answer 14

investigates landmarks used before and after surgery

Question 15

major levels of organization in body from least to most complex

Answer 15

chemical level, cellular level, tisue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level
(coctal acronym)

Question 16

major parts of skeletal system

Answer 16

skull, sternum, ribs, cartilage, upper limb bones, lower limb bones, verterbrae, sacrum, knee joint
(svulsckrs) acronym

Question 17

major organs of integumentary system

Answer 17

hair, skin and associated glands

Question 18

major organs of muscular system

Answer 18

orbicularis oculi muscle, pectoralis major muscle, aponeurosis, tendons, sartoris muscle (opsat acronym) o.

Question 19

Endocrine system organs

Answer 19

hypothalamus, pineal gland, thyroid gland, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, kidney, testes

(pthapkt acronym?)

Question 20

nervous system organs

Answer 20

sense organ(eye), brain, spinal cord, nerves

peripheral is nervs, central is everything else

Question 21

cardiovascular system organs

Answer 21

heart, blood vessels

Question 22

respiratory system organs

Answer 22

nasal cavity, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, thoracic diaphragm

nnpltblt

Question 23

Digestive system

Answer 23

oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, liver, stomach, large intestine, small intestine

ospelsls

Question 24

lymphatic system

Answer 24

cervical lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, axillary lymph nodes, thoracic duct, spleen, inguinal lymph nodes, popliteal lymph node, lymph vessel

Question 25

Male reproductive system organs

Answer 25

Ductus deferens, seminal vesicle, prostate gland, epididymis, urethra, penis, testis, scrotum

Question 26

urinary system

Answer 26

kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

Question 27

female reproductive system

Answer 27

mammary glands, ovary, uterine tube, uterus. vagina, external genetalia(clit, labia)

Question 28

anatomic position

Answer 28

stands upright w feet parallel and flat on the floor, head level, eyes forward. arms at either side with palms facing FORWARD and thumbs facing OUT

Question 29

planes

Answer 29

coronal plane (frontal) divides into anterior and posterior transverse plane(cross sectional or horizontal) cuts along axis perpindicularly midsagittal (median) divides into right and left halves equal sagittal ^ but not equal oblique -pass thru at an angle

Question 30

anatomic directions relative to front or back

Answer 30

anterior(in front), posterior(in back), dorsal(towards back), ventral(towards front)

Question 31

anatomic directions relative to head or tail of body

Answer 31

superior (close to head), inferior(close to feed), caudal (at rear/tail end), cranial (at head end), rostral(towards nose/mouth)

Question 32

anatomical directions relative to midline or center of body

Answer 32

medial(toward midline), lateral (away from midline), ipsilateral (on same side), contralateral (on opposite side), deep (on inside), superficial (on outrside)

Question 33

anatomical directions relative to point of attachement appendage

Answer 33

proximal (closest to poin of attachment to trunk), distal (furthest from point of attachement to trunk)

Question 34

axial region inclueds what main areas

Answer 34

head, neck, trunk

Question 35

appendicular region includes what main area

Answer 35

appendages

Question 36

abdominal region

Answer 36

inferior to thorax and superior to pelvic brim of hip bones

Question 37

antebrachial region

Answer 37

forearm

Question 38

antecubital

Answer 38

region anterior to the elbow

Question 39

auricular

Answer 39

ear

Question 40

axillary region

Answer 40

armpit

Question 41

brachial region

Answer 41

arm (between shoulder and elbow)

