ch1-3

Question 1

utilitarian conservationist

Answer 1

person values natural resources and uses them purposefully

Question 2

biocentric preservationist

Answer 2

a person who believes in protecting nature cause all life deserves respect.

Question 3

environmental impact statement

Answer 3

document that summarizes expected impacts on environment associated with a project

Question 4

environmental justice

Answer 4

dealing with concerns that pop at high risk because of social of economic factors also elevated impacts

Question 5

rational actor model

Answer 5

assumption that all individuals try to spend their limited resources that maximizes utilities

Question 6

utility

Answer 6

economic term means individual gets from some good or service

Question 7

eternality

Answer 7

economics, effect of firm that doesn’t have to pay all costs associated with production

Question 8

natural capital

Answer 8

all of earth’s resources and processes that sustain organisms

Question 9

environmental ethics

Answer 9

ethics that moral basis is environmental responsibility

Question 10

environmental worldview

Answer 10

world view that helps make sense of how the environment works, our place in it, right and wrong behaviors in it

Question 11

western worldview

Answer 11

understanding of place on world as in humin dominance, limited resources and economic growth

Question 12

deep ecology worldview

Answer 12

understanding of place in the world based on harmony with nature,spiritual respect for life, belief humans and all other species are worth the same

Question 13

ecology

Answer 13

study of systems that include interactions of organisms and their abiotic environment

Question 14

species

Answer 14

group of similar organisms who breed freely with each other.

Question 15

population

Answer 15

group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time

Question 16

community

Answer 16

natural association different species living and interacting in the same area at the same time

Question 17

ecosystem

Answer 17

community and physical environment

Question 18

landscape

Answer 18

regin that includes several interacting ecosystems

Question 19

biosphere

Answer 19

parts of earth’s atmosphere, ocean, land surface, and soil that contain living organisms

Question 20

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 20

energy can not be destroyed, only changed from one for to another

Question 21

second law of thermodynamics

Answer 21

when energy is converted some is degraded into heat a less usable form

Question 22

photosynthesis

Answer 22

with o2 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + radiant energy=

C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2

Question 23

aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 23

no o2 C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O =

6 CO2 + 12 H2O + energy

Question 24

energy flow

Answer 24

the passage of energy in a one-way direction in a ecosystem

Question 25

trophic level

Answer 25

organism's position in a food chain

Question 26

food web

Answer 26

representation of interlocking food chains that connect al organisms in a ecosystem

Question 27

gross primary productivity (GPP)

Answer 27

the total amount of photosynthetic energy that plants captures and assimilate in a certain amont of time

Question 28

net primary productivity (NPP)

Answer 28

productivity after respiration losses are subtracted

Question 29

biotic

Answer 29

living

Question 30

abiotic

Answer 30

nonliving

Question 31

biome

Answer 31

large distinct region characterized by similar climate, soil, plants, and animals

Question 32

hydrosphere

Answer 32

earths supply of water

Question 33

lithosphere

Answer 33

earths outermost rigged rock layer

Question 34

energy

Answer 34

the capacity or ability of doing work

Question 35

forms of energy

Answer 35

chemical, radiant, thermal, mechanical, nuclear, electrical, sound

Question 36

condition of energy

Answer 36

potential energy(can do work) kinetic energy (is doing work)

Question 37

closed system

Answer 37

system that does not exchange energy with soundings (glass of water in thermos)

Question 38

open system

Answer 38

system that does exchange energy with surroundings (glass of water in the sun)

Question 39

entropy

Answer 39

a Measure of the Randomness in a system

Question 40

hydrothermal vent

Answer 40

hot spring on sea floor with rich minerals rise to suface.

Question 41

chemosynthesis

Answer 41

organism takes inorganic raw materials and makes carbohydrate molecules

Question 42

producer/autotroph

Answer 42

organism (like chlorophyl) takes simple molecules and makes more complex ones

Question 43

consumer 1st level

Answer 43

only eats producer so is a herbivores

Question 44

consumer 2ed level

Answer 44

eats 1st consumer and can eat producer. can only be carnivore and sometimes omnivore

Question 45

omnivore

Answer 45

eats meat and plants

Question 46

detritivore

Answer 46

sort of like decomposer eats fragments of dead organisms

Question 47

decomposers

Answer 47

hererotroph that brakes down organic material and uses the decomposition of it to supply it's self with energy

Question 48

food web

Answer 48

complex interconnection of all food chains in an ecosystem

Question 49

trophic level

Answer 49

each level in a food chain

Question 50

krill

Answer 50

tiny shrimp like animals that are important to the Antarctic food web

Question 51

causes for collapse of Antarctic food web

Answer 51

shortege of krill and most fish And penguins eat them

Question 52

ecological pyramid

Answer 52

graphic representation of the relative energy value in each trophic level

Question 53

biomass

Answer 53

estimate of of amount of living material in a organism

Question 54

atmosphere

Answer 54

gasses envelopment surrounding earth