Champagne Flashcards
(209 cards)
1
Q
CORDON DU ROYAT IS USED FOR WHAT SPECIFIC GRAPE VARIETAL?
A
Chardonnay from 1er or Grand Cru.
2
Q
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS OIRY?
A
Côte des Blancs- Grand Cru ‘85
3
Q
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS CHOUILLY?
A
Côte des Blancs- Grand Cru ‘85
4
Q
MASTERS QUESTION- WHAT ARE THE DOSAGE LEVELS FOR CHAMPAGNE?
A
(Pre 2010) / (Post 2010)
Brut Nature: 0-3
Extra Brut: 0-6
Brut: 0-15/ 0-12 *(allowed a 3g/l buffer)
Extra Dry: 12-20/ 12-17
Sec: 17-35/ 17-32
Demi-Sec: 33-50/ 32-50
Doux: 50 Plus
5
Q
WHAT IS THE MOST PLANTED GRAPE IN CHAMPAGNE? WHAT ARE THE OTHERS?
A
As of the 2012 harvest they are:
Pinot Noir @ 38%
Pinot Menuier @ 32%
Chardonnay @ 30%
6
Q
WHAT ARE THE TWO PRESSES USED IN CHAMPAGNE?
A
- Pressoir Couquard, is the classic vertical Champagne press (Basket Press)
- Whilmes Pneumatic Presses are common (Bladder Press)
The standard size press in Champagne holds a marc=4000 kg.
7
Q
WHAT ARE THE CURRENT YIELDS FOR CHAMPAGNE?
A
8,000 Kg/Ha- Prior to 2009
10,400 Kg/Ha- Current Standing
8
Q
WHAT IS THE AGING REQUIREMENT FOR NV CHAMPAGNE?
(BE SPECIFIC)
A
Minimum of 15 months for non-vintage (including the 12 months spent on lees= aka:tirage)
three years for vintage (including 12 months on the lees)
9
Q
WHICH ONE IS FURTHER EAST:
AY
MAREUIL-SUR-AY
A
Mareuil-sur-Ay, Valle de la Marne
10
Q
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
MICHEL ARNOULD
GODME
JEAN LALLEMENT
PEHU-SIMONET
A
Verzenay, Montagne de Reims, Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier
11
Q
WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE MONTAGNE DE REIMS?
A
Pinot Noir
12
Q
WHO MAKES NOBLE CUVÉE?
A
Lanson 50/50 Chrd and PN Oaked 1979
13
Q
WHAT 5 CHAMPAGNE VILLAGES WERE ELEVATED TO GRAND CRU STATUS IN 1985?
A
Montagne de Reims: Verzy (’85)
Côte des Blancs:
Chouilly (’85 White Grapes only)
Oiry (’85)
Oger (’85)
Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (’85)
14
Q
WHERE IS LOUVOIS?
A
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
15
Q
WHAT IS A CARNET DE PRESSOIR?
A
This is what is used to record every 4000 kg “marc”, noting grape variety, cru and destination
16
Q
WHAT WERE THE DOSAGE CATEGORY LEVELS PRE 2010?
A
(Pre 2010)
Brut Nature: 0-3
Extra Brut: 0-6
Brut: 0-15
Extra Dry: 12-20
Sec: 17-35
Demi-Sec: 33-50
Doux: 50 Plus
17
Q
WHO MAKES LES BARRES AND WHERE IS IT FROM?
A
Chartogne Taillet, Merfy
18
Q
WHAT IS THE 1ST COMMERCIAL BOTTLING OF CRISTAL?
A
1945- 1st Commercial Bottling
1876- Was the 1st Vintage
19
Q
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
AYALA
BOLLINGER
DEUTZ
GATINOIS
RENE GEOFFROY
HENRI GOURTORBE
A
Ay, Valle de la Marne, Pinot Noir
20
Q
WHAT IS A GYROPALLET? WHAT DOES IT DO AND IN HOW LONG?
A
A Gyropallet - holds 504 bottles. Performs the task in 8 days.
21
Q
WHAT IS EN FOULE/ PROVENAGE AND WHO USES THIS?
A
This is an old pre-phyloxera method of vine propagation. Canes are planted in the ground. This is done with Bollinger’s Cuvee Vieille Vignes Francaises which is 100 + year pre phylloxera vines that are trained using the provenage method.
It was classically done in Loire Valley, Champagne and Burgundy.
22
Q
WHAT ARE THE BREAKDOWNS FOR THE ÉCHELLE DES CRU?
A
100% = Grands Crus
90-99% = Premiers Crus
80-89% = Crus
23
Q
WHERE IS CUMIÈRES?
A
Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru
24
Q
WHAT OTHER WINES ARE PRODUCED USING THE CHARMAT METHOD?
A
Asti DOCG and Prosecco is made this way.
25
WHAT IS MA ON CHAMPAGNE?
MA (Marque d’ Acheteur) Buyer Brand
* A buyer’s own brand
* Often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, that purchases champagne & sells it under it’s own label
26
AY IS LOCATED NEAR WHAT RIVER?
