Ch10 Cerebral Hemispheres

Question 1

MCA superior division includes

Answer 1

Arms, shoulder, face on the opposite side

Question 2

MCA superior division feeds

Answer 2

Broca’s area (Left SMCA);

Question 3

Broca’s area deals with

Answer 3

language expression (talking, writing)

Question 4

MCA inferior division feeds

Answer 4

body sensation and hearing; LEFT SMCA “Wernicke’s area”

Question 5

Wernicke’s area is resposible for

Answer 5

understanding language

Question 6

which MCA is more susceptible to high BP and bleeding hemorrhagic strokes

Answer 6

MCA deep territory

Question 7

MCA deep territory includes

Answer 7

lenticulostriae arteries- basal ganglia and internal capsule;

Question 8

MCA stem includes

Answer 8

all of the above problems

(superior, inferior, and deep)

Question 9

ACA effect

Answer 9

leg function _{(sensory and motor)}

confusion and mental changes, etc. _{(higher<br></br>order thinking)}

decision making skills

Question 10

PCA affect

Answer 10

occipital lobe _(vision)

inferior temporal lobes _{(short term memory; can’t make long term memories after that)}

Question 11

Warning Signs of Ischemia

Answer 11

F- Face – has face fallen on one side, _{can they smile?}
A- Arms – _{can they raise both arms and keep them there?}

S- Speech – _{is their speech slurred?}
T- Time – _{time to call 911, see any single one of these signs; timing – instantaneous is more likely a stroke}

Question 12

Transient Ischemic Attack is

Answer 12

Neurological deficit <24 hours duration

Question 13

Transient Ischemic Attack typically lasts about

Answer 13

10 minutes

Question 14

small clot which dissolves after 10 minutes is called

Answer 14

embolus

Question 15

what is found in vessel wall and causes vasospasm

Answer 15

thrombus

Question 16

Diagnosis will show TIA vs other neurological disorder by

Answer 16

vascular distribution of deficit

Question 17

Stroke symptoms

Answer 17

neurological deficit

headache

neck pain

possibly seizures

Question 18

Stroke’s 2 major categories

Answer 18

1. Hemorrhagic 15%
2. Ischemic 85% - thrombic or embolic

Question 19

Stationary clot is the cause of

Answer 19

Thrombic stroke

Question 20

Thrombic stroke symptoms progression

Answer 20

“gradual” couple of minutes compared to instant with other

Question 21

Thrombic stroke symptoms timing:

Answer 21

in morning when BP is low

Question 22

Thrombic stroke Deficits:

Answer 22

always the same distribution in repeated attacks

Question 23

Embolic stroke Symptoms progression:

Answer 23

deficits are maximum at onset

Question 24

Embolic stroke Symptoms timing:

Answer 24

sudden onset, with exercise

Question 25

Embolic stroke Deficits::

Answer 25

repeat events will be different locations

Question 26

Embolism Sources

Answer 26

1. **Air** – deep sea divers 2. **Septic** Emboli – from bacterial endocarditis (rheumatic fever) 3. **Cholesterol** emboli – from long bone fracture 4. **Cardiac** emboli from atherosclerosis

Question 27

Hypertensive Stroke is due to vascular changes of

Answer 27

hypertension and atherosclerosis

Question 28

Hypertensive Stroke Affected areas:

Answer 28

basal ganglia thalamus cerebellum or pons

Question 29

what causes the damage to the prevoius areas?

Answer 29

lenticulostriae arteries deep penetrating arteries

Question 30

Stroke Risk Factors includes

Answer 30

Hypertension Family history of stroke Diabetes Past history of stroke Hypercholesterolemia Heart disease or anomaly Cigarette smoking

Question 31

Carotid Artery Stenosis is due to

Answer 31

atherosclerosis

Question 32

Carotid Artery Stenosis affects which artries?

Answer 32

ACA MCA ophthalmic artery _{(ipsilateral one eye blindness)}

Question 33

Carotid Artery Stenosis signs may be revealed by

Answer 33

bruit

Question 34

Carotid dissection often presents with

Answer 34

ipsilateral turbulent sound with heart beat and Horner’s syndrome

Question 35

Vertebral artery dissection leads to

Answer 35

suboccipital headache posterior neck pain