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chapter 23 nails > ch23 > Flashcards

ch23 Flashcards

1
Q

Identify a reason why the U.S Food and drug administration prohibited the use of methyl methacrylate(mma) on nails?

A

Because of the large number of consumer complaints of onycholysis (nail detaching from nail bed) resulting from the use of mma nail enhancements in the late 1970

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2
Q

Identify the chemical process that causes monomers to join to create very long chains

A

Polymerization is the chemical process that causes monomers to join to create very long chains

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3
Q

LIquid and powder nail enhancements are created by _______________.

A

combining monomer liquids with polymer powders to form the nail enhancements

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4
Q

A fill is __________________

A

a two- to three week maintenance service to fill in new growth areas with new product, rebalance the nail’s shape, perform needed repairs, and restore the enhancement original beauty

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5
Q

Liquid and powder nail ehancements

A

are created by combining a monomer with a polymer powder

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6
Q

amount of monomer liquid and polymer powder used to create a bead

A

mix ratio

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7
Q

Used on the natural nail before product application to prepare it for liquid and powder nail enhancements and to assist in adhesion

A

Nail Primer

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8
Q

A general term to describe nail files and buffers

A

abrasive

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9
Q

when artificial products pull away from the nail

A

Lifting

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10
Q

A number that classifies how coarse or fine a file or buffer is

A

grit

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11
Q

Store monomer liquid products seperate from polymer powder products

A
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12
Q

Never save used monomer liquid removed from the original container

A
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13
Q

Polymer powders should be stored _______________________

A

in a cool, dark place

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14
Q

How do you dispose of monomer liquid?

A

Carefully pour onto a very absorbent paper towel and place itin a plastic bag

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15
Q

Art that protrudes from the nail

A

3-D , three dimensional

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16
Q

What statement is true of nail art?

A

Nail art with monomer liquid and polymer powder offers a versatile palette

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17
Q

Which of the following statements is correct reharding nail art?

A

Liquid and powder nail art can be used over polih or any other hardened nail enhancement surface

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18
Q

Which describes a technique that sandwiches nail art between two product layers?

A

Inladi designs are those inside a nail inhancement, created by sandwhiching nail art between two product layers

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19
Q

Which of these techniques is used in the creation of 3-d nail art?

A

adding a topcoat to the polished nail with create a matte look when creating 3-d nail art

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20
Q

Two - three week maintenance service to rebalance the nails shape, perform needed repars, and restore the enhacements original beauty

A

Fill

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21
Q

The___________ should not be too heavy, should be comfortable in your hands, and have virtually no vibration

A

handpiece

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22
Q

_________ generate the most dust

A

sanders or sleeves

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23
Q

Made from either natural or synthetic diamong particles attached to the surface of metal bits

A

Diamond bits

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24
Q

Is the power in the filing machine or its ability to keep turning when applying pressure during filing

A

torque

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25
Q

Using an electic file will help to alleviate the strain on the technicians hand and wrist and can reduce ____________________

A

Cumulative Trauma Disorders

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26
Q

If your hand piece creates excessive vibration, you should have it serviced ________.

A

immediately

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27
Q

A ____________ is a teist and lock mechansim when changing the drill bits

A

chuck

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28
Q

A handheld _____________ has the power source and handpiece combined into a single unit

A

micromotor

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29
Q

With the typical micromotor machine the motor is actually located where?

A

inside the hand piece

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30
Q

The actual retail outlet or vendor is not as important as all the other factors

A
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31
Q

Repetitive motions can cause what?

A

cause pain, swelling, or injiry to the wrist , elbow, shoulderm arms or back.

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32
Q

Sanding bands generally are used for shortening and shaping the top surface of the nails, removing a gel sealant and filing calluses on the feet. They should not be used what?

A

They should not be used at the cuticle area, as they can eaily cause rings of fire damage to the nails.

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33
Q

Electric files purchased outside the nail industry are craft tools and can vibrate, as they are designed for what?

A

gladd , wood, and ceramics

34
Q

pedicure bits can be used where?

A

anywhere on the foot where there is callus , including the skin on the sides of the toenils and under the toes.

35
Q

What speed should pedicure bits be used?

A

pedicure bits should be used on a slow or medium speed.

36
Q

A nail technician who is adept with an electric file is likely to be able to achieve all except what?

A

uneven surface buffing- the electric file will allow for consistently even surfaces and shaping

37
Q

What can a wobbling or bent bit do?

A

Can harm that electric file, damage the clients nails, and may cause a nail tech to develop a (CTD) cumulative trauma disorder

38
Q

Less powerful electric files have less powerful motors and plastic handpieces, so you will work at _________.

A

higher speeds and use more pressure to shape the nails.

39
Q

Carbide bits are measured by ?

A

the number of flutes in each bit

40
Q

Grit is measured by?

A

by the particles of abrasive per square inch.

41
Q

What is an RPM?

