Ch.1 Intro to Human Beh. and The Social Environment

Question 1

Social Work has three major components:

Answer 1

1. Social workers can help people solve their problems and cope with their situations
2. Social Workers can work with systems (social agencies, organizations, communities, and government bureaucracies
3. Social Workers can link people with systems

Question 2

Much of Social Work involves

Answer 2

social functioning

Question 3

Social Work targets how individuals behave and

Answer 3

how other systems and people affect each other

Question 4

Social Work practice consists of…

Answer 4

• helping people obtain tangible services
• providing counseling and psychotherapy for individuals, families, and groups
• helping communities or groups provide or improve social and health services
• participating in relevant legislative processes

Question 5

What is necessary in order to make effective decisions about how to proceed a situation

Answer 5

careful thought

Question 6

involves basic knowledge and assumptions about human behavior

Answer 6

assessment

Question 7

a practitioner is one who uses a wide range of knowledge and skills to help people with an extensive array of problems and issues

Answer 7

a generalist practitioner

Question 8

what should social workers do when clients come to them with a problem?

Answer 8

identify alternatives and positive and negative consequences of each alternative

Question 9

what type of approach do social workers use when working with individuals, families, groups, organizations and communities

Answer 9

problem-solving approach

Question 10

understanding and assessing human behavior includes being knowledgeable about…

Answer 10

human development

Question 11

blank and theories concern the physical aspects of a person’s life

Answer 11

biological development

Question 12

blank and theories emphasize individuals’ functioning and cognitive or thought processes

Answer 12

psychological development

Question 13

blank and theories address people’s interaction with others around them in the social environment

Answer 13

social development

Question 14

a theory that predicts that others will become increasingly isolated and detached from society

Answer 14

disengagement theory

Question 15

what are the typical developmental milestones?

Answer 15

motor development, personality development, motivation, social development, learning

Question 16

what does the term typical mean

Answer 16

used to refer to levels of functioning that are considered appropriate for a particular age level

Question 17

typical developmental milestones provide…

Answer 17

a baseline for assessing human behavior

Question 18

what are important concepts for understanding human behavior?

Answer 18

• human diversity
• cultural competency
• oppression
• population at risk

Question 19

vast range of differences among groups

Answer 19

human diversity

Question 20

the act of treating people differently bc they belong to some group rather than on merit

Answer 20

discrimination

Question 21

involves putting unfair and extreme limitations and constraints on members of an identified group

Answer 21

oppression

Question 22

any group of people who share some identifiable characteristic that places them at greater risk of social and economic deprivation and oppression than the general mainstream of society

Answer 22

population at risk

Question 23

the ability to achieve one’s goals despite the opposition of others

Answer 23

power

Question 24

entails specific rights or benefits enjoyed bc of elevated social, political, or economic status; often related to prestige

Answer 24

privilege

Question 25

the amount of social respect or standing given to an individual based on occupation

Answer 25

prestige

Question 26

enthusiastic approval or praise

Answer 26

acclaim

Question 27

what provides a certain set of environmental characteristics?

Answer 27

membership

Question 28

sensitivity to group differences is critical in...

Answer 28

understanding any individual behavior

Question 29

what are the 2 perspectives concerning sensitivity to group differences?

Answer 29

- the values or orientation of a particular group will affect how an individual behaves (how group members feel and choose to act) - directs attention to how other people and groups in the social environment view the group in question

Question 30

predetermined assumptions made without assessing facts

Answer 30

prejudgements

Question 31

standardized views about people who belong to some group that do not take into account individual qualities and differences

Answer 31

stereotypes

Question 32

what forms the basis of professional values?

Answer 32

awareness of how prejudgments and stereotypes affect people

Question 33

one of the foundation blocks of social work?

Answer 33

professional values

Question 34

the process of increasing interpersonal or political power so that individuals can take

Answer 34

empowerment

Question 35

a perspective on practice that provides ways of thinking about and doing practice

Answer 35

the empowerment approach

Question 36

focuses on client resources, capabilities, knowledge, abilities, motivations, experience, intelligence, and other positive qualities

Answer 36

the strengths perspective

Question 37

what are the 4 principles involved in the strengths perspective:

Answer 37

- every individual, group, family, and community has strengths - trauma and abuse, illness, and struggle may be injurious but they may also be sources of challenge and opportunity - assume that you do not know the upper limits of the capacity to grow and change and take individual, group, and community aspiration seriously - every environment is full of resources

Question 38

what are the multiple sources of strengths?

Answer 38

individual, family, group, community, organizational

Question 39

group of people who informally provide help and support

Answer 39

natural support network or helping network

Question 40

include educational background, work history, problem solving, decision making skills, personal qualities and characteristics, physical and financial resources and positive attitudes

Answer 40

individual strengths

Question 41

made up of people with similar problems or issues who comes together and provide each other with support

Answer 41

support groups

Question 42

ability of an individual, family, group, community, or organization to recover from adversity and resume functioning even when suffering serious trouble, confusion, or hardship

Answer 42

resiliency

Question 43

resiliency involves what 2 dimensions?

