Ch.11 - Race + Ethnicity

Question 1

Race

Answer 1

a socially constructed reality!!! acceptance of a specific construction

Question 2

Ethnic

Answer 2

on the basis of cultural / nationality characteristics (sense of community, ascribed status)

Question 3

Dominant Group

Answer 3

a racial/ethnic group that has the greatest power

Question 4

Subordinate Group

Answer 4

members are disadvantaged + subjected to unequal treatment

Question 5

power relations

Answer 5

the dominant group maintains its DOMINANCE @ the cost of the subordinate groups

Question 6

white privilege

Answer 6

social and economic advantages that white people have b/c of their race

Question 7

power from unearned privilege

Answer 7

permission to dominate / privilege to ignore less powerful people

Question 8

prejudice

Answer 8

a negative attitude based on false generalizations about members of specific groups

Question 9

stereotypes

Answer 9

overgeneralizations about the appearance, behavior, other characteristics of certain groups/people

Question 10

racism

Answer 10

attitudes, beliefs, practices used to justify the superior treatment of one racial group over another

Question 11

frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 11

trying to get rich/success but fail, then take this frustration out on others (like minorities)

Question 12

scapegoat

Answer 12

people/group used as a substitute for the actual source of frustration

Question 13

discrimination

Answer 13

actions/practices of people that cause a harmful effect on others

Question 14

institutional discrimination

Answer 14

day-day practices of organizations that have a harmful effect on minorities

Question 15

structural bias

Answer 15

systematic and institutional practices/policies that create and perpetuate inequalities

Question 16

assimilation

Answer 16

members of subordinate racial + ethnic groups become absorbed into dominant culture

Question 17

cultural assimilation

Answer 17

conforming to “white” traditions, culture, styles, and language

Question 18

structural assimilation

Answer 18

(integration) - newcomers being able to INTERACT w/ “regulars”

Question 19

biological assimilation

Answer 19

(amalgamation) - different cultures reproducing (japanese + brazilian)

Question 20

psychological assimilation

Answer 20

assimilation from the psyche/mind

Question 21

ethnic pluralism

Answer 21

coexistence of a variety of distinct racial/ethnic groups w/i one society

Question 22

segregation

Answer 22

spatial + social separation of people by race/ethnicity etcc

Question 23

De facto

Answer 23

people are segregated into separate areas by fact rather than by law/policy.

Question 24

De jure

Answer 24

legal segregation/separation of groups of people based on law

Question 25

the caste perspective

Answer 25

views racial + ethnic inequality as a permanent feature of U.S.

Question 26

the class perspective

Answer 26

the role of the capitalist class in racial exploitation

Question 27

internal colonialism

Answer 27

members of racial/ethnic group forcibly placed under economic/political control by a dominant group

Question 28

gendered racism

Answer 28

interactive effect of racism + sexism on exploitation of women of color

Question 29

theory of racial formation

Answer 29

actions of the gov't severely define racial relations in the U.S.

Question 30

critical race theory

Answer 30

racism is soo ingrained into U.S. society that it = NATURAL to many