Marne River
27
WHEN WAS THE SPECIAL CLUB CREATED?
1971
28
WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS TO BELONG TO THE SPECIAL CLUB?
1. The "Special Club" is the top-of-the-range, prestige cuvée for all members
2. The Club Trésors will declare a vintage as being worthy of "Special Club" prestige cuvées, then each member may decide individually whether or not to produce a "Special Club" wine
3. All base wines and finished "Special Club" wines must undergo tasting analysis
4. All "Special Club" bottles share an identical label and bottle shape
29
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS AVENAY-VAL D’OR?
***
Montagne de Reims- 1er Cru
This is the most Southern 1er Cru in Montage de Reims.
30
WHAT IS THE AGING FOR R.D.?
Bollinger’s “RD” (“Récemment Dégorgé”) is kept sur pointe for a number of years, and only disgorged upon order, usually around 108 months or 9 years.
Aged in bottle with cork and not a bidule crown cap.
This is a biological extension of Grand Annee.
There was no 1981 vintage of Grand Annee but there was a 1981 RD made.
31
WHAT ARE THE SECONDARY GRAPES USED IN CHAMPAGNE?
(4 in total)
Secondary Varieties:
Arbanne (black)
Petit Meslier (black)
Pinot Blanc Vrai (white form of Pinot Noir)
Fromenteau/Fromenteau Gris (Pinot Gris)
32
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
ALFRED GRATIEN
POL ROGER
GOSSET
PERRIER-JOUET
Epernay, Valle de la Marne, Pinot Noir
33
HOW MUCH DOES ABV INCREASE AFTER SECONDARY FERMENTATION IN CHAMPAGNE?
1.2% - 1.3%
34
WHAT TYPE OF CLIMATE DOES CHAMPAGNE ENCOUNTER?
Cold Atlantic Influenced Climate
35
HOW MANY BOTTLES DOES A PUPITRE HOLD?
60 bottles
36
WHO MAKES CUVEE RARE?
Piper-Heidsieck
37
WHAT IS LES BLEUS DE VILLES?
Blue Plastic recycled bags found in the vineyards of champagne as a reminder of the compost that is still evident.
38
WHAT IS THE NATURAL TEMPERATURE FOR THE NETWORK OF CAVES LOCATED IN CHAMPAGNE?
53-54 degrees F. It is created out of a Chalk and Limestone subsoil.
39
WHAT IS THE RATING AND PERCENTAGE OF RED GRAPES FROM CHOUILLY?
Chouilly:
white grapes 100%- GC
red grapes 95%- 1er Cru
40
WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FOR PERLANT/ FRIZZANTE/ PERLWEIN?
Perlant= less than 2.5 ATM
Frizzantino in Italian
Perlwein in German
41
WHAT ARE THE FOUR TYPES OF TRAINING SYSTEMS (PRUNING METHODS) USED FOR CHAMPAGNE?
1. Taille Chablis- Spur training system used for Chardonnay (USED FOR GC ONLY)
2. Cordon de Royat-Spur training system used for Pinot Noir (USED FOR GC ONLY)
3. Vallée de la Marne- Spur training used for Pinot Menuier ONLY
4. Guyot (double and simple)
42
PLEASE NAME 3 PRODUCERS THAT USE ZERO OAK IN THEIR PRODUCTION OF CHAMPAGNE?
Clicquot
Pol Roger
Pommery
Mumm
Moet and Chandon
43
NAME A YEAR IN THE 2000'S THAT SPECIAL CLUB WAS NOT MADE?
2003
44
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS VERZENAY?
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
45
WHAT IS BLOCAGE?
Blocage: The authorization of Reserve wine stocks that the CIVC regulates the actual size of.
46
WHAT ARE THE GRAND CRUS OF THE CÔTE DES BLANCS N-S?
(COCA-OL)
Chouilly (’85)
Oiry (’85)
Cramant
Avize
(White Grapes only)
Oger (’85)
Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (’85
47
WHAT IS MARC DE CHAMPAGNE?
Eaux-de-Vie
Marc de Champagne is distilled by one company (Jean Goyard) oak matured and sold by most of the top Champagne houses.
48
WHAT IS THE RATING FOR WHITE GRAPES FROM TOURS-SUR-MARNE?
Tours-sur-Marne:
red grapes 100%-GC
white grapes 90%- 1er Cru
49
WHO MAKES GRAND SIGNATURE?
Jacquesson
50
WHAT IS SR ON CHAMPAGNE?
SR (Sociéte de Récoltants)
* A firm, not a co-operative
* Set up by a union of often related growers
* Share resources to make their wines
* Collectively market several brands
51
WHO PRODUCES CUVEE LOUIS?
Tarlant. Not to be confused with Cuvee Louise
52
WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE & ABV FOR CRÉMANT WINES?
ABV: 9% EXCEPT CREMANT DE LIMOUX (9.5%)
Classically 3.6 atmospheres.
Now it must be the same as Champagne or Mousseaux 6 atmospheres.