Answer 43

risk and protection

Question 44

include availability of organizations that provide resources, residents', expectations for appropriate and positive behavior, and opportunities for neighborhood youths to constructively participate in the community

Answer 44

community strengths

Question 45

perceptions and opinions held by individuals, professions and cultures about what is good and desirable

Answer 45

values

Question 46

principles based on values that guide behavior and determine what is right and correct

Answer 46

ethics

Question 47

what are the professional codes of ethics?

Answer 47

1. social workers primary goal is to help people in need to address social problems 2. social workers challenge social injustice 3. social workers respect the inherent dignity and worth of the person 4. social workers recognize the centered importance of human relationships 5. social workers behave in trustworthy manner 6. social workers practice within their areas of competence and develop and enhance their professional expertise

Question 48

situations in which ethical principles conflict and all solutions are imperfect

Answer 48

ethical dilemmas

Question 49

being trustworthy and keeping info in confidence

Answer 49

confidentiality

Question 50

careful examination and evaluation of beliefs and actions

Answer 50

critical thinking

Question 51

a coherent group of principles, concepts, and ideas organized to explain some observable occurrence or trend

Answer 51

theory

Question 52

incorporates concepts from both systems theories and the ecological perspective

Answer 52

ecosystems theory

Question 53

a foundation notion in social work practice and our basis for understanding the dynamics of human behavior -sees people as constantly interacting with various systems around them

Answer 53

person-in-environment

Question 54

set of elements that are orderly and interrelated to make a functional whole

Answer 54

system

Question 55

borders or margins that separate one entity from another

Answer 55

boundaries

Question 56

a subordinate system that is a component of a larger system

Answer 56

subsystem

Question 57

tendency for a system to maintain a relatively stable, constant state of balance

Answer 57

homeostasis

Question 58

culturally established social behavior and conduct expected of a person in any designated interpersonal relationship

Answer 58

role

Question 59

dynamic, interpersonal connection characterized by patterns of emotional exchange, communication, and behavioral interaction

Answer 59

relationship

Question 60

the response of a system, after receiving and processing input that affects other systems in the environment - result of the process

Answer 60

output

Question 61

specified variables that are measured for the purpose of evaluation -what is done

Answer 61

outcome

Question 62

a special form of input in which a system receives info about its own performance

Answer 62

feedback

Question 63

problematic function, the system can choose to correct any deviations or mistakes and return to a more homeostatic state

Answer 63

negative feedback

Question 64

valuable, involves a system's receiving info about what it is doing correctly in order to maintain itself and thrive

Answer 64

positive feedback

Question 65

point at which 2 systems come into contact with each other or communicate -not limited

Answer 65

interface

Question 66

a system's tendency to move from a simpler to a more complex existence

Answer 66

differentiation

Question 67

the tendency if a system to progress toward disorganization, depletion, and death

Answer 67

entropy

Question 68

process of a system toward growth and development individuals develop physically, intellectually, and emotionally as they grow

Answer 68

negative entropy

Question 69

refers to the fact that there are many different means to the same means

Answer 69

equifinality

Question 70

provides a more specific view of the world within a social work perspective

Answer 70

ecological approach

Question 71

involves the conditions, circumstances, and human interactions that encompass human beings

Answer 71

social environment

Question 72

composed of all the non human living things and living things that are naturally on earth

Answer 72

natural environment

Question 73

fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people

Answer 73

environmental justice

Question 74

active and dynamic because something is communicated or exchanged

Answer 74

transaction

Question 75

natural power of active involvement bw people and their environments -can take the form of input or output

Answer 75

energy

Question 76

exact point at which the interaction bw an individual and the environment takes place

Answer 76

interface in ecological perspective

Question 77

refers to the capacity to adjust to surrounding environmental conditions

Answer 77

adaptation

Question 78

form of adaptation that implies a struggle to overcome a problem

Answer 78

coping

Question 79

what are the 5 types of coping skills?

Answer 79

1. people need to solicit and obtain the types of info 2. people need to have coping skills for thinking about and planning for the future 3. coping skills involve controlling emotions 4. people need coping skills to control their needs for immediate gratification 5. coping skills involve identifying alternative ways of approaching a problematic situation and evaluating the pros and cons of each alternative

Question 80

final ecological concept, the mutual reliance of each person on each other person

Answer 80

interdependence

Question 81

involves focusing on an individuals needs, problems, and strengths

Answer 81

micro system

Question 82

refers to any small group

Answer 82

mezzo system

Question 83

refers to a system larger than a small group | -involves striving to improve the social and economic context in which people live

Answer 83

macro system

Question 84

number of people with something in common that connects them in some way and that distinguishes them from others

Answer 84

community

Question 85

structured groups of people who come together to work toward some mutual goal and perform established work activities that are divided among various units

Answer 85

organizations

Question 86

specific attempts to understand how organizations function

Answer 86

organizational theory

Question 87

what are the 2 components in the community theoretical framework?

Answer 87

- it involves perspectives on the nature of communities | - involves how social workers practice within the community context

Question 88

a worker who helps others articulate their needs, identify their problems...

Answer 88

enabler

Question 89

links individuals and groups who needs help with community services

Answer 89

broker

Question 90

directive role where the social workers represent a clients or citizens group

Answer 90

advocate

Question 91

process of helping increases strengths and influence

Answer 91

empowerer