Champagne Flashcards
(213 cards)
1
Q
Who produces Dom Perignon?
A
Moet et Chandon
1
Q
When is Transvasage used?
A
For bottling Champagne in bottles under 375ml and over 3L.
Transfer method
2
Q
What is a muselet?
A
Wire Cage
2
Q
What does RM stand for?
A
Recoltant Manipulant-
A grower-producer who makes Champagne from estate-grown fruit. 95% of the grapes must originate in the producer’s own vineyards.
3
Q
List the Champagne bottle sizes and their corresponding names.
A
Quarter bottle (Piccolo) - 187ml
Half bottle (Demi) - 375ml
Bottle - 750ml
Magnum - 1.5L (2 bottles)
Jerobaum - 3L (4 bottles)
Rehobaum - 4.5L (discontinued 1989)
Methuselah - 6L (8 bottles)
Salamanzar - 9L (12 bottles)
Balthazar - 12L (16 bottles)
Nebuchadnezzar - 15L (20 bottles)
Solomon - 18L (24 bottles)
4
Q
liqueur de tirage?
A
a mixture of still wine, yeasts, sugar, and fining agents that will serve to ignite the second fermentation
4
Q
Autolysis?
A
the breakdown of dead yeast cells, forms sediment, or lees, in the bottle as second fermentation occurs
5
Q
Which of the following producers does not release a Special Club bottling?
Charles Heidsieck
Paul Bara
Gaston Chiquet
Marc Hébrart
Pierre Gimmonet
A
Charles Heidsieck
5
Q
What is a bouvreux?
A
A second crop, generally left on the vine at harvest
5
Q
What is an autoclave?
A
Pressurized tank used in the production of Sparkling wine in the Charmat method.
6
Q
Prior to remuage, Champagne bottles are kept in a horizontal, or sur_____________ position.
A
latte
7
Q
Sur pointe?
A
Bottle of Champagne facing upside down
7
Q
What does NM stand for?
A
Negociant Manipulant-
A house that purchases grapes and or base wines from growers and other smaller houses. Some NM houses own a significant portion of their own vineyards; others own none at all. Large Champagne houses with the most international presence are invariably in this category: Moët et Chandon, Louis Roederer, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, Billecart-Salmon, Lanson, Taittinger, Pol Roger, Perrier-Jouët, Mumm, and Laurent-Perrier. Quality varies widely, although prices are uniformly high. Many houses often fall under the same corporate parentage; for example, Moët et Chandon, Krug, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, and Mercier fall under the umbrella of the luxury conglomerate LVMH.
8
Q
Which sparkling wine method involves a single fermentation that begins in tank but concludes in the bottle?
A
Method Ancestrale
9
Q
Who produces Cuvee Louise?
A
Pommery
Brut 60% Chardonnay 40% Pinot Noir
10
Q
How long must a NV wine age on the lees in bottle before degorgement?
A
12 months minimum
11
Q
Belemnite and _____________, named for fossilized sea urchins, are the two main types of chalk soils in Champagne.
A
micraster
12
Q
What are the 2 AOPs within Champagne that produce still wine?
A
Coteaux Champenois
Rose de Riceys- 100% Pinot Noir made in a rose style coming from the Riceys village within Aube
13
Q
Who makes Nec Plus Ultra?
A
Bruno Paillard
(Chardonnay and Pinot Noir 1990)
14
Q
For which bottle size is the Transvasage Method permitted in Champagne?
A
187ml
14
Q
What does RC stand for?
A
Recoltant Cooperateur-
A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative, but sells the wine under his own label.
16
Q
In the past, Champagne producers performed a process called ___________ during lees aging, in which the bottles would be briskly shaken to prevent sediment from sticking to the glass.
A
Pointage or Poignetage
18
Q
Who makes Blanc de Millenaires?
A
Charles Heidsieck- Reims
100% Chardonnay 1983
19
Q
What is a matriculation number?
A
a code assigned to each producer by the CIVC
20
What is the dosage?
