ch23

Question 1

Identify a reason why the U.S Food and drug administration prohibited the use of methyl methacrylate(mma) on nails?

Answer 1

Because of the large number of consumer complaints of onycholysis (nail detaching from nail bed) resulting from the use of mma nail enhancements in the late 1970

Question 2

Identify the chemical process that causes monomers to join to create very long chains

Answer 2

Polymerization is the chemical process that causes monomers to join to create very long chains

Question 3

LIquid and powder nail enhancements are created by _______________.

Answer 3

combining monomer liquids with polymer powders to form the nail enhancements

Question 4

A fill is __________________

Answer 4

a two- to three week maintenance service to fill in new growth areas with new product, rebalance the nail’s shape, perform needed repairs, and restore the enhancement original beauty

Question 5

Liquid and powder nail ehancements

Answer 5

are created by combining a monomer with a polymer powder

Question 6

amount of monomer liquid and polymer powder used to create a bead

Answer 6

mix ratio

Question 7

Used on the natural nail before product application to prepare it for liquid and powder nail enhancements and to assist in adhesion

Answer 7

Nail Primer

Question 8

A general term to describe nail files and buffers

Answer 8

abrasive

Question 9

when artificial products pull away from the nail

Answer 9

Lifting

Question 10

A number that classifies how coarse or fine a file or buffer is

Answer 10

grit

Question 11

Store monomer liquid products seperate from polymer powder products

Question 12

Never save used monomer liquid removed from the original container

Question 13

Polymer powders should be stored _______________________

Answer 13

in a cool, dark place

Question 14

How do you dispose of monomer liquid?

Answer 14

Carefully pour onto a very absorbent paper towel and place itin a plastic bag

Question 15

Art that protrudes from the nail

Answer 15

3-D , three dimensional

Question 16

What statement is true of nail art?

Answer 16

Nail art with monomer liquid and polymer powder offers a versatile palette

Question 17

Which of the following statements is correct reharding nail art?

Answer 17

Liquid and powder nail art can be used over polih or any other hardened nail enhancement surface

Question 18

Which describes a technique that sandwiches nail art between two product layers?

Answer 18

Inladi designs are those inside a nail inhancement, created by sandwhiching nail art between two product layers

Question 19

Which of these techniques is used in the creation of 3-d nail art?

Answer 19

adding a topcoat to the polished nail with create a matte look when creating 3-d nail art

Question 20

Two - three week maintenance service to rebalance the nails shape, perform needed repars, and restore the enhacements original beauty

Answer 20

Fill

Question 21

The___________ should not be too heavy, should be comfortable in your hands, and have virtually no vibration

Answer 21

handpiece

Question 22

_________ generate the most dust

Answer 22

sanders or sleeves

Question 23

Made from either natural or synthetic diamong particles attached to the surface of metal bits

Answer 23

Diamond bits

Question 24

Is the power in the filing machine or its ability to keep turning when applying pressure during filing

Answer 24

torque

Question 25

Using an electic file will help to alleviate the strain on the technicians hand and wrist and can reduce ____________________

Answer 25

Cumulative Trauma Disorders

Question 26

If your hand piece creates excessive vibration, you should have it serviced ________.

Answer 26

immediately

Question 27

A ____________ is a teist and lock mechansim when changing the drill bits

Answer 27

chuck

Question 28

A handheld _____________ has the power source and handpiece combined into a single unit

Answer 28

micromotor

Question 29

With the typical micromotor machine the motor is actually located where?

Answer 29

inside the hand piece

Question 30

The actual retail outlet or vendor is not as important as all the other factors

Question 31

Repetitive motions can cause what?

Answer 31

cause pain, swelling, or injiry to the wrist , elbow, shoulderm arms or back.

Question 32

Sanding bands generally are used for shortening and shaping the top surface of the nails, removing a gel sealant and filing calluses on the feet. They should not be used what?

Answer 32

They should not be used at the cuticle area, as they can eaily cause rings of fire damage to the nails.

Question 33

Electric files purchased outside the nail industry are craft tools and can vibrate, as they are designed for what?

Answer 33

gladd , wood, and ceramics

Question 34

pedicure bits can be used where?

Answer 34

anywhere on the foot where there is callus , including the skin on the sides of the toenils and under the toes.

Question 35

What speed should pedicure bits be used?

Answer 35

pedicure bits should be used on a slow or medium speed.

Question 36

A nail technician who is adept with an electric file is likely to be able to achieve all except what?

Answer 36

uneven surface buffing- the electric file will allow for consistently even surfaces and shaping

Question 37

What can a wobbling or bent bit do?

Answer 37

Can harm that electric file, damage the clients nails, and may cause a nail tech to develop a (CTD) cumulative trauma disorder

Question 38

Less powerful electric files have less powerful motors and plastic handpieces, so you will work at _________.

Answer 38

higher speeds and use more pressure to shape the nails.

Question 39

Carbide bits are measured by ?

Answer 39

the number of flutes in each bit

Question 40

Grit is measured by?

Answer 40

by the particles of abrasive per square inch.

Question 41

What is an RPM?

Answer 41

Revolution per minute is the speed of an electric file

Question 42

Pedicure bits usually come with longer shanks and some have hollow centers to ensure that they do not heat up too quickly.

