Changes In Cell Growth Patterns

Question 1

Hypertrophy

Answer 1

Increase in cell size

Question 2

Hyperplasia

Answer 2

Increase in cell number

Question 3

Atrophy

Answer 3

Reduction in cell mass
Ex: skeletal muscle atrophy in elderly or inactive

Question 4

Metaplasia

Answer 4

One cell type is replaced by a less complex cell type
New cells are quite normal, just not the cells usually found in that location

Question 5

Dysplasia

Answer 5

Cells show changes in morphology and function; normal functions are lost
They may be larger, nuclei may appear different, some cellular components may be missing or are duplicated
Not malignant, removal of irritant will often restore normal cell types and growth patterns
Ex: skin from too much sun

Question 6

Neoplasia

Answer 6

The increased growth rate persists and the cell mass increases at an uncontrolled rate

Question 7

Categories for neoplasms

Answer 7

Benign or malignant

Question 8

Benign neoplasms

Answer 8

Well-defined, often capsules and confined to one location

Question 9

Malignant neoplasms

Answer 9

Poorly defined margins, the tumour cells extend into and mingle with the surrounding healthy tissues
Have the ability to spread and invade into healthy tissues

Question 10

Well-differentiated

Answer 10

Tumour cells which have matured to closely resemble their parent cells

Question 11

Poorly differentiated

Answer 11

Malignant cells which bear little resemblance to the original tissue cells

Question 12

Anaplastic cells

Answer 12

Tumour cells that bear no resemblance to normal cells