An addition of sugar and wine that determines the wine's final sweetness
21
What percent of a year's total harvest may be sold as vintage Champagne.
80%
21
Name 3 AOPs produce sparkling wine in the Methode Ancestrale *(rurale)?*
Bugey- Cerdon
Clairette de Die Methode Ancestrale
Gaillac Mousseux Gaillacoise
22
Debourbage?
Settling of the must
24
What grape accounts for the largest acreage in Champagne?
Pinot Noir
26
What is the most southerly region in Champagne?
The Aube
27
By what method are Bugey Cerdon AOP wines produced?
Méthode Ancestrale
28
How long does nonvintage style Champagne have to stay in bottle before release?
15 months including the lees aging.
29
What is vin de cuvée?
The first 2,050 liters to be extracted from 4,000 kg of grapes
29
Which training method is not permitted in Champagne?
Gobelet
30
What are the Grand Crus of the Cote des Blancs?
-6-
Chouilly (added in 1985)
Oiry (added in 1985)
Cramant
Avize
Oger (added in 1985)
Le Mesnil-sur-Oger (added in 1985)
31
What are the Grand Crus of Montagne de Reims?
-9-
Sillery
Puisieulx
Beaumont-sur-Vesle
Verzenay
Mailly
Verzy (added in 1985)
Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonnay
32
What are the Grand Crus of the Valley du Marnes?
-2-
Ay
Tours sur Marne
34
Who are the CIVC?
Comité Interprofessional du Vin de Champagne
a powerful force in the complex mediation between the large Champagne houses and the numerous smaller growers from whom they source grapes.
35
Explain the Continuous method for sparkling wine production.
Developed in the USSR, this method is similar to the tank method, but the base wine is pumped through a series of interconnected (continuous) tanks while undergoing the second fermentation. Liqueur de tirage is constantly added to the wine, and lees accumulate in the first several tanks, offering a higher degree of autolyzed flavors than the standard tank method. The majority of German Sekt is produced by either the tank method or the continuous method.
36
Define Methode Ancestrale *(rurale)?*
A single fermentation begins in tank, but the wine is transferred to bottles before the process is complete—liqueur de tirage is unnecessary.
37
List the prestige cuvee for the following Champagne houses:
Moet et Chandon
Taittinger
Laurent Perrier
Louis Roederer
Perrier Jouet
Paul Roger
Ruinart
Veuve Cliquot-Ponsardin
**Moet et Chandon- Epernay**
Dom Perignon- Chard & Pinot Noir 1921
**Taittinger- Reims**
Comtes de Champagne BdB & Rose- 70% Pinot 30% Chardonnay 1952
**Laurent Perrier- Tours-sur-Marne**
Grand Siecle- typically NV 50/50 Chardonnay & Pinot Noir 1960
**Louis Roederer- Reims**
Cristal Brut & Brut Rose (Brut 55% Pinot 45% Chard) Produced 1876, not commerical until 1945 for Brut and 1974 for Rose
**Perrier Jouet- Epernay**
Belle Epoque (Fleur de Champagne)- Brut( 50% Chardonnay 45% Pinot Noir, 5% Pinot Meunier), Brut Rose, Blanc de Blanc styles made 1964
2002 was last vintage for Fleur de Champagne label
**Paul Roger- Epernay**
Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill- Pinot Noir and Chardonnay 1975
**Ruinart- Reims**
Dom Riunart- Blanc de Blanc (1959) and Rose (85% Chardonnay 15% Pinot Noir- 1966)
**Veuve Cliquot-Ponsardin-**
La Grand Dame
39
What has largely been replaced by the mechanized gyropalettes for use in the process of remuage?
Pupitres
40
Within the Echelle de Crus ranking how many grand cru and premier cru villages are there?
17 Grand Cru
42 Premier Cr
41
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the release of older vintages of base wine for use in assemblage.
Deblocage
42
What is the current legal residual sugar range for Extra Dry Champagne?
