Ch3 - Anatomic positions and locations

Question 0

Anatomical position

Answer 0

Universally accepted position to describe regions and spatial relationships in the body; erect, feet together, hands at side with palms forward, thumbs facing away and fingers extended.

Question 1

Planes of motion

Answer 1

1) Sagittal plane
2) frontal plane
3) transverse plane

Question 2

Sagittal Plane

Answer 2

Divides body into right and left sides.

Question 3

Frontal plane

Answer 3

Aka coronal plane; divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.

Question 4

Transverse plane

Answer 4

Aka cross-sectional, axial, or horizontal plane; divides body into superior (higher/toward head) And inferior (lower/away from head) portions.

Question 10

Anterior

Answer 10

The front of the body; ventral

Question 11

Posertior

Answer 11

The back of the body; dorsal

Question 12

Superficial

Answer 12

Located close to or on the body surface

Question 13

Deep

Answer 13

Below the surface.

Question 14

Proximal

Answer 14

Closer to any reference point

Question 15

Distal

Answer 15

Farther from any reference point

Question 16

Superior

Answer 16

Toward the head; higher (cephalic)

Question 17

Inferior

Answer 17

Away from the head; lower (caudal)

Question 18

Medial

Answer 18

Toward the midline of the body.

Question 19

Lateral

Answer 19

Away from the midline of the body; to the side.

Question 20

Ipsilateral

Answer 20

On the same side

Question 21

Contralateral

Answer 21

On the opposite side.

Question 22

Unilateral

Answer 22

One side

Question 23

Bilateral

Answer 23

Both sides

Question 24

Prone

Answer 24

Lying face down

Question 25

Supine

Answer 25

Lying face up

Question 26

Valgus

Answer 26

Distal segment of a joint deviates laterally

Question 27

Leg

Answer 27

The region from the knee to the ankle

Question 28

Center of Gravity

Answer 28

Theoretical point where the weight force of the object can be considered to act. When standing the COG is approximately at the second sacral segment. Often used in relation so a performers balance. Ex: In sit-to-stand movement COG shifts over base of support when there is a transition from primarily horizontal to vertical or lifting motion.

Question 29

Varus

Answer 29

Distal segment of a joint deviates medially

Question 30

Arm

Answer 30

The region from the shoulder to the elbow.

Question 31

Forearm

Answer 31

The region from the elbow to the wrist

Question 32

Thigh

Answer 32

The region from the hip to the knee

Question 33

Kinesiology

Answer 33

Study for human movement and specifically evaluates muscles, joints and skeletal structures and their involvement in movement (Posture/body alignment, sports/exercise movement, daily work/living activities). Based on 3 fields of science: biomechanics, musculoskeletal anatomy, and neuromuscular physiology.

Question 34

Biomechanics

Answer 34

study of motion and science of motion of living things, using branch of physics know as mechanics. Forms basis for documenting human motion (Kinematics) and understanding the causes of that motion (Kinetics)

Question 35

Line of Gravity

Answer 35

Imaginary line passing through the COG and typically assessed in standing position. Helps define proper body alignment and posture using superficial landmarks from head to toe.

Question 36

Line of Gravity - Lateral View

Answer 36

Slightly posterior to the apex of the coronal suture, through the mastoid process, through the midcervical vertebral bodies, through the shoulder joint, through the midlumbar vertebral bodies, slightly posterior to the axis of the hip joint, slightly anterior to the axis of the knee joint, and slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus.

Question 37

Line of Gravity - Posterior View

Answer 37

Pass through the midline of the body and bilateral structures of the body such as the mastoid, shoulder, iliac crest, knee, and ankles should be in the same horizontal plane.