53
WHO MAKES CUVEE 225 AND WHAT IS IT?
It is 1er Cru and Grand Cru wines that are barrel aged for 4 years to add richness to the wine. This is made by Nicholas Feuillate.
54
WHAT IS THE MOST SOUTHERN GROWING REGION IN CHAMPAGNE?
The Aube
55
WHO MAKES
“CUVÉE R LALOU”?
GH Mumm
56
WHERE IS MAUREUIL-SUR-AŸ?
Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru rated 99%
57
WHO MAKES CLOS DU MOULIN?
Cattier
58
WHAT NATURAL EVENT CREATES A BOUVREUX (second crop) AND WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THIS CLASSICALLY?
Rain.
It interrupts flowering leaving fruit on the vine that does not ripen and is left on the vine. Usually occurs in Champagne and other Cold Atlantic Influenced areas.
59
WHO MAKES RIVE GAUCHE AND WHAT SINGLE VINEYARD IS IT FROM?
Bereche, Les Misy Vineyard, Pinot Menuier, Port a Binson, Valle de la Marne
60
AMBONNAY IS EAST OF WHAT GRAND CRU?
Bouzy
61
WHAT IS LA PRISSE DE MOUSSE?
Secondary Fermentation of Champagne
62
WHO MADE THE LAST BOTTLED DOUX CHAMPAGNE AND WHAT VINTAGE WAS IT?
The last doux Champagne sold was the 1983 based Louis Roederer Carte Blanche.
63
NAME A PRODUCER OF COTEAUX CHAMPENOIS?
Bollinger's Cote Aux Enfant from Ay. It is Grand Cru Pinot Noir that is aged 8 months in oak.
64
HOW MANY REGIONS IN FRANCE CAN MAKE MOUSSEUX, NAME THEM?
Vin de Savoie (Savoie)
Seyssel (Savoie)
Borgogne Mousseux (Burgundy)
65
WHAT IS TRANSVERSAGE?
Transversage: Process which wines are emptied into a large tank where they are then transferred to small and large format bottles such as 3 Liters and 187ml bottles. Prior to being emptied, the wines, have already gone through the traditional method including riddling and disgorgement.
66
WHAT IS A BIDULE?
The plastic cap that collects sediment during remuage.
67
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
FRANCK BONVILLE
DE SOUSA
VARNIER FARNIER
Avize, Cote de Blancs, Chardonnay
68
WHO MAKES CUVEE LOUISE?
Pommery
69
WHAT IS CLUB TRÉSOR?
Special Club Prestige Cuvée
OR
Club Trésor
70
WHAT WAS THE 1ST VINTAGE OF BOLLINGER'S VIELLES VIGNES FRANCAISES?
1969
It comes from 2 Grand Cru's in AY
(Clos St. Jacques & Chauddes Terres)
and previously 1 Grand Cru in Bouzy
(Croix Rouge) that was destroyed in 2005 by Phyloxera.
It is produced by Provignage method.
71
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS AMBONNAY?
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
Southern Most GC
72
WHAT IS ANOTHER NAME FOR THE AUBE?
Côte des Bars
73
WHAT ARE THE TWO WAYS TO DISGORGE A BOTTLE OF CHAMPAGNE?
1. Disgorgement a la Glacé- Freezing Brine
2. Disgorgement a la Volee- Older Method, non freezing brine
74
WHO MAKES AY LA COTE FARON?
Jacques Selosse.
It was previously called Contraste
75
WHAT IS FLEUR DE CHAMPAGNE?
***
Fleur de Champagne is "Belle Époque" for US Market
Or
It's the "Belle Époque" outside the US Market
76
WHERE IS HAUTVILLIERS?
Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru
77
HOW MUCH OF A STATED YEAR'S HARVEST MAY BE SOLD AS VINTAGE CHAMPAGNE?
80%
78
DESCRIBE THE 1991 VINTAGE OF CUVÉE NOBLE?
’91-Poor. Light wines with low acidity.
79
WHO MAKES LES CHETILLONS AND WHERE IS IT FROM?
Le Mesnil-sur-Orger, Pierre Peters
80
WHAT IS ND ON CHAMPAGNE?
ND (Négociant Distributeur) Dealer Distributor
* Middleman company that distributes champagne it did not make.
81
WHAT IS AUTOLYSIS AND WHAT DOES IT ADD TO CHAMPAGNE?
***
Autolysis – Dead yeasts break down and their amino acids are absorbed in to the wine.
This adds a rich nutty profile to the wine.
82
GRAND CRU’S IN CHAMPAGNE CANNOT USE WHAT GRAPE?
Grand Crus cannot use Pinot Meunier in any amount, it is seen that it has an inability to age and is a rustic cousin to Pinot Noir.
83
WHO MAKES CUVÉE DES ENCHANTELEURS?
Henriot
84
WHAT IS RM ON CHAMPAGNE?
RM (Récoltant Manipulant)
* Grower - Producer who makes Champ from estate-grown fruit.
