Ch16

Question 1

2 features and functions of dendrite

Answer 1

Protein receptors on cell membrane: bind w neurotransmitter to transmit NI towards cell body

Highly branched: Receive neurotransmitter from more neurons

Question 2

2 features and functions of axon

Answer 2

Ends w synaptic knob: produce + release neurotransmitter
Covered by lipid (myelin sheath): Insulate nerve fiber, prevent transmission of NI to surrounding / speed up transmission of NI

Question 3

Function and significance of cytoplasm in neuron cell body

Answer 3

hold organelles and ions: medium for NI transmission

Question 4

Process of synaptic transmission (5)
Synaptic knob:
Synaptic vesicle presynaptic membrane:
Synaptic cleft:
Receptors on postsynaptic membrane:
Dendron:

Answer 4

NI conducted to syanaptic knob of pre-synaptic neuron
Synaptic vesicles migrate towards + fuse w presynaptic membranes, release neurotransmitter to synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitter diffuse across synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitter binds w receptors of postsynaptic membrane
stimulate to generate nerve impulse

Question 5

Causes of failure of synaptic transmission

Answer 5

insufficient receptors
insufficient neurotransmitter

Question 6

How to ensure unidirectional transmission of NI?

Answer 6

Synaptic vesicle containing neurotransmitter present only in endings of presynaptic axons. postsynaptic dendron has receptor.

Question 7

What happens to excess neurotransmitter during synaptic transmission?

Answer 7

leave the synapse by diffusion, reuptake, decompose action