Chambers of the Heart

Question 1

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Answer 1

Right and left atria

Right and left ventricle

Question 2

The right atrium forms the right border of the heart and receives _______ (1 word) blood from the SVC, IVC and ________________ (2 words)

Answer 2

Venous

Coronary Sinus

Question 3

Definition: Ear-like, small, conical muscular pouch that projects from the right atrium, increasing the capacity of the atrium that overlaps the ascending aorta.
Word: ______________ (2 words)

Answer 3

Right auricle

Question 4

What represents the right auricle in adults?

Answer 4

Primordial atrium

Question 5

The definitive atrium is enlarged by incorporating most of the _____________________ (3 words)

Answer 5

embryonic venous sinus

Question 6

Where does the coronary sinus lie and where is the blood received from?

Answer 6

Lies in the posterior part of the coronary sulcus and receives blood from the cardiac veins

Question 7

The coronary sinus is also a derivative of the __________________ (3 words)

Answer 7

embryonic venous sinus

Question 8

What is the sinus venarum of the adult right atrium?

Answer 8

The part of the venous sinus incorporated into the primordial atrium; is smooth walled.

Question 9

What is the sulcus terminalis?

Answer 9

The separation between the primordial atrium and the sinus venarum indicated externally

Question 10

What is the crista terminalis?

Answer 10

The separation between the primordial atrium and the sinus venarum indicated internally

Question 11

What is the interior of the right atrium composed of?

Answer 11

A smooth, thin-walled posterior part (the sinus venarum) where the SVC,IVC and the coronary sinus open bringing poorly oxygenated blood into the heart

Question 12

What is the pectinate muscles?

Answer 12

A rough muscular wall

Question 13

Where does the opening of the SVC go to?

Answer 13

Its superior part at the level of the right 3rd costal cartilage

Question 14

The opening of the IVC goes where?

Answer 14

Into the inferior part, almost in line with the SVC at approximately the level of the 5th costal cartilage

Question 15

Where is the opening of the coronary sinus?

Answer 15

Between the right atrioventricular (AV) orifice and the IVC orifice

Question 16

What is the purpose of the right AV orifice?

Answer 16

Its through which the right atrium discharges the poorly oxygenated blood into the right ventricle during ventricular relaxation (diastole).

Question 17

What is the Interatrial septum?

Answer 17

Separating the atrial, has an oval, thumbprint-size depression, the oval fossa; a remnant of the oval foramen and its valve in the fetus.

Question 18

Which chamber forms the largest part of the anterior surface of the heart, a small part of the diaphragmatic surface and almost the entire inferior border of the heart?

Answer 18

Right ventricle

Question 19

In which anatomical direction does the right ventricle taper into an arterial cone?

Answer 19

Superiorly

Question 20

What is the name of the arterial cone?

Answer 20

Conus arteriosus (infundibulum)

Question 21

What are the irregular muscular elevations in the interior of the right ventricle called?

Answer 21

Trabeculae carneae

Question 22

What is a supraventricular crest?

Answer 22

A thick muscular ridge that separates the ridged muscular wall of the inflow part of the chamber from the smooth wall of the conus arteriosus or outflow part of the right ventricle

Question 23

What is the role of the right AV (tricuspid) orifice?

Answer 23

It is an inflow part of the right ventricle that receives blood from the right atrium.

Question 24

Where is the right AV (tricuspid) orifice located?

Answer 24

Posterior to the body of the sternum at the level of the 4th and 5th intercostal spaces

Question 25

The right AV orifice is surrounded by a _________ ring that resists the dilation that might otherwise result from blood being forced through it at varying pressures

Answer 25

Fibrous

Question 26

________________ (2 words) attach to the free edges and ventricular surfaces of the anterior, posterior and septal cusps.

Answer 26

Tendinous cords

Question 27

What is the role of the papillary muscles?

Answer 27

Form conical projections with their bases attached to the ventricular wall and tendinous cords arising from their apices.

Question 28

How many papillary muscles are there in the right ventricle? Name them.

Answer 28

3; anterior, posterior and septal

Question 29

What is the interventricular (IV) septum?

Answer 29

Its a membranous and muscular part that is strong and obliquely placed between the right and left ventricles

Question 30

Which part of the IV septum is thin and continuous with fibrous skeleton of the heart?

Answer 30

Superoposterior membranous

Question 31

Which part of the IV septum is thick and bulges into the cavity of the right ventricle because of high blood pressure in the left ventricle?

Answer 31

Muscular part

Question 32

What is the septomarginal trabecula?

Answer 32

A curved muscular bundle that runs from the inferior part of the IV septum to the base of the anterior papillary muscle

Question 33

Why is the septomarginal trabecula considered important?

Answer 33

It carries parts of the right bundle branches of the AV bundle of the conducting system of the heart to the anterior papillary muscle.