* 95% of the grapes must originate in the producer’s own vineyards.
* Producers:
Henri Billot
Bonnaire
Chartogne - Taillet
Hubert Dauvergre
Guy Larmandier
Jacques Selosse
Pierre Peters
Egly-Ouriet
85
WHAT ARE THE MAJOR BODIES OF WATER IN THE AUBE?
Aube & Seine
SA in the South
86
HOW MANY LITERS CAN BE EXTRACTED FROM 160KG OF GRAPES IN CHAMPAGNE?
102L from 160kg of grapes
87
NAME 3 CM PRODUCERS IN CHAMPAGNE?
Jacquart
Nicolas Feuillatte
Pannier
88
WHAT IS THE AGING FOR GRAND AINEE?
It is aged for 72 months (2X's the amount for Vintage).
Aged in bottle with cork and not a bidule crown cap.
89
HOW MANY GRAND AND PREMIER CRUS VILLAGES?
17 Grand Crus
42 1er Crus
(includes Tour-sur-Marne white and Chouilly black)
90
WHO MAKES CUVÉE FEMME?
Duval-Leroy
91
WHAT IS THE TRADITIONAL WAY TO PRODUCE ROSÉ?
There are only 2 ways allowed to make Rose Champagne:
1. Blending red base wine is the traditional method
(This is commonly used)
2. Sagniee method is expensive but still allowed.
(This is expensive)
92
WHAT ARE THE GRAND CRUS OF MONTAGNE DE REIMS NORTH-SOUTH? (9 total)
SP/BVMV/ LBA
FROM NORTH-SOUTH
Sillery
Puisieux
Beaumont sur Vesle
Verzenay
Mailly
Verzy (’85)
Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonnay
93
VINTAGE DATED CHAMPAGNE MUST CONTAIN 100% FRUIT FROM THAT STATED VINTAGE. WHAT IS THE EXCEPTION?
Vintage-dated wines must contain 100% of a stated vintage (with the exception of wine and products contained in the liqueur de tirage or the liqueur d'expédition)
94
WHO CREATED THE ASSEMBLAGE TECHNIQUE IN CHAMPAGNE?
The Benedictine Monk, Dom Perignon
95
WHAT BOTTLE SIZES ARE ALLOWED TO MAKE METHOD CHAMPENOISE?
Only 375ml/ 750ml/ 1.5L
are permitted by the CIVC for the production of la méthode Champenoise.
96
WHAT IS A MARC OF GRAPES?
4000kg of grapes is a quantity known as a ‘marc’, a standard unit of measurement that is held in a traditional Cocquard basket press
97
WHAT 5 CHAMPAGNE VILLAGES WERE ELEVATED TO GRAND CRU STATUS IN 1985?
Montage de Reims: 1
Verzey ('85)
Cote de Blancs: 4
Chouilly (’85)
Oiry (’85) (White Grapes only)
Oger (’85)
Le-Mesnil-sur-Oger (’85)
98
WHAT ARE THE GRAND CRUS OF VALLÉE DE LA MARNE?
Aÿ
Tours-sur-Marne
(red grapes only)
99
WHAT PARALLEL DOES CHAMPAGNE SIT AT AND WHAT'S IT MEAN ANNUAL TEMPERATURE?
It sits at the 48th parallel and the mean avg temp is 50 degrees.
100
WHAT IS SUR LATTE?
Bottles are stored on their sides, prior to secondary fermentation.
This creates a more autolytic style as there is more lees exposure to the wines.
101
WHAT IS THE RUSSIAN CONTINOUS MEHOD ALSO KNOWN AS?
Continous Method/Russian Continous Method
102
WHAT IS THE TÊTE DE CUVEE FROM BOLLINGER?
Vielles Vignes Françaises-1969, 1st Vintage
103
WHO MAKES CELEBRIS?
Gosset
104
WHO MAKES CLOS DES GOISSES?
Philipponnat
1st producer to make a single vineyard clos champagne. 1st vintage was 1935.
105
WHEN CAN TIRAGE IN CHAMPAGNE OCCUR?
January 1st the year following harvest.
106
WHAT HOUSE CREATED THE 1ST BRUT CHAMPAGNE AND WHEN?
Created the brut champagne, Pommery “Nature” in 1874.
107
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS BEAUMONT-SUR-VESLE?
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
108
WHAT ARE THE BASE SOIL TYPES OF CHAMPAGNE? WHAT IS THE TOPSOIL?
Base of two types of chalk: Belemnite chalk (Belemnita quadrata) on the hillsides and Micraster chalk in the valleys.
There is a very small layer of topsoil consisting of clay and sand covers much of the chalk throughout Champagne.
109
WHAT IS THE DOMINATE SOILOF THE AUBE?
In the Aube, clay is the dominant soil type.
110
WHAT IS RC ON CHAMPAGNE
RC (Récoltant Coopérateur)
* A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative but sells the wine under his own label
111
HOW MUCH OF A YEARS HARVEST CAN BE SOLD AS VINTAGE CHAMPAGNE?
