Ch.2 Flashcards
(19 cards)
4 stages of development of gospels
Events of Jesus
Oral tradition
Written sources
Writing of the gospel themselves
Historical criticism
Trace the history of Jesus traditions through various stages
Historical criticism
Form criticism- Analyze the oral forms which were passed down through the early church
Source criticism- identify the written sources behind the gospels
Redaction criticism- the reason why gospel writers edited to make today’s Gospel
Augustine’s triangle
Matthew wrote first, Mark used and abbreviated Matt, Luke used both Matt and Mark
Goal of source criticism
Identify the sources behind the synoptic gospels and their relationship to each other
Markan priority
Make us the oldest Gospel and the Prototype for the other gospels
Reasons why scholars think the books used each other
Common material Verbal agreement Agreement in order Agreement in narrative Identical Old Testament quoted
Why mark is the original
Mark gives more detail than them Mark leaves out detail Matt and Luke either agree with Mark Mark has a rougher Greek style Mark states questionable readings Mark used Aramaic words Jesus used
Two source theory
Mark + Q
Griesbach hypothesis
J. J Griebach Matthew wrote first, Luke used Matt as a source Mark combined their two account Defended by William R. farmer Aka 2 gospel hypothesis
Evidence of Matthean Priority
- Church tradition- church assumed Matt was the first gospel
- Matthew Luke agreements against Mark
- lack of physical evident for Q
Caution on the synoptic problem
Source theories remain theories
For most people, Marian priority best explains the available evidence
The nature of other sources remains uncertain
The importance of eyewitness testimony and a strong oral tradition
Church tradition about authorship should be taken seriously
Form criticism
History of form
Goal was to go behind written sources and identify the earlier oral forms of the gospel tradition
Form
Mini genre, a particular type of story
Sitz im leben
Setting in life
Early church setting in which each form was used
Goals of form criticism
Classify and analyze forms
Determine church context in which the form was used
Trace the history of its development in the church
Positive contributions of form criticism
The importance of preaching the gospel in the early church
The importance of genre identification
The importance of individual pericopae
Weakened of form criticism
Presuppositions of nonhistoricitiy ad an anti supernatural bias
An exclusively oral period
Problems of classification
Goals of redaction criticism
How gospel writers edited their sources
To determine each authors purpose in writing
To identify the setting in life the author wrote