12-17 g/l
43
Where is the village of Ambonnay?
Montagne de Reims
44
What is dégorgement à la volée?
The release of sediment by removing the cap without freezing it. No longer used as you would also lose good juice in the process.
45
What is the modern method of degorgement?
a la glace- involves dipping the neck of the bottle in a freezing brine solution
46
What is dégorgement?
Expelling the sediment from the bottle after remuage
47
Who produces Rare?
Piper Heidsieck
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir 1976
49
What does "RM" indicate on a Champagne bottle?
The wine was produced by a grower-producer
50
Who makes Cuvee R Lalou?
G.H. Mumm- Reims
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir
Started in 1966 disc. 1985 revived 1998
52
Which villages were elevated to grand cru status in 1985?
-5-
Verzy
Chouilly
Oiry
Oger
Les Mesnil sur Oger
53
What is an ND?
Negociant Distributeur-
A middleman company that distributes Champagne it did not make
54
How are the vineyards of Montagne de Reims split as far as son exposure is concerned?
50/50
North and South facing slopes
55
When was the CIVC formally established?
1941
56
Name 4 grapes that are allowed in Champagne production but are not Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, or Pinor Meunier.
Pinot Gris
Arbane
Petit Meslier
Pinot Blanc Vrai
57
What does MA stand for?
Marque d’Acheteur-
“buyer’s own brand”, often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, that purchases Champagne and sells it under its own label.
58
What does SR stand for?
Societe de Recoltants-
A firm, not a co-operative, set up by a union of often related growers, who share resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands.
60
Champagne vineyards are best characterized by what type of soil?
Chalk
61
What are the sweetness levels for Champagne?
Extra Brut 0-6 g/l
Brut 0-12 g/l
Extra Dry 12-17 g/l
Sec 17-32 g/l
Demi-Sec 32-50 g/l
Doux 50+ g/l
From 2010 moving forward, producers are allowed a margin of +/- 3 grams per liter
62
What does CM stand for?
Cooperative Manipulant-
A growers’ co-operative that produces the wine under a single brand.
63
Rosé de Riceys AOP wines are produced in which region?
Cotes des Bars
64
# Define the following terms:
Remuage
Pupitre
Remuer
Gyropalette
Remuage- Riddling
Pupitre- A Frame wood stand that holds 60 bottles of Champagne
Remuer- Riddler
Gyropalette- Spanish invention that can hold and riddle up to 504 bottles. Has replaced riddling in all major Champagne houses
65
What is dosage, or liqueur d’expédition?
a liquid mixture of sugar syrup and wine
66
Give the tete de cuvee of Ayala, and it's approximate blend.
Perle d'Ayala is a blend of 80% Chardonnay and 20% Pinot Noir.
67
Give a tete de cuvee of Billecart Salmon, its blend, and its first vintage.
Grand Cuvee started in 1982, and is a 60% Pinot Noir, 40% Chardonnay blend.
68
What is the rose tete de cuvee of Billecart Salmon?
Cuvee Elisabeth Salmon, first vintage was 1988.
69
List three tete de cuvees of Bollinger.
Grand Annee, RD, and Vieilles Vignes Francaises.
70
What is the encepagemnet of Vieilles Vignes Francaises?
100% Pinot Noir
71
What was the first vintage for Vieilles Vignes Francaises?
1969
72
What is the tete de cuvee of Boizel?
Joyau de France, a Pinot Noir and Chardonnay blend begun in 1961.
73
Which house has the tete de cuvee Joyau de France?
Boizel of Epernay.
74
What is the tete du cuvee of Canard Duchene?
Charles VII, a NV in brut, blanc de blancs, brut rose, and blanc de noirs.
75
Charles VII is a tete de cuvee of which house?
Canard Duchene of Ludes.
76
What is the tete de cuvee of Comtes Audoin de Dampierre?
Prestige, it is 100% Chardonnay.
77
Who produces the tete de cuvee Prestige, and what is the blend?
