ch.23 respiratory system

Question 1

if the volume of the lungs increases, what happens to the air pressure inside the lungs?

Answer 1

it decreases

Question 2

what is the function of the nasal cavity?

Answer 2

1. filters air
2. Warm air
3. humidifies air
4. housing olfactory receptors

Question 3

what does henry’s law state?

Answer 3

the volume of gas that will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the solubility of the gas and the gas pressure

Question 4

what would increase the amount of oxygen discharged by hemoglobin to peripheral tissues?

Answer 4

decreased pH

Question 5

what is the largest cartilage of the larynx?

Answer 5

thyroid

Question 6

what is the smallest cartilage of the larynx?

Answer 6

cuneiform

Question 7

what does Dalton’s law state?

Answer 7

in a mixture of gases such as air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressure of the gases in the mixture

Question 8

if a patient inhales as deeply as possible and then exhales as much as possible the volume of air expelled would be a patient’s _________

Answer 8

vital capacity

Question 9

what is vital capacity?

Answer 9

is the maximum amount of air a person can exhale forcefully after taking a deep breath.

Question 10

what is tidal volume?

Answer 10

is the amount of air a person breathes in or out during a normal relaxed breathe

Question 11

what is reserve volume?

Answer 11

refers to the extra air a person can inhale (Inspiratory reserve volume) or exhale beyond the normal tidal breathing

Question 12

what is inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 12

inhale

Question 13

what is expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 13

exhale

Question 14

how many lobes does the right lung have?

Answer 14

3 lobes

Question 15

how many lobes does the left lung have?

Answer 15

two lobes

Question 16

what does the oropharynx do?

Answer 16

receives both air and food

Question 17

what is the function of nasopharynx?

Answer 17

1. sound of speech
2. houses that equalize ear pressure
3. passage for air travel

Question 18

most of the oxygen transported by the blood is_________

Answer 18

bound to the hemoglobin

Question 19

what is boyle’s law?

Answer 19

inversely proportional to the volume of the container

Question 20

what is quiet breathing?

Answer 20

automatic breathing to meet oxygen and carbon dioxide requirements.

Question 21

what is carbonic acid?

Answer 21

carbon dioxide and water

Question 22

what is the ringed shaped cartilage inferior to the thyroid cartilage?

Answer 22

cricoid

Question 23

hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is high is…

Answer 23

less then hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low

Question 24

the auditory tubes open to

Answer 24

nasopharynx

Question 25

what happens during decompressing sickness?

Answer 25

pressure decreases too fast and nitrogen gas in the blood forms bubbles.

Question 26

how many cartilages does the larynx have?

Answer 26

9

Question 27

what causes for vocal cords to thicken up?

Answer 27

Androgens (testosterone)

Question 28

where are the true vocal cords?

Answer 28

in the glottis

Question 29

where are the false vocal cords?

Answer 29

ventricular folds

Question 30

from where to where is the trachea?

Answer 30

larynx to T5 (spine)

Question 31

the four layers of the trachea (inner to outer)

Answer 31

1. mucosa
2. submucosa
3. hyaline cartilage
4. adventitia (anchors)

Question 32

what is the carina?

Answer 32

the internal ridge that divides the right and left primary bronchus

Question 33

bronchi in order

Answer 33

primary bronchus, secondary bronchus, tertiary, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

Question 34

sympathetic ANS

Answer 34

flight or fight
relaxation/dilation (allow more blood)

Question 35

parasympathetic ANS

Answer 35

rest mode
contraction/constriction (less blood)

Question 36

where is the cardiac notch?

Answer 36

left lung (makes smaller)

Question 37

parietal pleura

Answer 37

lines walls of thoracic cavity

Question 38

visceral pleura

Answer 38

cover lungs themselves