CH1 Mastery Flashcards

(32 cards)

1
Q

Socioeconomic status SES

A

position people hold in community based on factors like income, education, occupation

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2
Q

ethnicity

A

person’s classification in or affiliation with a group based on common heritage or traditions

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3
Q

aging

A

collection of positive, negative and neutral changes in the mature organism

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4
Q

environment

A

set of conditions outside the person that are presumed to influence and be influenced by the individual

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5
Q

Learning

A

Relatively permanent change in behavior (or behav potential) that results from a persons experiences of practice

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6
Q

Culture

A

System of meanings shared by certain population that’s transmitted from one generation to the next

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7
Q

Genes

A

hereditary material passed from parents to child at conception

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8
Q

Development

A

Set of systematic changes in the individual occurring between conception and death

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9
Q

Maturation

A

Set of developmental changes biologically programmed by hereditary material rather than caused primarily by life experience

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10
Q

Life expectancy

A

Average number of years a newborn baby can be expected to live

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11
Q

Nature/Nurture Issue

A

Debate over relative roles of biological predispositions and environmental influences as determinants of human development

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12
Q

Evidence based practice

A

Research ensuring that the curricula and treatments provided have been demonstrated to be effective

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13
Q

Gerontology

A

Study of aging

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14
Q

Life Span Perspective

A

Outlook that development is longterm multidirectional process that is best viewed from a multidisciplinary approach

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15
Q

Plasticity

A

openness of brain cells or of the organism as a whole to positive and negative environmental influence

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16
Q

Neuroplasticity

A

Brain’s ability to change in response to experience throughout the lifespan

17
Q

Scientific Method

A

Attitude dictating that investigators must be objective and allow data to decide merits of their theorizing

18
Q

Theory

A

Set of concepts and propositions designed to organize, describe and explain a set of observations

19
Q

Hypothesis

A

Specific prediction about what will hold true if we observe a phenomenon

20
Q

Sample

A

Group of individuals chosen to be subjects of a study

21
Q

Population

A

Well-defined group that a researcher is interested in drawing conclusions about

22
Q

Random Sample

A

method of selecting a subgroup of study objects in unbiased way from larger population

23
Q

Naturalistic Observation

A

Research method in which scientists study subjects in common everyday activities in their natural habitats

24
Q

Structured observation

A

research method in which scientists create special conditions designed to elicit the behavior of interest

25
Case Study
in depth examination of an individual, typically carried out by compiling and analyzing info from various sources
26
Experiment
Research in which the investigator manipulates part of a person's environment to measure its effect on the individual
27
Correlational Method
Research technique that involves determining whether two or more variables are related
28
Cross sectional Design
developmental research in which different age groups are studied at the same point in time and compared
29
Cohort
Group of people born at the same time
30
Longitudinal Design
Developmental research in which one group of subjects is studied repeatedly over months or years
31
ethnocentrism
Belief that one's own cultural group is superior to others
32
research ethics
Set of moral principles that investigators are bound to honor to protect research participants from harm