A

Revolution per minute is the speed of an electric file

42
Q

Pedicure bits usually come with longer shanks and some have hollow centers to ensure that they do not heat up too quickly.

A
43
Q

What is microshattering?

A

When nail enhancements age with wear and become brittle with tiny cracks,

44
Q

When should an electric file on foot calluses be used?

A

An electric filing on foot calluses needs to be done when the foot is dry

45
Q

How should you hold your handpiece?

A

It is recommended that you hold your handpiece like a pencil for comfort and control.

46
Q

What causes microshattering?

A

Using bits that are too coarse.

47
Q

How long should a cleaned bit be immersed in an appropriate disinfection containers?

A

usually 10 minutes

48
Q

How should you balance your hands?

A

You should balance your hands using the pinky finger as the fulcrum finger.

49
Q

What are rings of fire?

A

Rings of fire are grooces carved into the nail by filing with bits at the incorrect angle.

50
Q

Where can a cone- shaped bit be used?

A

cone shaped bit can be used at the cuticle, underneath the nail, on top of the nail and to prep the cuticle area for a fill.

51
Q

How do you reduce the amount of heat created when using an electric file?

A

to reduce the heat created when using an electric file, it is recommended that you adjust the speed of the machine slightly higher.

52
Q

The term used to refer to service on ehnacements at two weeks or more following the initial application of the enhancement product.

A

maintenance (fill)

53
Q

What can vibration in a handpiece cause?

A

Vibration in a hanpiece could vause discomfort in the wrist and or hand. you will also want a handpiece with virtually no vibration

54
Q

When should reverse be needed?

A

the only time reverse is needed is if the nail technician is left handed.

55
Q

when using an electric file for surface work where is it recommended to start?

A

it is recommended you start on the right side of the nail and work across to the left side.

56
Q

What are common causes of microshattering?

A

common causes of microshattering include wear with age or improper, overly aggresive filing.

57
Q

What do buffing oils do?

A

Buffing oils can enhance your finished work by reducing the heat and holding dust on the surface of the bit.

58
Q

What is a solution to rings of fire?

A

reducing the amount of pressire applied during filing is a recommended solution to rings of fire.

59
Q

Why is dust extractor needed?

A

you should have a dust extractor running while you use an electric file to avoid excess dust particles.

60
Q

to prepare nail ehancements for a maintence service you should __________?

A

you shoulod use a medium grit bit to smooth old product in the growth area of the nail.

61
Q

identify a true statmement of polymer gels?

A

Polymer gels are thich - viscosity building gels that allow users more control during application because they dont soften until the technician pushes them back or brushes them into place

62
Q

Bulbs of a curing lamp must emit _______________ light at the proper intensity to cure light - cured gels.

A

Violet light

63
Q

On the visible light spectrum scale , the ____________.

A

The violet light needed to cure light cured gels is produced at around the 400 nm mark.

64
Q

which of the followings show an accurate comparision between ultraviolet florescent bulbs and led bulbs useing a curing lamp

A

some clients feel more comfortable wit gel services using led bulbs thatn the uv bulbs because of reduced light exposure.

65
Q

a way to control the heat spike when using a light cured gel on the nails to _________

A

remove the hand from the light for 5 to 10 seconds if the clients feels the increase in heat

66
Q

what is a difference between led and uv lights?

A

LED lights produce 365-405 nm of light; UV bulbs range 320-400 nm

67
Q

How long does a typical LED bulb last?

A

5 years or 50,000 hours

68
Q

which types of bulbs are used in curing lamps?

A

UV flourescent bulds, LED bulbs

69
Q

which curing lamp would have a power of 24 watts?

A

a lamp with six bulbs, each of which is 4 watts, a lamp wit four bulbs, each of which is 6 watts, a lamp with three bulbs each is 8 watts

70
Q

Which of the following are true of a curing lamp?

A

curinglamps are used to cure gel nail enhancements, curing lamps have bulbs that emit violet light at a particular intensity

71
Q

Which are also known as soak off gels?

A

soft gels are known as soak off gels

72
Q

Which gels can be removed with acetone?

A

soft gels, soak off gels

73
Q

what are also known as traditional gels?

A

hard gels

74
Q

which of the following statements is true of hard and or soft gels?

A

hard gels are strong enough to build nail extensions, both hard and soft gels use a variety of viscosities

75
Q

what are the two basic gel systems used in the nail industry?

A

hard gels and soft gels

76
Q

Thich viscosity gels used to build arches and extensions

A

building gels

77
Q

increase adhesion to the natural nail plate

A

bonding gels

78
Q

Do not soften until the technician pushes or brushes them into place

A

polymer gels

79
Q

sometimes solg as gel paint

A

pigmented gels

80
Q

a residue left after the gel cures, it can be removed with alchohol

A

inhibition layer

81
Q

During the service, the brush and all gels must be kept away from sunlight

A
82
Q

hard gels must be filed off with an electric or hand file

A

chapter 23 nails (1 decks)

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