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A&P II > ch.24 digestive system > Flashcards

ch.24 digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

what organ is primarily responsible for water absorption?

A

small intestine

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2
Q

what are haustra?

A

expansible pouches of the colon

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3
Q

what are the functions of the tongue

A

aiding in speech
manipulation of food
the mechanical process of food
sensory analysis of food

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4
Q

what hormone stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach

A

gastrin

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5
Q

blockage if the common hepatic duct would interfere with the digestion of what?

A

fats

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6
Q

what are the products if fat transported initially by

A

lymphatic vessels

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7
Q

what does the pancreas produce?

A

lipases and amylase
nucleases
peptides and proteinases
sodium bicarbonate

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8
Q

what do parietal cells secrete?

A

hydrochloric acid

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9
Q

parietal

A

relating to body cavity

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10
Q

what does cholecystokinin do

A

causes the gallbladder to contract

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11
Q

what do the circular folds and intestinal villi do?

A

increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine

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12
Q

teeth with flattened crowns and prominent ridges that area adopted for crushing and grinding

A

molars

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13
Q

what is the portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum?

A

ileum

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14
Q

what is the jejunum of the small intestine?

A

the middle

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15
Q

what is the duodenum of the small intestine?

A

at the pylorus (stomach), the beginning of the small intestine

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16
Q

what does digestion refer to?

A

mechanical and chemical breakdown of the food

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17
Q

what is the pouchlike structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve?

A

the cecum

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18
Q

what do the G cells of the stomach secrete?

A

gastrin

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19
Q

what are also known as canines?

A

cuspids

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20
Q

carbohydrate digestion begins at the…

A

mouth

21
Q

what does the parotid gland do?

A

empties into the oral cavity at the level of the second upper molar

22
Q

where is bile stored?

A

gallbladder

23
Q

what does the pyloric sphincter do?

A

regulates gastric emptying

24
Q

what organ is responsible for the dehydration and compaction of the indigestible materials?

A

large colon

25
Q

what do chief secrete?

A

pepsinogen

26
Q

an enzyme that digests proteins into peptides

A

trypsin

27
Q

a disease that attacks and disables the myenteric plexus would______

A

decrease intestinal motility

28
Q

what is a accessory organ of digestion?

A

pancreas

29
Q

what digestive juice contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?

A

pancreatic juice

30
Q

how is the stomach different?

A

it has three layers of muscle in the muscular

31
Q

what is the fundus?

A

part of the stomach that is superior to the junction between the stomach and the esophagus

32
Q

what is the falciform ligament?

A

the structure that marks the division between the right and left lobes of the liver

33
Q

what is the intestinal hormone that gallbladder to release bile?

A

cholecystokinin

34
Q

what are the waves of muscular contraction that propel the contents of the digestive tract called?

A

peristalsis

35
Q

to which region of the stomach does the esophagus connect?

A

cardia

36
Q

the pylorus empties into the

A

duodenum

37
Q

what is the appendix?

A

a small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum

38
Q

what is the function of the large intestine?

A

reabsorption of water and compaction of the feces

39
Q

hydrochloric acid from the stomach is neutralized in the small intestine by what?

A

bicarbonate from the pancreas

40
Q

the part of the tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves

A

pulp cavity

41
Q

the region of the stomach that empties into the duodenum is the______

A

pylorus

42
Q

what does increased secretion by the salivary glands result from?

A

parasympathetic stimulation

43
Q

what does amylase digest?

A

polysaccharides

44
Q

what are the prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach called?

A

rugae

45
Q

what is the common bile duct?

A

the fusion of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct

46
Q

the crown of the tooth is covered by___________

A

enamel

47
Q

blade-shaped teeth that function in cutting or clipping

A

incisors

48
Q

what does pepsin digest?

A

proteins

49
Q

pointed teeth that are adapted for tearing and slashing

A

cuspids

A&P II (3 decks)

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