It is by Comtes Audoin de Dampierre of Chenay, and it is 100% Chardonnay
78
What is the tete de cuvee of de Castellane?
Cuvee Commodore- DC'd
79
What is the tete de cuvee of de Meric?
Catherine de Medicis
80
Who produces the tete de cuvee Catherine de Medicis?
de Meric of Ay.
81
What is the original tete de cuvee of de Venoge?
Grand Vin de Princes, which was discontinued in 1994, and revived for the 2000 vintage.
82
What cuvee replaced Grand Vin des Princes?
Louis XV, produced in Brut and Extra Brut Rose.
83
Who produces Grand Vin des Princes?
de Venoge of Epernay.
84
Who produces Louis XV?
de Venoge of Epernay.
85
What is the tete de cuvee of Delamotte?
Nicolas Louis Delamotte (DC'd)- located in Mesnil-sur-Oger
86
What is the tete de cuvee of Deutz?
Cuvee William for Brut and Rose, and Amour de Deutz for Blanc de Blancs.
87
What is the blend of Amour de Deutz?
100% Chardonnay.
88
Who produces the tete de cuvee Amour de Deutz?
Deutz of Ay.
89
What is the tete de cuvee of Diebolt Vallois?
Fleur de Passion
90
What is the blend of Fleur de Passion?
100% Chardonnay
91
Who produces Fleur de Passion?
Diebolt Vallois of Cramant
92
What was the first vintage of Fleur de Passion?
1995
93
What is the tete de cuvee of Drappier?
Charles de Gaulle.
94
Who produces Charles de Gaulle?
Drappier of Urville in the Aube.
95
What is the tete de cuvee of Duval Leroy?
Femme de Champagne.
96
Who produces Femme de Champagne?
Duval Leroy of Vertus.
97
What is the tete de cuvee of Gosset?
Celebris, in Brut, Brut Rose, and Blanc de Blancs.
98
Who produces Celebris?
Gosset of Ay.
99
What is the tete de cuvee of Alfred Gratien?
Cuvee Paradis in Brut and Brut Rose.
100
Who produces Cuvee Paradis?
Alfred Gratien of Epernay.
101
What is the tete de cuvee of Charles Heidsieck?
Champagne Charlie, discontinued after the 1985. Now it is Blanc des Millenaires.
102
What was the first vintage of Blanc des Millenaires?
1983
103
Who makes Blancs des Millenaires and Champagne Charlie?
Charles Heidsieck of Reims.
104
What is the tete de cuvee of Henriot?
Cuvee des Enchanteleurs
105
Who produces cuvee des Enchanteleurs?
Henriot of Reims.
106
What is the tete de cuvee of Jacquart?
*Cuvee Alpha NV*;
Originally Brut de Nomine NV but it has been DC'd
107
What is the tete de cuvee of Jacquesson?
Grand Vin Signature, discontinued after the 2002 vintage.
108
Who produced Grand Vin Signature?
Jacquesson of Dizy.
109
What is the tete de cuvee of Lanson?
Noble, produced as a brut, brut rose and blanc de blancs.
110
What was the first vintage of Noble?
1979
111
What are the styles of Noble produced?
Brut, Blanc de Blancs and NV Rose.
112
Who produces the tete de cuvee Noble?
Lanson of Reims.
113
Who produces the tete de cuvee Extra Age NV?
Lanson of Reims.
114
When was the first release of Grand Siecle?
in 1960 as a non vintage blend.
115
Has vintage Grand Siecle been produced?
Yes, for the US market, for example the 1990. And Grand Siecle Cuvee Alexandra Rose is usually vintage dated.
116
Who produces Grand Siecle?
Laurent Perrier of Tours sur Marne.
117
What are the tete de cuvees of Lenoble?
Cuvee les Aventures and Cuvee Gentilhomme.
118
What is the blend for Cuvee les Aventures and Cuvee Gentilhomme?
both are 100% Chardonnay
119
Who produces the tete de cuvees Cuvee les Aventures and Cuvee Gentilhomme?