80% of the total years harvest can be sold as Vintage.
112
WHO MAKES CŒUR DE CUVÉE?
Vilmart & Cie
113
WHERE IS DIZY?
Vallée de la Marne- 1er Cru
114
WHAT IS ROSÉ DES RICEYS ?
A still red wine AOC located in the cru village of Riceys in the Aube département that produces a 100% Pinot Noir.
It is made by whole cluster and semi-carbonic maceration.
King Louis the XIV favored this still, dark pink wine. Aged in cask and produced in only the warmest years.
115
WHAT IS THE MOST WESTERN GROWING REGION IN CHAMPAGNE?
Vallee de la Marne
116
WHAT ARE BOURBES?
This is the sediment that is racked off after the wine goes through debourbage
(settling of the must).
117
NAME 5 PRODUCERS FROM THE SPECIAL CLUB AND THEIR LOCATION?
Paul Bara (Bouzy)
Roland Champion (Chouilly)
Charlier et Fils (Montigny-sous-Châtillon)
Gaston Chiquet (Dizy)
Forget-Chemin (Ludes)
Fresnet-Juillet (Verzy)
Pierre Gimonnet (Cuis)
Henri Goutorbe (Aÿ)
Grongnet (Etoges)
Dumenil (Chigny-Les-Roses)
Marc Hébrart (Mareuil-sur-Aÿ)
Hervieux-Dumez (Sacy)
José Michel (Moussy)
Vincent Joudart (Fèrebrianges)
Juillet-Lallement (Verzy)
Sanchez Leguédard (Cumières)
Larmandier Père et Fils (Cramant)
J. Lassalle (Chigny-les-Roses)
Launois Père et Fils (Mesnil-sur-Oger)
Mouzon Leroux et Fils (Verzy)
Joseph Loriot Pagel (Festigny)
A. Margaine (Villers Marmery)
Moussé Fils (Cuisles)
Nominé-Renard (Villevenard)
Salmon (Chaumuzy)
Rémy Massin et Fils (Ville-sur-Arce)
Vazart-Coquart (Chouilly)
J.M. Goulard
Champagne Duménil
118
WHAT IS SPECIAL CLUB?
Concept originated in 1971 with a dozen growers. Lacking the marketing budget of larger houses. These grower-producers banded together to promote their prestige cuvees through identical packaging. They are estate bottled and vintage dated.
29 MEMBERS IN TOTAL
119
WHERE IS AVIZE?
Côte des Blancs- Grand Cru
120
WHAT IS THE ESCHELLE DE CRU RANKING FOR OIRY?
Grand Cru, Cote de Blancs
121
WHAT ARE THE CATEGORIES OF CHAMPAGNE FROM DRY TO SWEET?
Brut Nature
Extra Brut
Brut
Extra Dry
Sec
Demi Sec
Doux
122
WHAT ARE THE TWO PRESSINGS OF CHAMPAGNE CALLED? PLEASE GIVE THE AMOUNTS IN HECTOLITERS
The first 2050 L pressed is known as “the cuvée”, the next 500 L is the “tailless”.
IF ASKED IN HECTOLITERS:
Cuvée = 20.5 hl
Taille = 5 hl
123
WHAT IS POINTAGE?
Pointage: Historical operation in which each bottle would be briskly shaken in order to prevent the sediment from sticking to the sides of the bottle prior to dégorgement.
124
WHAT IS REMUAGE?
The process of riddling. The process removes dead yeast cells by pushing them to the neck of the bottle where it is expelled via disgorgement.
The process was created by Madam Clicquot
125
WHAT TWO 1ER CRUS ARE RATED 99% AND WHERE ARE THE FROM?
Tuxieres-Mutry* (rated 99%) from Montagne de Reims
Maureuil-sur-Ay* (rated 99%) from Vallée de la Marne
126
WHAT ARE THE PRESS YIELDS USED IN CHAMPAGNE? PLEASE GIVE IN HECTOLITERS AND LITERS
1. (Tete) Cuvée- First 2050 liters OR 20.5 HL
2. Taille- Last 500 liters OR 5 HL
3. Rebeche- Required by law, this additional pressed juice is rebêche, or the "end of pressing", and must account for 0-10% of the total. This may only be used for distillation.
127
NAME A PRODUCER FOR ROSE DE RICEY?
Jacques de France
Veuve Devaux
Serge Horiot
128
WHAT IS THE ONLY AOP TO ALLOW THE BLENDING OF RED AND WHITE WINE TO MAKE A ROSE?
Champagne
129
WHAT DOSAGE STYLES OF CHAMPAGNE ARE RARELY PRODUCED?
Bone dry, non-dosage styles
130
WHAT WINES ARE PRODUCED USING THE RUSSIAN CONTINOUS METHOD?
German Sekt produced this way
131
WHAT COUNTRY WOULD YOU FIND THE TERM PEZSGO AND WHAT DOES THIS TERM MEAN?
Hungary and it refers to Sparkling
132
WHAT IS THE TÊTE DE CUVEE FROM BILLECART-SALMON?
