ch15 exam 3 Flashcards
(18 cards)
reversible reaction
reaction that can proceed simultaneously in both the forward and reverse directions
dynamic equilibrium
condition in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
-can be called the equilibrium condition (no et change in amount of products or reactants)
equilibrium constant (Kc) formula (concentrations in molarity) with aA+bB=cC+dD
Kc= products over reactants!([C]^c[D]^d)/[A]^a[B]^b
Kp with aA+bB=cC+dD
Kp= products over reactants!!((PC)^c(PD)^d)/(PA)^a(PB^b)
Kp equation in relation with Kc
Kp=Kc(RT)^deltaN
R=0.08206
T=kelvin
deltaN= moles of gas products (-) moles of gas reactants
when writing Kc and Kp what do you include and what don’t you include?
include: (g) and (aq)
not include: (s) and (l)
if K»1 the reaction is
-product-favored
-moves and favors the FORWARD reaction
-concentration products> concentration reactants
if K«1 the reaction is
-reactant-favored
-equilibrium favors the REVERSE reaction
-concentration reactants> concentration of products
if K=1
-neither direction is favored
-forward reaction proceeds about halfway
homogeneous equilibria
-equilibria involving species with the same phase
-products and reactants are all gases
heterogeneous equilibria
equilibria involving species of more than one phase
how can we tell if something is at equilibrium or which direction it will go
reaction quotient (Q)
if Q<K
reaction proceeds forward
-products increase and reactants decrease to get to equilibrium
if Q>K
the reaction will proceed backwards
-products decrease and reactants increase to reach equilibrium
if Q=K
reaction at equilibrium
-products and reactants don’t change
if Q=0
the reaction mixture is only reactants and the reaction proceeds forward
-P/R–> 0/R
if Q= infinity
the reaction is just products and the reaction proceeds backwards
-P/R–> P/0
what is the rule of 100 and when can it be used
- 100 x K (equilibrium constant) < initial concentration
-if the K constant is very small
