Ch.1 Origins of Civilization

Question 1

CE

Answer 1

Common Era

Question 1

BCE

Answer 1

Before Common Era

Question 2

Before Christ (BC) originates from Christianity and is generally replaced by

Answer 2

Before Common Era (BCE)

Question 3

AD or “Year of the lord”

Answer 3

Anno Domini

Question 4

Anno Domino is generally replaced by

Answer 4

Common Era (CE)

Question 5

Human beings are members of a species?

Answer 5

hominids

Question 6

What is the earliest hominid ancestor of humankind?

Answer 6

Australopithecus

Question 7

When did the Australopithecus evolve?

Answer 7

3.9 billion years ago

Question 8

Australopithecus was most similar to?

Answer 8

Present-day Chimpanzees

Question 9

This descendant of the Australopithecus was the first hominid to walk upright?

Answer 9

Homo erectus

Question 10

The Australopithecus were the first to develop?

Answer 10

Tool-making technology
Made knives out of obsidian

Question 11

Which hominid descendent mastered the use of fire and when did they emerge?

Answer 11

Homo sapiens that emerged roughly 300,000 years ago

Question 12

Which two hominids were physically different but able to interbreed?

Answer 12

Neanderthals (homo sapiens)
Homo sapiens sapiens

Question 13

When did humans create agriculture, the deliberate cultivation of edible plants?

Answer 13

9,500 BCE

Question 14

In what known 4 regions did agriculture first develop?

Answer 14

Fertile Crescent which is in the Middle East

Northern China
Sub-Saharan Africa
West South America

Question 15

When did Northern China develop agriculture?

Answer 15

7000 BCE

Question 16

When did Sub-Saharan Africa develop agriculture?

Answer 16

5000 BCE

Question 17

When did Northern China develop agriculture?

Answer 17

4000 BCE

Question 18

When/where was crop rotation developed?

Answer 18

Fertile Crescent around 8000 BCE

Question 19

When/where was the plow developed?

Answer 19

Fertile Crescent around 5000 BCE

Question 20

When were dogs domesticated?

Answer 20

Roughly 20,000 BCE

Question 21

Where/when did the first towns exist?

Answer 21

Jericho, Palestine
Çatal Höyük, Turkey

Question 22

What is the earliest surviving literature?

Answer 22

The Epic of Gilgamesh

Question 23

Mesopotamia was located?

Answer 23

Eastern end of Fertile Crescent

Question 23

What was the theme of The Epic of Gilgamesh?

Answer 23

Human mortality

Question 23

What does Mesopotamia mean?

Answer 23

It's Greek for "between the rivers"

Question 24

Mesopotamia was in between what two main rivers?

Answer 24

Tigris and Euphrates

Question 25

Urban Mesopotamia existed around?

Answer 25

3000 BCE

Question 26

Where did the first true cities emerge?

Answer 26

Southern Mesopotamian region of Sumer Northern Mesopotamian region of Akkad

Question 27

What two languages were used in Sumer and Akkad?

Answer 27

Ancient Sumerian Akkadian

Question 28

What family of languages is Akkadian related?

Answer 28

Semitic Related to modern languages like Arabic and Hebrew.

Question 29

What/when is the name of the first early Sumerian city?

Answer 29

Uruk which was large by 3500 BCE

Question 30

Uruk had a population of roughly

Answer 30

50,000 people

Question 31

Why was Uruk important?

Answer 31

Major center for long-distance trade

Question 32

What/when was the earliest term for "king"?

Answer 32

Around 2500 BCE Ensis meaning representative of god who really ruled the city

Question 33

Around 3,000 BCE each city center created huge temples for worship called?

Answer 33

Ziggurat - step-pyramid

Question 34

Who/when was the first writing system invented?

Answer 34

Mesopotamians invented around 3,000 BCE

Question 35

First writing system invented

Answer 35

Cuneiform

Question 36

Pictographic system in which each word or idea was represented by a symbol but then evolved into syllabic symbols.

Answer 36

Cuneiform

Question 37

The first known author?

Answer 37

Sumerian high priestess Enheduanna Daughter of the great conqueror Sargon of Akkad

Question 38

Enheduanna served as high priestess of the goddess and god?

Answer 38

Goddess Inanna Nanna God of the moon

Question 39

The most substantial surviving law code?

Answer 39

Babylonian King Hammurabi around 1780 BCE

Question 40

The famous law by King Hammurabi

Answer 40

"if a man put the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out"

Question 41

When/who/where was the world's first true empire?

Answer 41

Around 2340 BCE and ended around 2200 BCE King Sargon the Great also known as Sargon of Akkad Conquered almost all of the major cities of Mesopotamia

Question 42

The second empire after the Sargon's Empire collapse was called and notable for?

Answer 42

Ur III Dynasty by King Ur-Nammu around 2112 BCE Complex system of bureaucracy to govern conquered cities.

Question 43

Bureaucracy means?

Answer 43

Rule by office

Question 44

The third known empire after the collapse of Ur III Dynasty was known for?

Answer 44

Great empire of Hammurabi Lasted from 1792 - 1595 BCE Recentered Mesopotamia to Babylon and made laws.

Question 45

The first domesticated horse comes from?

Answer 45

The steppes of Central Asia

Question 46

When/who/where was the earliest Chinese kingdom?

Answer 46

1900 BCE China's Xia Dynasty Yellow River region of Northern China

Question 47

Mesoamerica regions historical architectural evolution rooted from/when/where?

Answer 47

Olmecs civilization 1400 BCE Mesoamerica is the gulf coast of central Mexico

Question 48

The earliest Chinese writings?

Answer 48

Shang Dynasty 1600 thru 1046 BCE