Cuvée Elizabeth Salmon Rosé- Chard/PN with 10% Red Wine
Cuvée Nicholas Francois- Blend 40% Chard/ 60% PN
Les Clos Saint-Hilaire- 100% Pinot Noir
133
WHAT IS THE OLDEST COMMERCIAL PRODUCER OF CHAMPAGNE?
Ruinart the oldest commercial producer of Champagne and Sparkling wine in general.
134
WHO MAKES COEUR DE CUVEE AND WHAT SINGLE VINEYARD IS IT FROM?
Vilmart, Blanches Voies Vineyard, Rilly-la-Montage
135
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
H. BILLIOT
RENE-HENRI COUTIER
PAUL DETHUNE
EGLY-OURIET
MARIE-NOELLE LEDRU
MARGUET PERE ET FILS
ERIC RODEZ
Ambonnay, Montagne de Reims, Pinot Noir & Pinot Meunier
136
WHAT IS THE MIN ABV AND RS FOR CHAMPAGNE?
Minimum Potential Alcohol: 9%
Maximum Residual Sugar: 10 g/l
137
WHAT ARE THE OTHER WAYS TO PRODUCE SPARKLING WINES OTHER THAN METHOD TRADITIONAL?
Méthode Ancestrale
Charmat
Continous Method
Carbonation
138
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CHAMPAGNE PRODUCERS? (7)
1. NM- Negociant Manipulant
A Champagne house that buys grapes, and or vin clairs in large volumes from growers, co-ops and other houses.
2. RM- Récoltant-Manipulant
Grower-producer who makes Champagne from estate grown fruit. 95% of the grapes must originate in the producer’s own vineyards.
3. CM- Co-Operature Manipulant
A growers co-op that produces the wine under a single brand.
4. RC- Récoltant-Coopérateur
A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative, but sells the wine under his own label.
5. SR- Société de Récoltants
A firm, not a co-operative, set up by a union of often related growers, who shares resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands.
6. ND- Négociant Distributor
Distributor brand, that sells champagne which it did not make, usually sold to retailers.
7. MA-Marque d’Acheteur
Brand name owned by the purchaser.
139
WHAT IS THE ESCHELLE DE CRU RANKING FOR CUMIÈRES?
1er Cru- Cumières, Valle de la Marne
140
WHAT IS DÉGORGEMENT à LA VOLÉE?
Dégorgement à la Volée: Historically a older method of dégorgement in which sediment is removed however the neck was not frozen and excess wine was lost.
141
WHAT ARE THE MAJOR BODIES OF WATER IN THE NORTH OF CHAMPAGNE?
***
Marne and Vesle
(MV in the North)
142
WHAT IS THE PRESTIGE CUVEE OF CHARTOGNE TAILLET?
Cuvee Fiacre
143
WHAT TWO 1ER CRUS ARE RANKED 99% AND WHERE ARE THEY LOCATED?
***
Only 2 come in at 99%:
* Tauxières-Multry in Montage de Reims
* Mareuil-sur-Aÿ in Vallée de la Marne
144
WHAT IS NM ON CHAMPAGNE?
NM (Négociant Manipulant)
* Purchases grapes or base wines from growers & other sm houses.
* Some NM houses own a significant portion of their own vineyard.
* Others own none at all.
145
WHAT OTHER STYLES IN FRANCE CAN MAKE TRADITIONAL METHOD SPARKLING WINES, NAME THEM?
(4 in Total)
Other French Traditional Method Wines
4 IN TOTAL:
CRÉMANT
MOUSSEUX
PÉTILLANT
BLANQUETTE
146
WHAT ARE THE 3 VINTAGES IN WHICH GRAND SIÈCLE WAS PRODUCED?
***
1985 Grand Siècle Exceptionellement Millésimé
1988
1990 Grand Siècle Lumière du Millénaire
147
NAME A PRODUCER THAT USES SECONDARY GRAPES USED IN CHAMPAGNE?
Aubry’s, “Le Nobre d’Or Campanae Vetres Vites,” from Reims, showcases these secondary varietals
148
WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE CÔTE DES BLANCS?
Chardonnay
149
WHAT IS THE MINIMUM ALCOHOL FOR VIN CLAIR WINES AFTER PRIMARY FERMENTATION?
Around 11%
150
WHERE IS CHIGNY-LES-ROSE LOCATED AND WHAT CRU IS IT?
Montagne de Reims, 1er Cru
151
WHAT IS THE LITERS OF MUST THAT ARE EXTRACTED FROM 4000KG OF GRAPES IN CRÉMANT DE LOIRE?
Crémant wines which are allowed 2666L from 4000kg
152
WHAT IS THE MOST NORTHERN GROWING REGION IN CHAMPAGNE?
Montagne de Reims
153
WHAT IS THE MOST NORTHERN GRAND CRU OF THE COTE DE BLANCS?
Chouilly
154
MASTERS QUESTION-
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS VERZY?
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
155
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS VERTUS?
