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Anatomy > Ch.9 - Articulations > Flashcards

Ch.9 - Articulations Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Structural classification of joints

How they’re held together

A

Bony fusion
Fibrous joints
Cartilaginous joints
Synovial joints

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2
Q

Functional classifications of joints

Degree of movement

A

Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis

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3
Q

What does synarthrosis mean?

A

Immovable joint

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4
Q

What does amphiarthrosis mean?

A

Slightly moveable joint

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5
Q

Diarthrosis definition

A

Freely moveable joint (only as free as permitted)

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6
Q

Type of bony fusion:

A

Synostosis

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7
Q

What degree of movement do bony fusions have?

A

Synarthrosis (immoveable)

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8
Q

What degree of movement do fibrous joints have?

A

Synarthrosis (immovable)

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9
Q

Types of fibrous joints

A

Suture
Gomphosis
Syndesmosis

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10
Q

Types of cartilaginous joints

A

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

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11
Q

Types of synovial joints

A

Monaxial
Biaxial
Triaxial

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12
Q

Describe a gomphosis fibrous joint

A

(dentoalveolar)
Synarthrosis joint
What roots teeth into gums

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13
Q

Example of Synostosis

A

Infant 2 frontal bones fuse into one bone

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14
Q

Describe Syndesmosis fibrous joint

A

Amphiarthrosis joint

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15
Q

What is the alveolar process?

A

Socks formed for teeth by the maxilla or mandible

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16
Q

Different names for joints

A

Articulations and arthrosis

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17
Q

What’s the movement of synchondrosis joints

A

Synarthrosis

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18
Q

What connects synchondrosis joints to bone?

A

Hyaline cartilage

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19
Q

Define Synostosis in synchondrosis joint

A

When epiphyseal plate becomes epiphyseal line

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20
Q

Describe a symphysis joint

A

In pelvis and between vertebrae, occur in midline of body

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21
Q

Movement of symphysis joints

A

Amphiarthrosis

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22
Q

What connects symphysis joints with bone

A

Pads of fibro cartilage

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23
Q

What is the articular capsule of a synovial joint

A

Fibrous capsule + synovial membrane, looks the same as periosteum

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24
Q

Where is the synovial fluid

A

Inside joint/synovial cavity

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25
Contents of synovial fluid
Macrophages, possible red blood cells
26
What's a bursae
Sacs full of synovial fluid, cushion soft parts of body (tendons) from hard parts (bone)
27
What connects muscle to bone
Tendon
28
What connects bone to bone
Ligament
29
What are tendon sheaths
Tube-like bursae that wrap tendons
30
What makes up a suture
Collagen fibers (dense fibrous connective tissue) w irregular interlocking edges
31
T/F: fibrous joints are found in the upper and lower extremities
F. Only in the bones of skull
32
What is a dentoalveolar joint?
Same as gomphosis fibrous joint
33
T/F: Syndesmosis joints can be found between skull bones
F. Found btw tibia/fibula + radius/ulna
34
T/F: it's impossible for long bones to have more than one epiphyses
F
35
T/f: your bones stop growing at a certain age
F. There's appositional growth all throughout your life
36
What connects synchondrosis cartilaginous joints to bone?
Hyaline cartilage
37
What is Synostosis joint
In long bones When epiphyseal plate becomes epiphyseal line (bony fusion)
38
Where are symphysis joints found
Along midline of body
39
What connects symphysis cartilaginous joints to bone
Pads of fibrocartilage
40
Example of location of symphysis cartilaginous joints
In pelvic girdle, btw vertebrae
41
What's the mental symphysis
fibrocartilage Union of 2 halves of infant mandible, ossified during 1st year
42
Where to find bursae
Btw skin/bone, tendons/bone, muscle/bone, ligaments/bone Btw tendon of shoulder and clavicle
43
Describe carpal tunnel syndrome
Inflammation of tendon sheaths
44
Where to find tendon sheaths
Small, complicated areas: wrist, toes, fingers, shoulder
45
T/f: flextime is an increase in angle between articulating bones
F. It decreases angle | Arm during flexing biceps
46
T/f: extension is an increase in angle btw articulating bones
T | Anatomical position
47
T/f: hyperextention is pathological
F It's just continuous extension beyond anatomical position Ex) tilting head up at sky
48
T/f: abduction is movement of bone away from midline
T
49
T/f: addiction is movement of bone away from midline
F Addiction moves bone towards midline (Add.. To body thickness)
50
Describe circumduction of synovial joints
Moving distal end of body part in circle | Ex) arm abducted and moving in circle
51
T/f: rotation of synovial joint is revolving bone around its horizontal axis
F Rotation moves around longitudinal axis Ex) shake head no
52
What does depression of a synovial joint look like?
Mouth open
53
What does elevation of synovial joint look like
Close mouth
54
What's protraction of synovial joint look like
Underbite w teeth
55
What's medial rotation look like
Hold stomach, elbow out
56
What's lateral rotation look like
Hold hand out, elbow in
57
Where are IV discs found
Btw vertebrae
58
What makes up IV discs
Fibrous cartilage
59
What's an osteophyte
Spur on vertebrae that sticks into bone
60
What makes up TMJ?
Mandibular fossa of zygomatic process of temporal bone and condylar process
61
Define border movements
Farthest extents of movements allowed by joint, defined by ligaments
62
What ligaments allow movement of mandible?
Sphenomandibular + Stylomandibular
63
Where does sphenomandibular ligament attach
Spine of sphenoid bone and mandible
64
Where does Stylomandibular ligament attach
Styloid process of temporal bone + Mandible
65
Where is the synovial cavity of TMJ
Btw external auditory meatus and mandible
66
What makes up synovial cavity of TMJ
``` Superior compartment + Articular disc + Inferior compartment ```
67
What lines the superior and inferior compartments of synovial cavity
Synovial membrane
68
What makes up articular disc
Fibrocartilage
69
T/F: superior compartment of synovial cavity allows for pure rotation of condylar head
F | Inferior compartment allows it
70
T/F: articular disc moves backwards when you open your mouth
F | It moves forward in the mandibular fossa
71
Describe TMJ dysfunction
Articular disc slips out from btw condylar process of mandible + zygomatic process of temporal bone
72
Where is articular disc in jaw open lock
In front of where it's supposed to be, blocks condylar process behind it
73
Where is the articular disc in jaw closed lock
Behind where it's supposed to be

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