CH5 Developmental Disorders Flashcards by ZARISH M

Failure of process during cell division and differentiation into various tissues and structures
Identified clinically, by radiographic examination, biopsy or histologic examination

Developmental disorder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Present at birth-May be inherited or developmental, cause may be unknown

Congenital disorder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Caused by an abnormality in genetic makeup

Inherited disorder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Forms from the globular process

Premaxilla

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Form from the maxillary process; fuse with the premaxilla and creates Y-shaped pattern

Lateral palatine processes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Develops from 1st branchial arch

Body of the tongue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Forms from 2nd and 3rd branchial arches

Base of the tongue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Odontogenesis occurs in ___ week of life and involves ectoderm and ectomesenchyme

Begins with formation in each jaw of a band of ectoderm called the ______

5th week

“primary dental lamina”

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Does Cementogenesis occurs before or after crown formation is complete

After

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Shapes the root and induces root dentin

Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Root length is completed ____ years after eruption

1 to 4 years

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

An extensive adhesion of the tongue to the floor of the mouth

“Tongue tied “

Treatment: Frenectomy

Ankyloglossia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Epithelium-lined blind tracts located at the corners of the mouth (commissure)

No Treatment

Commissural Lip Pits

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A small mass of thyroid tissue located on the tongue

Lingual Thyroid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

An abnormal fluid-filled epithelium-lined sac or cavity

Developmental Cysts

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most common oral cyst

Radicular cyst (periapical cyst)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

True or False?

Developmental Cysts May cause expansion of bone

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cysts Occur within bone- generally occur as well circumscribed radiolucencies; may appear a unilocular or multilocular

Intraosseous cysts

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cysts Occur in soft tissue

Extraosseous cysts

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Forms around the crown of an unerupted or developing tooth
Most common around unerupted or impacted third molar

Dentigerous Cyst (Follicular Cyst - Odontogenic)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

True or False?

Removal of a Dentigerous Cyst (Follicular Cyst) has potential risk of cystic transformation into a neoplasm

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Found in the soft tissue around the crown of an erupting tooth

Eruption Cyst (Odontogenic)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A nonaggressive, cystic lesion lined by odontogenic epithelium

Closely resembles an ameloblastoma

Has a characteristic feature called ghost cells

Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst (COC)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Develops in place of a tooth

Most commonly in place of a third molar

Most often seen in young adults and discovered on radiographic examination

Primordial Cyst (Odontogenic)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most often seen in the mandibular third molar region Can move teeth and cause resorption

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC)

Most often seen in the mandibular cuspid and premolar area It is an asymptomatic, unilocular or multilocular radiolucent lesion on the lateral surface of a tooth root Botryoid odontogenic cyst = multilocular variant of _____ Most often in males

Lateral Periodontal Cyst (Intraosseous)

A ____ cyst has the same type of lining as the lateral periodontal cyst, but is located in the soft tissue

Gingival cyst

Microscopic appearance: Multicystic lesions Enlargement of bone (Posterior mandible & Anterior maxilla) Male and female 50 to 59 years Appears similar to ameloblastoma or odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) High recurrence rate

Glandular Odontogenic Cyst (GOC)

Located within the nasopalatine canal or the incisive papilla Males 40 to 60 years old Usually asymptomatic May see a small, pink bulge near the apices and between the roots of the maxillary central incisors on the lingual surface A well-defined, radiolucent lesion May be oval or heart-shaped

Nasopalatine Canal Cyst (Incisive Canal Cyst - Nonodontogenic Cyst)

A well-defined, pear-shaped radiolucency Located between the roots of the maxillary lateral incisor and cuspid

Globulomaxillary Cyst (Nonodontogenic Cyst)

A soft tissue cyst Thought to originate from the lower anterior portion of the nasolacrimal duct An expansion or swelling in the mucobuccal fold in the area of the maxillary canine and the floor of the nose

Nasolabial Cyst (Nonodontogenic Cyst)

Most commonly found in major salivary glands, intraorally on the floor of the mouth and the lateral borders of the tongue Appears as a pinkish-yellow raised nodule

Branchial Cleft Cyst (Lymphoepithelial Cyst - Nonodontogenic Cyst)

A raised nodule on the skin of the face or neck May be noted intraorally on occasion

Epidermal Cyst (Nonodontogenic Cyst)

Often present at birth or noted in young children Usually found on the floor of the mouth May cause tongue displacement May have a doughy consistency when palpated

Dermoid Cyst (Nonodontogenic Cyst)

Resembles a dermoid cyst + teeth, bone, muscles, and nerve tissue in the lesion wall

Benign Cystic Teratoma (Nonodontogenic Cyst)

Forms along the tract the thyroid gland follows in development Found in young individuals (<20 years of age)

Thyroglossal Tract (Duct) Cyst (Nonodontogenic Cyst)

Not true cysts because they are not lined by epithelium

Pseudocysts

An anatomic depression on the posterior lingual area of the mandible A well-defined, cystlike radiolucency may be observed in this radiograph of the posterior region of the mandible inferior to the mandibular canal