Côte des Blancs-1er Cru
156
WHAT IS DEBLOCAGE?
Deblocage: The releasing of reserve wine stocks (Blocage).
157
WHAT IS THE NON-DOSAGE CUVEE MADE FROM BILLECART-SALMON?
Les Clos Saint-Hilaire
100% Pinot Noir
158
WHAT IS THE MOST PLANTED AND SECOND MOST PLANTED GRAPE VARIETAL IN CHAMPAGNE?
Pinot Noir followed by Pinot Menuier
159
WHAT IS A MUSELETEUSE?
Museleteuse: a pneumatic machine that distributes and automatically fits the wire muzzle on champagne bottles.
160
WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE CÔTE DE SÉZANNE?
Chardonnay
161
ARE SINGLE VINEYARD CHAMPAGNES REQUIRED TO BE VINTAGED DATED?
Not required to be vintage dated.
162
WHAT IS THE LITERS OF MUST THAT ARE EXTRACTED FROM 4000KG OF GRAPES IN CHAMPAGNE?
The quantity of must permitted to be extracted from the grapes is limited to 2550L (2666 pre-1994) from 4000kg* of grapes.
IF ASKED IN HECTOLITERS:
Cuvée = 20.5 hl,
Taille = 5 hl
163
PLEASE NAME 3 PRODUCERS THAT USE OAK IN THEIR PRODUCTION OF CHAMPAGNE?
Bollinger
Alfred Gratien
Krug
Fleury
Jacques Selosse
164
HOW MANY GROWERS BELONG TO THE SPECIAL CLUB?
29
Club Tresors de Champagne, more commonly known as Special Club, is an exclusive group of grower Champagne producers (only 29 members!) whose primary aim is to showcase the very best expressions of Champagne from the best vintages.
165
WHAT IS FROMENTEAU?
Fromenteau is Pinot Gris.
It is allowed in Champagne production along with Petit Meslier, Arbanne and Pinot Blanc Vrai.
166
WHAT IS THE SYNONYMS FOR CHARMAT METHOD?
Charmat/ Cuvée Close/ Tank Method
167
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
GUY CHARLEMAGNE
DELAMOTTE
PIERRE MONCUIT
Mesnil-sur-Oger, Cote de Blanc, Chardonnay
168
WHO MAKES CUVEE VENUS AND WHAT SINGLE VINEYARD IS IT FROM?
Agrapart, La Fosse Vineyard, Avize
169
WHAT IS BOUVREAUX?
The Bouvreux is the second crop and is left for the birds.
It takes place during flowering when rain interrupts the flowering process leaving a second crop of Bouvreux.
170
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
PAUL BARA
PAUL CLOUET
BENOIT LAHAYE
CAMILLE SAVES
JEAN VESSELLE
Bouzy, Montagne de Reims, Pinot Noir
171
T OR F: SALON USES MULTIPLE VINEYARDS IN THEIR TETE DE CUVEE BOTTLING?
True
172
WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE AUBE?
Pinot Noir
173
IN WHAT DISTRICT IS BOUZY?
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru
174
WHAT IS THE ESCHELLE DE CRU RANKING FOR TUXIERES-MUTRY?
1er Cru-Tuxieres-Mutry rated 99% from Montagne de Reims.
175
WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FOR CHAMPAGNE?
Mousseux: 6 atmospheres, this is a fully sparkling wine (Champagne). This is 90 lbs PSI – the equivalent of the pressure in a bus tire. At serving temperature (43˚ F) the atmospheric pressure is actually 2.5.
176
WHERE WOULD YOU FIND THE FOLLOWING PRODUCERS AND WHAT IS THE MAIN GRAPE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM:
MARC HEBRART
PHILIPPONNAT
R. POUILLON
Mareuil-sur-Ay in Valle de la Marne: Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir
177
MASTERS QUESTION – WHAT WAS THE 1ST VINTAGE OF CLOS DU MESNIL?
1979 is the first vintage
178
PLEASE LIST 3 PGI'S OF CHAMPAGNE?
Marne
Haut Marne
Seine-et-Marne
Aube
179
WHAT WAS THE 1ST BRUT CHAMPAGNE ON THE MARKET IN THE 1800'S
In 1874, it was Pommery. Prior to this all Champagne was produced with a sweet style.
180
WHO MAKES SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL?
Pol Roger
181
WHO MAKES PARADIS?
Alfred Gratien- This is barrel fermented
182
WHAT STYLE IS BELLE ÉPOQUE?
BLEND: 50-50 Chard/Pinots
STYLE: aperitif style, delicate.
Crisp acidity, though wine does go through full MLF.
183
MASTERS QUESTION –WHERE DOES THE BEST RED WINE FOR ROSÉ COME FROM?
The best red wine for the production of rosé is reputed to come from Bouzy, a Grand Cru in Montagne de Reims.
184
WHAT IS THE MUST WEIGHT OF CHAMPAGNE?
143 g/l
185
WHAT IS THE LOCATION AND ECHELLE DE CRU FOR TOURS-SUR-MARNE?
