Change Models

Question 1

Random Fluctuation Theory

Answer 1

Charles Hockett, 1958.

Random events and mistakes lead to changed.

COVID AND PWNED

Question 2

Lexical Gaps

Answer 2

Word that could exist, doesn’t exist.

Hygge - Danish word for cosy contentment

Question 3

Substratum

Answer 3

Changes through trade and invasion.

Changes through immigration and social networking.

vaaz or vase

Question 4

Functional Theory

Answer 4

Language changes and adapts to meet the needs of its users.

Question 5

Industrial Revolution

Answer 5

1760-1840

New inventions and ways of working led to phrases like “shift work and clocking on”

Urbanisation also resulted in close contact where substratum was relevant.

Question 6

16TH-20TH CENTURIES

Answer 6

British Empire took the English language around the world colonizing 1/4 of land surface - linguistic imperialism.

Question 7

Streamlining and Efficiency

Answer 7

handbag pronounced as hanbag - assimilation

Question 8

S-Curve Model

Answer 8

Language change occurs at a slow pace and will become faster as it becomes more accepted

Question 9

Wave Model

Answer 9

Bailey 1973

Geographical distance will have a large affect on language spread