Static Bone Cyst (Lingual Mandibular Bone Cavity, Stafne Bone Cyst)

A pathologic cavity in bone that is not lined with epithelium May be associated with trauma A well-defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucency Characteristically shows scalloping around roots of teeth

Simple Bone Cyst (Traumatic Bone Cyst, Hemorrhagic Bone Cyst)

The congenital lack of teeth Total _____ is lack of all teeth May be associated with ectodermal dysplasia

Anodontia

The lack of one or more teeth The most common missing permanent teeth are: Mandibular and maxillary third molars, Maxillary lateral incisors, Mandibular second premolars The most common missing deciduous tooth is the mandibular incisor Tends to be familial

Hypodontia

Extra teeth May result from formation of extra tooth buds in the dental lamina or from splitting from existing tooth buds May occur in either deciduous or permanent dentition Most often seen in the maxilla

Supernumerary Teeth

The most common supernumerary tooth Located between the maxillary incisors May be inverted when seen on radiographs

Mesiodens (Supernumerary Teeth)

The second most common supernumerary tooth Located distal to the third molar

Distomolar (Supernumerary Teeth)

Multiple supernumerary teeth may be associated with cleidocranial dysplasia or _____ syndrome

Gardner syndrome

In which one or more teeth are smaller than normal

Microdontia

One or more teeth are larger than normal

Macrodontia

True or False? Microdontia: involving a single tooth is far more common Maxillary lateral incisor and maxillary third molar are the most commonly involved teeth

True

True generalized microdontia seen in a

Pituitary dwarf

True generalized macrodontia seen in cases of

Pituitary gigantism

A single tooth germ attempts to divide in two Appears as two crowns joined together by a notched incisal area Radiographically, usually one single root and one common pulp canal exist The patient has a full complement of teeth

Gemination

The union of two normally separate adjacent tooth germs Appears as a single large crown that occurs in place of two normal teeth Radiographically, either separate or fused roots and root canals are seen The patient is usually short one tooth

Fusion

Two adjacent teeth are united by cementum Usually discovered on radiograph

Concrescences

An abnormal curve or bend in the root of a tooth

Dilaceration

A small, spherical enamel projection on a root surface Usually found on maxillary molars Appears on a radiograph as a small, spherical radiopacity Removal may be necessary if there is perio involvement in the furcation

Enamel Pearl

An accessory cusp located in the cingulum area of a maxillary or mandibular permanent incisor Contains a pulp horn May interfere with occlusion

Talon Cusp

The teeth have elongated pulp chambers and short roots May occur in both deciduous and permanent dentition

Taurodontism

Occurs when the enamel organ turns the crown inside out or onto itself before mineralization It appears as a toothlike structure within a tooth Vulnerable to caries, pulpal infection, and necrosis

Dens in Dente

An accessory enamel cusp found on the occlusal tooth surface Most often seen on mandibular premolars May cause occlusal problems

Dens Evaginatus

May involve any tooth Most commonly, maxillary and mandibular third molars if multirooted teeth are involved May become clinically significant if removal or root canal treatment is necessary

Supernumerary Roots

One of most sensitive cell groups in the body

Ameloblasts

Any serious systemic disease or severe nutritional deficiency can produce _____

Enamel hypoplasia

True or False? Enamel hypoplasia of an adult tooth may result from infection of a deciduous tooth A single tooth is usually affected; it is referred to as a Turner tooth

True

True or False? Enamel Hypoplasia can caused by Febrile Illness or Vitamin Deficiency

True

Affected teeth exhibit a mottled discoloration of enamel

Enamel hypoplasia

True or False? Ingestion of water with two to three times the recommended amount leads to white flecks and chalky opaque areas of enamel Four times the recommended amount of fluoride causes brown or black staining

True

Mulberry molars have a berrylike appearance Hutchinson incisors are shaped like screwdrivers

Enamel Hypoplasia Resulting from Congenital Syphilis

True or False? Enamel hypoplasia may occur due to trauma or injury at the time of birth Even a mild illness or systemic problem can result in enamel hypoplasia

True

A developmental anomaly resulting in a disturbance in the maturation of the enamel matrix Usually appears as a chalky, white spot on the middle third of smooth crowns The underlying enamel may be soft and susceptible to caries

Enamel Hypocalcification

The result of deposition of substances circulating systemically during tooth development

Endogenous Staining of Teeth

Exhibit a marked reduction in radiodensity and a characteristic ghostlike appearance Very thin enamel and dentin are present

Regional Odontodysplasia (Ghost Teeth)

True or False? Impacted teeth cannot erupt because of an obstruction

True - Ankylosed teeth

True or False? Embedded teeth do not erupt because of lack of eruptive force

True - Ankylosed teeth

True or False? Partially impacted teeth are prone to infection

True

Tooth cementum fused to bone Prevents exfoliation of the deciduous tooth and eruption of the underlying adult tooth The _____ deciduous tooth appears submerged and has a different sound when percussed (a kind of dull thud) The periodontal ligament space is lacking Difficult to extract

Ankylosed Teeth