Vallée de la Marne
Grand Cru for Red Grapes
1er Cru for White Grapes
186
WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM GRAMS PER LTR. FOR BRUT CHAMPAGNE?
Brut, less than 12 grams
187
HOW MUCH OF A STATED YEAR COMPOSES THE BLEND OF VINTAGE CHAMPAGNE?
100%
188
WHAT ARE NATURAL CLIMATIC PROBLEMS THAT THE CHAMPAGNE REGION DEALS WITH?
(4 in total)
***
Frost, Rain, Fungal Disease and Hail
short hot vintages with Global warming
Humidity in Summer
189
HOW MANY VILLAGES ARE AUTHORIZED TO GROW GRAPES FOR CHAMPAGNE?
There are 357 authorized to grow grapes for Champagne
190
WHAT IS COTEAUX du CHAMPENOIS?
Still wine appellation that produces:
red, white and rosé.
Best are reds from Bouzy, which is located in Montage de Reims.
191
HOW MUCH OF A VARIANCE IS ALLOWED FOR CURRENT CHAMPAGNE DRYNESS LEVELS?
3G/L (+/-)
192
WHAT IS THE MOST NORTHERN GRAND CRU OF MONTAGNE DE REIMS?
Sillery
193
WHAT IS THE ESCHELLE DE CRU RANKING FOR MAUREUIL-SUR-AŸ?
Maureuil-sur-Ay (rated 99%)- Valle de la Marne
194
HOW MANY REGIONS IN FRANCE CAN MAKE CRÉMANT, NAME THEM?
(7 in total)
Crémant de Alsace
Crémant de Bordeaux
Crémant de Bourgogne
Crémant de Die
Crémant de Loire
Crémant de Limoux
Crémant de Jura
195
WHERE ARE THE ARDENNES HILLS?
The Ardennes hills separate Champagne from Belgium.
196
WHAT IS THE CIVC AND WHEN WAS IT FORMED?
***
CIVC: Comité Interprofessional du Vin de Champagne – governing body of Champagne, enforces all the AC regulations, formed in 1941, comprises growers and producers with government employees. Also promotes the wines, regulates the size of the harvest. Unique among French AOCs in that it does not have to use the words ‘appellation contrôlée’ on the label.
1. No longer sees echelle de cru system
2. focus on sustainability measures in region
197
WHAT ORIENTATION ARE THE VINEYARDS OF THE CÔTE DES BLANCS PLANTED?
Vineyards are planted on the southeast and east facing slopes
198
WHAT IS LIQUEUR DE TIRAGE?
Liqueur de Tirage is mixture of still Champagne, sugar, and yeast and causes the second fermentation between 10 days and 3 mos.
This produces the second fermentation in bottle.
199
WHAT ARE THE PRESSING PRODUCTION METHODS FOR CRÉMANT?
100L from 150kg or 2,666L from 4,000KG
200
WHAT ORIENTATION ARE THE VINEYARDS OF MONTAGNE DE REIMS PLANTED?
(Give examples):
Vineyards are planted between south and north facing slopes
201
WHAT IS CM ON CHAMPAGNE?
Co-Operature Manipulant
A growers co-op that produces the wine under a single brand.
(i.e. Jacquart/ Nicholas Feuillate)
202
IF A WINE IS BOTTLED VIA TRANSVASAGE METHOD? WHAT TECHNIQUE IS UNNECESSARY?
Remuage or riddling of the bottles as the wines are dumped into a pressurized tank then bottles in large or small bottles.
203
WHAT IS CM ON CHAMPAGNE?
CM (Coopérative Manipulant)
* A grower’s Co-operative that produces the wine under a SINGLE BRAND
* ie. Nicolas Feuillatte (Chouilly), Jacquart (Reims), Mailly Grand Cru
204
WHAT IS THE MUST WEIGHT, ABV AND RS FOR CHAMPAGNE?
Must Weight: 143
ABV: Min. 9%
RS: Max 10 g/l
205
WHAT IS THE COMMON WAY TO PRODUCE ROSÉ?
Commonly made by blending white with a little red base wine.
206
WHAT IS THE PRIMARY GRAPE OF THE VALLÉE DE LA MARNE and WHY?
Primary Grape: Pinot Meunier
Pinot Menuier is heavily cultivated in the sheltered vineyards of the frost-prone Vallée de la Marne, where its tendency to bud late and ripen early is prized by growers.
Bud Late/Ripe Early
207
In regards to Champagne, what are Crayères?
Under the French city of Reims alone, thousands of these chalk quarries, or crayères, form a mazelike collection of tunnels that started as chalk mines in Gallo-Roman times (with excavated chalk forming the city's rampart walls) before serving as everything from wheat silos to smuggling routes.
208
In Champagne, what is a “remueur”?
professional riddler, or “remueur”
209
As of 2016, what AOP's comprise the Grand Est région.
As of 2016, Alsace and Lorraine along with Champagne now comprise the Grand Est région.