Lenoble of Chouilly.
120
Where is Moet and Chandon?
Epernay.
121
What is the tete de cuvee of Mumm?
Cuvee R Lalou.
122
When was the first vintage of R. Lalou?
in 1966, it was discontinued in 1985, and revived in 1998.
123
Who produces Cuvee R Lalou?
Mumm of Reims.
124
What is the tete de cuvee of Bruno Paillard?
Nec Plus Ultra
125
Who produces Nec Plus Ultra?
Bruno Paillard of Reims.
126
What is the tete de cuvee of Joseph Perrier?
Cuvee Josephine.
127
What is the blend of Cuvee Josephine?
mostly Chardonnay
128
Who makes Cuvee Josephine?
Joseph Perrier of Chalons sur Marne
129
What is the tete de cuvee of Perrier Jouet?
Belle Epoque, called Fleur de Champagne in the US.
Last vintage for Fleur de Champagne label was 2002
130
What are the styles produced of Fleur de Champagne?
Brut, Blanc de Blancs, and Brut Rose.
131
What was the first vintage of Belle Epoque?
1964
132
Who produces Belle Epoque?
Perrier Jouet of Epernay
133
What is the tete de cuvee of Piper Heidsieck?
Rare
134
What is the blend of Rare?
Pinot Noir and Chardonnay
135
What was the first vintage of Rare?
1976
136
Who produces Rare?
Piper Heidsieck of Reims
137
What is the tete de cuvee of Ployez Jacquemart?
Liesse d'Harbonville
138
Who produces Liesse d'Harbonville?
Ployez Jacquemart of Ludes
139
What was the first vintage for Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill?
1975, bottled in magnums exclusively.
140
Where is Pol Roger?
Epernay
141
What is the tete de cuvee of Pommery?
Cuvee Louise
142
What are the styles produced of cuvee Louise?
Brut and Brut Rose.
143
Who produces Cuvee Louise?
Pommery of Reims
144
What was the first vintage produced of Cristal?
1876
145
What was the first commercial vintage of Cristal?
1945
146
What was the first vintage of Cristal Rose?
1974
147
Where is Louis Roederer?
Reims
148
What are the styles produced of Dom Ruinart?
Blanc de Blancs and Brut Rose.
149
What was the first vintage of Dom Ruinart?
1959
150
What was the first vintage of Dom Ruinart Rose?
1966
151
Where is Ruinart?
Reims
152
What was the first vintage for Comtes de Champagne?
1952
153
What was the first vintage for Grande Dame Brut?
1969
154
What was the first vintage for Grande Dame Brut Rose?
1988
155
Where is Veuve Clicquot?
Reims
156
What are the tete de cuvees of Henri Billiot?
Cuvee Laetitia and Cuvee Julie
157
What is the tete de cuvee of Bonnaire?
Cuvee Prestige
158
What is the style of Bonnaire's Cuvee Prestige?
Blanc de Blancs
159
Who makes the tete de cuvee Cuvee Prestige?
Bonnaire of Cramant
160
Where is Chartogne Taillet?
Merfy, Montagne de Reims
161
What is the tete de cuvee of Hubert Dauvergne?
Fine Fleur de Bouzy
162
What is the blend of Fine Fleur de Bouzy?
100% Pinot Noir
163
Who produces Fine Fleur de Bouzy?
Hubert Dauvergne of Bouzy
164
What is the tete de cuvee of Paul Dethune?
Brut Prestige NV
165
Who produces the NV tete de cuvee Brut Prestige?
Paul Dethune of Ambonnay
166
What is the tete de cuvee of Guy Larmandier?
Cramant Grand Cru Cuvee Prestige
167
Where is Guy Larmandier?
Cramant
168
Where is Jacques Selosse?
Avize
169
What is the tete de cuvee of Nicolas Feuillatte?
Palmes d'Or
170
What styles of Palmes d'Or are produced?