Question 42

buccal

Answer 42

cheek

Question 43

calcaneal region

Answer 43

heel of foot

Question 44

carpal region

Answer 44

wrist

Question 45

cephalic region

Answer 45

head

Question 46

cervical region

Answer 46

neck

Question 47

coxal region

Answer 47

hip

Question 48

cranial region

Answer 48

skull

Question 49

crural region

Answer 49

leg

Question 50

deltoid region

Answer 50

shoulder

Question 51

digital region

Answer 51

fingers or toes

Question 52

dorsal region

Answer 52

back

Question 53

femoral region

Answer 53

thigh

Question 54

fibular region

Answer 54

lateral aspect of leg

Question 55

frontal region

Answer 55

forehead

Question 56

gluteal region

Answer 56

buttock

Question 57

hallux region

Answer 57

great toe

Question 58

inguinal region

Answer 58

groin

Question 59

lumbar region

Answer 59

small of back, lower back

Question 60

mammary region

Answer 60

breat

Question 61

manus region

Answer 61

hand

Question 62

mental region

Answer 62

chin

Question 63

nasal region

Answer 63

nose

Question 64

occipital region

Answer 64

posterior of head

Question 65

olecranal region

Answer 65

posterior aspect of elbow

Question 66

oral region

Answer 66

mouth

Question 67

orbital region

Answer 67

eye

Question 68

palmar region

Answer 68

palm of the hand

Question 69

patellar region

Answer 69

kneecap

Question 70

pectoral region

Answer 70

chest

Question 71

pelvic region

Answer 71

pelvis

Question 72

perineal reagion

Answer 72

diamond shape between thighs w anus and reproductive organs

Question 73

pes region

Answer 73

foot

Question 74

plantar region

Answer 74

sole of foot

Question 75

pollex region

Answer 75

thunb

Question 76

popliteal region

Answer 76

area posterior to kneww

Question 77

pubic region

Answer 77

anterior region of pelvis

Question 78

radial region

Answer 78

lateral aspect of forarm (thumb side)

Question 79

scapular region

Answer 79

shoulder blade

Question 80

sacral region

Answer 80

posterior region between hip bones

Question 81

sternal regions

Answer 81

anterior middle region of thorax

Question 82

sural region

Answer 82

calf

Question 83

tarsal region

Answer 83

proximal part of foot/ankle

Question 84

thoracic region

Answer 84

part of torso superior to thoracic diaphragm (contains pecs, axillary, and sternal regions)

Question 85

tibial region

Answer 85

medial aspect of leg

Question 86

ulnar region

Answer 86

medial aspect of the forearm

Question 87

umbilical region

Answer 87

naval

Question 88

vertebral region

Answer 88

spinal column

Question 89

what cavities are in the posterior aspect and how are they dif from the ventral cavity

Answer 89

cranial cavity and vertebral canal. they are both encased in bone making them dif from ventral cavity

Question 90

what cavities are contained in the ventral cavity and what are they separated by

Answer 90

Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity separated from diagphram

Question 91

what is the abdominopelvic cavity a part of and what does it contain

Answer 91

part of ventral cavity and contains abdominal and pelvic cavity

Question 92

what are the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities lined with and what are they layers of the lining

Answer 92

serous membrane, made of parietal and visceral layer. parietal lines intermal surface of body wall and visceral covers external surface of organs

Question 93

what is serous membrane and serous fluid

Answer 93

seruous membrane lines organs and protects them from friction and damage. like a fist in a balloon. secreted by serous membranes in a serous cavity. consistency of oil and used as a lubricant.

Question 94

What dose the thoracic cavity contain

Answer 94

mediastinum, pleural cavity, pericardial cavity

Question 95

what does the abdominopelvic cavity contain

Answer 95

abdominal and pelvic cavities

Question 96

where is the mediastinum contained and what dose it contain itself

Answer 96

in the thoracic cavity and it contains heart, thymus, esophogus, trachea, and major blood vessels

Question 97

what is the serous membrane enclosing the heart called and what are its layers. what is the space between the parietal and visceral pericardia called?

Answer 97

pericardium. perietal and visceral pericardium. pericardial cavity

Question 98

what is the serous membrane in the lungs called and what is the inside of the membrane called

Answer 98

pleura, pleural cavity

Question 99

what is contained in the abdominal cavity

Answer 99

most digestive organs and kidneys and ureter

Question 100

what is contained inteh pelvic cavity

Answer 100

distal part of the large intestine, urinary bladder and urethra and internal reproductive organs

Question 101

what is the serous membrane around the abdominopelvic cavity called

Answer 101

peritoneum. peritoneal cavity in in between visceral and periatel layers

Question 102

Radiography

Answer 102

x-rays. primary way of obtaining images of body parts

Question 103

radiopaque

Answer 103

a substance that absorbs x rays allowing hollow organs to be viewd

Question 104

ultrasound

Answer 104

sonography. second most used imaging method. uses a transducer across body producing ultrasound waves that recieve signals from organs. no radiatioin

Question 105

Digital subtraction angiography

Answer 105

3d xray technique to view blood vessels. inject dye into blood to see them, helpful for vessel blockages. used in angioplastys when inserting catheter to put a stint where they are blocked.

Question 106

CT computer tomography

Answer 106

cat scan. more sophisticated Xray w heavy radiation.

Question 107

MRI

Answer 107

uses magnets

Question 108

PET scan

Answer 108

analyze metabolic state of a tissue at a given moment in time to see which are most active