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A&P > Ch1: Review Questions > Flashcards

Ch1: Review Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five stages of Homeostatic Control?

A

1 - stimulus
2 - receptor
3 - input - (afferent)
4 - output - (efferent)
5 - response

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2
Q

Systems - Integumentary

A

protects underlying organs from environment and synthesizes vitamin D

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3
Q

Systems - Muscular

A

directly causes mechanical motion

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4
Q

Systems - Skeletal

A

provides support and levers for muscles to pull

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5
Q

Systems - Nervous

A

response to environmental changes by transmitting electrical signals

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6
Q

Systems - Lymphatic

A

removes and filters excess fluid from tissues

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7
Q

Systems - Cardiovascular

A

delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues

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8
Q

Systems - Endocrine

A

Controls the body with chemical molecules called hormones

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9
Q

Systems - Immune

A

Produces antibodies that attach to foreign substances

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10
Q

Provide examples of positive feedback

A

used for blood clotting and childbirth

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11
Q

Provide examples of negative feedback

A

changes in blood glucose or blood pressure

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12
Q

What organs are in the Urinary system

A

kidneys, bladder, ureters

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13
Q

What organs are in the Endocrine system

A

Adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary

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14
Q

What organs are in the Digestive System?

A

esophagus, large intestine, rectum

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15
Q

What organs are in the cardiovascular system

A

Arteries, veins, heart

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16
Q

What organs are in the Resp System

A

Trachea, bronchi, alveoli

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17
Q

T/F: Positive feedback mechanisms tend to enhance the original stimulus

A

true

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18
Q

T/F: The anatomical position means the body is standing at attention with palms up and thumbs pointed away

A

true

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19
Q

T/F: the elbow is proximal to the shoulder

A

false

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20
Q

T/F: The part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum

A

true

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21
Q

T/F: major function of the serous membrane is to decrease friction

A

true

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22
Q

T/F: Lungs carry out an excretory function

A

true - gaseous waste

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23
Q

T/F: A tissue consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function

A

true

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24
Q

T/F: it is important for any organism to maintain its boundaries, so that its internal environment remains distinct from external

A

true

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25
T/F: Without some sort of negative feedback mechanism, it would be impossible to keep our body chemistry in balance
true
26
T/F: responsiveness or irritability is the ability to sense change in the environment and then response to them
true
27
an increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream is best described as
excretion of waste
28
avg body temp is
37 degrees celsius
29
if you consider your home air conditioner in terms of homeostasis, then the wall thermostat is
control center
30
What is the main, general purpose of the negative feedback
maintain homeostasis
31
What is the regional term for the hip region?
coxal
32
an oblique cut is?
diagonal between vertical and horizontal planes
33
the heart lies in the " " cavity
pericardial
34
the cavities housing the eyes are the " " cavity
orbital
35
a structure of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions is called " "
organ
36
" " cavities are spaces within joints
synovial
37
What is not a functional characteristic of life
decay
38
what term means toward or at the back of the body
dorsal
39
the single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60-80% of body weight is?
water
40
What is the back of the knee called?
popliteal
41
What is true concerning feedback mechanisms?
negative feedback works to prevent sudden changes within the body
42
a good example of positive feedback mechanism would be
enhancement of labor contractions
43
What describes a parasagittal plane?
any sagittal plane except in the midline
44
The parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane
lining the thoracic cavity
45
Which one of the following systems responds fastest to environmental stimuli
nervous
46
What statement is correct regarding homeostatic imbalance?
considered the cause of most disease
47
pollex refers to " "
thumb
48
the dorsal cavity is the site of which of the following
brain
49
what does the principle of complementarity of structures and functions mean?
structure determines function
50
the term that describes the neck region is?
cervical
51
The heart is " " to the arm
medial - because its inbetween or middle of the body comparatively
52
The " " cavity contains tiny bones that transmit sound vibrations to the organ of the inner ear
middle ear
53
" " is explained by chemical and physical principles and is concerned with the function of specific organs or organic systems
physiology
54
What is a dynamic equilibrium of your internal environment called?
homeostasis
55
Which cavity contains the bladder, reproductive, and the rectum called
pelvic (hypogastric)
56
What is the serous membrane that covers the intestines called?
visceral peritoneum
57
What is the broad term that covers all chemical reactions that occur with body cells?
metabolism
58
What is the function of the serous membranes
reduce friction and allow sliding
59
Describe the anatomical position for the human body
Standing upright palms facing forward
60
Can lungs carry out excretory functions?
Yes, removing carbon dioxide as metabolic waste
61
Why is anatomical terminology necessary?
prevents confusion when describing location of body parts
62
The ability to sense changes in the environment and respond to them is called
responsiveness or excitability
63
Why must a normal body temp be maintained?
if temp is too low body slows and stops, if its too high reactions speed up and body proteins lose their shape resulting in a crash
64
What is the pathway between the receptor and the control center in the reflex pathway called?
afferent
65
What type of homeostatic feedback reflex is the withdrawal reflex?
negative
66
Why is the abdominopelvic cavity the most vulnerable?
There is no bone present
67
What is the goal of the negative feedback mechanisms?
prevent sudden changes
68
What happens when usual negative feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed and destructive positive feedback take over?
risk of illness and changes associated with aging

A&P (5 decks)

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