Ch.2 Organization of Body, Body Cavities, Combining Forms of Color, Prefixes, Suffixes Flashcards
(48 cards)
cell
basic unit of all living things. the human body is composed of trillions on cells which vary in size and shape according to function
cell membrane
forms the boundary of the cell
cytoplasm
gel-like fluid inside the cell
nucleus
largest structure within the cell, usually spherical and centrally located; contains chromosomes for cellular reproduction & is the control center of the cell
chromosomes
(in the nucleus) There are 46 chromosomes in all normal human cells (except mature sex cells - 23)
genes
regions within the chromosome. Each chromosome has several thousand genes that determine hereditary characteristics
DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid) comprises each gene; genetic material that regulates activities of the cell
tissue
group of similar cells that perform a specific function
muscle tissue
composed of cells that have a special ability to contract, usually producing movement
nervous tissue
found in the nerves, spinal cord, and brain; responsible for coordinating and controlling body movements
epithelial tissue
the major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membranes that line body cavities and organs and is the major tissue in glands
organ
2+ kinds of tissues that together perform special body functions.
system
group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions.
Body Cavity: Cranial
space inside the skull (cranium) containing the brain
Body Cavity: Spinal
space inside the spinal column containing the spinal cord
Body Cavity: Thoracic, or Chest
space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi
Body Cavity: Abdominal
space containing the stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and ureters
Body Cavity: Pelvic
space containing the uniary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of small & large intestine, and rectum
Body Cavity: Abdominopelvic
both the pelvic & abdominal cavities
Combining Forms of Color: cyan/o
blue
Combining Forms of Color: erythr/o
red
Combining Forms of Color: leuk/o
white
Combining Forms of Color: xanth/o
yellow
Combining Forms of Color: chrom/o
color