Brut and Brut Rose
171
What was the first vintage of Palmes d'Or Brut?
1985
172
What was the first vintage of Palmes d'Or Brut Rose?
1996
173
Who produces Palmes d'Or?
Nicolas Feuillatte of Chouilly, a co-op.
174
Who produces Clos St Hilaire?
It is a monocru bottling from Billecart Salmon
175
Where is Clos St Hilaire?
Mareuil sur Ay, it is 100% Pinot Noir
176
What was the first vintage of Clos St Hilaire?
1995
177
What is the monocru bottling of Billecart Salmon?
Clos St Hilaire
178
What is the monocru bottling of Cattier?
Clos du Moulin
179
Where is Clos du Moulin?
Ludes, Montagne de Reims.
180
Who produces the monocru Clos du Moulin?
Cattier of Chigny les Roses
181
What was the initial monocru bottling of Chartogne Taillet?
Les Barres, old vine Meunier, starting in 2006
182
What is the monocru bottling of Drappier?
Grande Sendree
183
Where is the vineyard Grand Sendree?
In Urville in the Aube
184
Who produces Grande Sendree?
Drappier of Urville in the Aube
185
What is the monocru bottling of Duval Leroy?
Clos des Bouveries.
186
Where is Clos des Bouveries?
Vertus
187
What is the blend for Clos des Bouveries?
100% Chardonnay
188
Who produces the monocru bottling Clos des Bouveries?
Duval Leroy
189
What is the monocru bottling of Egly Ouriet?
Les Crayeres
190
What is the blend of Les Crayeres?
100% Pinot Noir
191
Who produces a monocru bottling Les Crayeres?
Egly Ouriet
192
Jacquesson has discontinued Signature, their previous tete de cuvee. What do they make in its place now?
They make four monocru, monovarietal wines. Dizy Corne Bautray, Vauzelle Terme, Terres Rouges Rose, and Champ Cain.
193
What is the blend for Dizy Corne Bautray?
100% Chardonnay
194
What is the blend for Ay Vauzelle Terme?
100% Pinot Noir.
195
What is the blend for Dizy Terres Rouges Rose?
almost all Pinot Meunier.
196
What is the blend for Avize Champ Cain?
100% Chardonnay.
197
What are the two tete de cuvees of Larmandier Bernier?
Terre de Vertus and Vieille Vigne de Cramant.
198
Who produces Vieille Vigne de Cramant?
Larmandier Bernier
199
What is the new NV tete de cuvee introduced by Taittinger in 2006?
Les Follies de la Marquetterie, a NV monocru bottling with 55% Pinot Noir and 45% Chardonnay
200
What are the three monocru bottlings of Tarlant?
La Vigne d'Or, La Vigne d'Antan, and Cuvee Louis NV.
201
What is the blend of La Vigne d'Or?
100% Meunier
202
What is the blend of la Vigne d'Antan?
100% Chardonnay
203
Who produces Cuvee Louis NV?
Tarlant
204
Who produces La Vigne d'Antan?
Tarlant
205
Who produces La Vigne d'Or?
Tarlant
206
What is the monocru of Veuve Fourny?
Clos Faubourg Notre Dame in Vertus
207
What is the blend of Clos Faubourg Notre Dame?
100% Chardonnay.
208
Who produces Clos Faubourg Notre Dame?
Veuve Fourny.
209
What is the blend of Dom Perignon?
Roughly equal parts Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, though there have been vintages where each variety is more dominant, such as the 1985 at 60% Chardonnay and the 1980 at 60% Pinot.
210
What is the blend for Cristal?
Usually 60% Pinot Noir, 40% Chardonnay.
211
Who is the oldest Champagne house and when were they founded?
Gosset- 1854
Started as a still wine house
212
What two villages in Champagne were ranked at 99% in the Echelle de Crus?
Maureuil-sur-Aye (Vallee de la Marne)
Tauxieres (Montagne de Reims)
213
What is the tete de cuvee of Chartogne-Taillet?
Fiacre