Question 43

What is microshattering?

Answer 43

When nail enhancements age with wear and become brittle with tiny cracks,

Question 44

When should an electric file on foot calluses be used?

Answer 44

An electric filing on foot calluses needs to be done when the foot is dry

Question 45

How should you hold your handpiece?

Answer 45

It is recommended that you hold your handpiece like a pencil for comfort and control.

Question 46

What causes microshattering?

Answer 46

Using bits that are too coarse.

Question 47

How long should a cleaned bit be immersed in an appropriate disinfection containers?

Answer 47

usually 10 minutes

Question 48

How should you balance your hands?

Answer 48

You should balance your hands using the pinky finger as the fulcrum finger.

Question 49

What are rings of fire?

Answer 49

Rings of fire are grooces carved into the nail by filing with bits at the incorrect angle.

Question 50

Where can a cone- shaped bit be used?

Answer 50

cone shaped bit can be used at the cuticle, underneath the nail, on top of the nail and to prep the cuticle area for a fill.

Question 51

How do you reduce the amount of heat created when using an electric file?

Answer 51

to reduce the heat created when using an electric file, it is recommended that you adjust the speed of the machine slightly higher.

Question 52

The term used to refer to service on ehnacements at two weeks or more following the initial application of the enhancement product.

Answer 52

maintenance (fill)

Question 53

What can vibration in a handpiece cause?

Answer 53

Vibration in a hanpiece could vause discomfort in the wrist and or hand. you will also want a handpiece with virtually no vibration

Question 54

When should reverse be needed?

Answer 54

the only time reverse is needed is if the nail technician is left handed.

Question 55

when using an electric file for surface work where is it recommended to start?

Answer 55

it is recommended you start on the right side of the nail and work across to the left side.

Question 56

What are common causes of microshattering?

Answer 56

common causes of microshattering include wear with age or improper, overly aggresive filing.

Question 57

What do buffing oils do?

Answer 57

Buffing oils can enhance your finished work by reducing the heat and holding dust on the surface of the bit.

Question 58

What is a solution to rings of fire?

Answer 58

reducing the amount of pressire applied during filing is a recommended solution to rings of fire.

Question 59

Why is dust extractor needed?

Answer 59

you should have a dust extractor running while you use an electric file to avoid excess dust particles.

Question 60

to prepare nail ehancements for a maintence service you should __________?

Answer 60

you shoulod use a medium grit bit to smooth old product in the growth area of the nail.

Question 61

identify a true statmement of polymer gels?

Answer 61

Polymer gels are thich - viscosity building gels that allow users more control during application because they dont soften until the technician pushes them back or brushes them into place

Question 62

Bulbs of a curing lamp must emit _______________ light at the proper intensity to cure light - cured gels.

Answer 62

Violet light

Question 63

On the visible light spectrum scale , the ____________.

Answer 63

The violet light needed to cure light cured gels is produced at around the 400 nm mark.

Question 64

which of the followings show an accurate comparision between ultraviolet florescent bulbs and led bulbs useing a curing lamp

Answer 64

some clients feel more comfortable wit gel services using led bulbs thatn the uv bulbs because of reduced light exposure.

Question 65

a way to control the heat spike when using a light cured gel on the nails to _________

Answer 65

remove the hand from the light for 5 to 10 seconds if the clients feels the increase in heat

Question 66

what is a difference between led and uv lights?

Answer 66

LED lights produce 365-405 nm of light; UV bulbs range 320-400 nm

Question 67

How long does a typical LED bulb last?

Answer 67

5 years or 50,000 hours

Question 68

which types of bulbs are used in curing lamps?

Answer 68

UV flourescent bulds, LED bulbs

Question 69

which curing lamp would have a power of 24 watts?

Answer 69

a lamp with six bulbs, each of which is 4 watts, a lamp wit four bulbs, each of which is 6 watts, a lamp with three bulbs each is 8 watts

Question 70

Which of the following are true of a curing lamp?

Answer 70

curinglamps are used to cure gel nail enhancements, curing lamps have bulbs that emit violet light at a particular intensity

Question 71

Which are also known as soak off gels?

Answer 71

soft gels are known as soak off gels

Question 72

Which gels can be removed with acetone?

Answer 72

soft gels, soak off gels

Question 73

what are also known as traditional gels?

Answer 73

hard gels

Question 74

which of the following statements is true of hard and or soft gels?

Answer 74

hard gels are strong enough to build nail extensions, both hard and soft gels use a variety of viscosities

Question 75

what are the two basic gel systems used in the nail industry?

Answer 75

hard gels and soft gels

Question 76

Thich viscosity gels used to build arches and extensions

Answer 76

building gels

Question 77

increase adhesion to the natural nail plate

Answer 77

bonding gels

Question 78

Do not soften until the technician pushes or brushes them into place

Answer 78

polymer gels

Question 79

sometimes solg as gel paint

Answer 79

pigmented gels

Question 80

a residue left after the gel cures, it can be removed with alchohol

Answer 80

inhibition layer

Question 81

During the service, the brush and all gels must be kept away from sunlight

Question 82

hard gels must be filed off with an electric or hand file