Ch.2 key terms Flashcards
(38 cards)
Who is Adolf Meyer?
A Swiss physician who immigrated to the United States in 1892 and later became a professor of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University, expressing a point of view that formed the philosophical base of the profession.
What is the Affordable Care Act?
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), also referred to as ObamaCare, was signed into law on March 23, 2010, by President Barack Obama to address rising health care costs, shortage of providers, and lack of insurance.
What is the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA)?
In 1921, the membership voted to change the name of NSPOT to AOTA, allowing the profession to grow and evolve under this new name.
What is the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990?
A significant piece of legislation that provides civil rights to individuals with disabilities, guaranteeing equal access to employment, transportation, public accommodations, and more.
What was the Arts and Crafts Movement?
A movement opposed to machine production, seeking to restore ties between beautiful work and the worker through high standards of design and craftsmanship.
What was the intent of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA)?
To reduce Medicare spending, create incentives for managed care plans, encourage enrollment, and limit fee-for-service payments.
Who was Benjamin Rush?
A Quaker and the first physician to institute moral treatment practices.
What did the Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act provide?
Federal funds to states on a 50-50 matching basis for vocational rehabilitation services to civilians with physical disabilities.
What is deinstitutionalization?
A national plan to release clients from psychiatric institutions, made possible by the discovery of neuroleptic drugs in the mid-1950s.
What does the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 establish?
The right of all children to a free and appropriate education, including OT as a related service, requiring an individualized education program (IEP) for each student.
What is Eleanor Clarke Slagle known for?
She initiated her career in social work. Later, she directed the OT department Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic of John Hopkins Hospital and developed “habit training.” She is known as the mother of occupational therapy.
Who is Gary Kielhofner?
He provided evidence to support occupation-based practice and tools to evaluate clients, making MOHO the most evidence-based model of practice in OT.
Who is George Edward Barton?
An architect who incorporated the Boston Society of Arts and Craft. He opened the Consolation House in Clifton Springs where occupations/ arts and crafts were used as methods of treatment.
What is habit training?
A re-education program designed to overcome disorganized habits and construct new ones to restore and maintain health.
What does the Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Act do?
Extends provisions of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act to include children from 3 to 5 years old and initiates early intervention programs for children from birth to 3 years.
Who was Herbert Hall?
A physician who designed “work cure” as an alternative to “rest cure” while working with patients suffering from neurasthenia. He used arts and crafts to improve patients’ health and financial independence.
What does holistic mean in the context of Meyer’s perspective?
Seeing each person as a complete and unified whole, advocating for involvement in meaningful activity as a distinct human characteristic.
What does the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) require?
School districts to educate students with disabilities in the least restrictive environment and provide assistive technology devices and related services.
What is Medicare?
Enacted in 1965, it increased the demand for OT services by providing assistance to those 65 years or older or permanently disabled.
What is moral treatment?
Grounded in the philosophy that all people have a human right to compassion and kindness, seeking humane interventions through purposeful activity.
What was the National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy?
An association aimed at studying and advancing curative occupations for invalids and convalescents and promoting cooperation among OT societies.
Who was Philippe Pinel?
A physician in France who unchained patients in institutions, believing in treating people kindly and using activities to improve skills.
What is the Prospective Payment System (PPS)?
A nationwide schedule established by Medicare amendments delineating payment for each inpatient stay of a Medicare beneficiary.
What were reconstruction aides?
A program to rehabilitate injured soldiers for military duty or civilian jobs, including OT aides and vocational evaluators.
