Changes In Energy

Question 1

What are the eight main stores of energy!?

Answer 1

1.magnetic
2.thermal (internal)
3.chemical
4.kinetic
5.electrostatic
6.elastic potential
7.gravitational potential
8.nuclear

Question 2

Describe the energy store magnetic….

Answer 2

The energy stored when repelling poles have been pushed closer together or when attracting poles have been pulled further apart.

Question 3

Name 3 examples of a magnetic energy store!?

Answer 3

Fridge magnets, compasses, maglev trains which use magnetic levitation

Question 4

Describe the energy store thermal (internal)……

Answer 4

The total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object, in most cases this is the vibrations – also known as the kinetic energy – of particles. In hotter objects, the particles have more internal energy and vibrate faster

Question 5

Name 4 examples using a thermal (internal) energy store….

Answer 5

Human bodies, hot coffees, stoves or hobs. Ice particles vibrate slower, but still have energy

Question 6

Describe the energy store chemical…..

Answer 6

The energy stored in chemical bonds, such as those between molecules

Question 7

Name 3 examples of chemical energy…..

Answer 7

Foods
Muscles
Electrical cells

Question 8

Describe kinetic energy…….

Answer 8

The energy of a moving object

Question 9

Name 3 examples of kinetic energy……

Answer 9

Runners
Buses
Comets

Question 10

Describe electrostatic electricity…..

Answer 10

The energy stored when repelling charges have been moved closer together or when attracting charges have been pulled further apart

Question 11

Name 2 examples of electrostatic energy….

Answer 11

Thunderclouds
Van De Graaff generators

Question 12

Describe elastic potential energy…..

Answer 12

The energy stored when an object is stretched or squashed

Question 13

List 3 examples of elastic potential energy…..

Answer 13

Drawn catapults
Compressed springs
Inflated balloons

Question 14

Describe gravitational potential energy…..

Answer 14

The energy of an object at height

Question 15

Name 3 examples of gravitational potential energy….

Answer 15

Aeroplanes, kites, mugs on a table

Question 16

Describe nuclear energy….

Answer 16

The energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

Question 17

Name 3 examples of nuclear energy……

Answer 17

atom.Uranium nuclear power, nuclear reactors

Question 18

What is a pathway!?

Answer 18

A pathway is whenEnergy can be transferred from one store into another - as one store empties, another store fills.

Question 19

What are the 4 main pathways!?

Answer 19

Mechanical work
Electrical work
Heating
Radiation

Question 20

What is the pathway mechanical work!?

Answer 20

A force moving an object through a distance

Question 21

What is the pathway electrical work!?

Answer 21

Charges moving due to a potential difference

Question 22

What is the pathway heating!?

Answer 22

Due to temperature difference caused by electrically or by chemical reaction

Question 23

What is the pathway radiation!?

Answer 23

Energy transferred as a wave
Eg:light,infrared
-the sun emits light radiation and infrared radiation

Question 24

How long can energy stay in the same store for!?

Answer 24

Anything between a fraction of a second to millions of years

Question 25

When do energy transfers take place!?

Answer 25

They occur all the time, whenever a system changes there is a change in the way some or all of the energy is stored

Question 26

What is a system!?

Answer 26

An object or a group of objects

Question 27

Give an example of a system….

Answer 27

A swinging pirate ship ride at a theme park Kinetic energy is transferred into gravitational potential energy

Question 28

Name the 2 different types of diagrams that can be used to show how energy is transferred..

Answer 28

The transfer diagram And The Sankey diagram

Question 29

How do transfer diagrams work!?

Answer 29

In transfer diagrams the boxes show the energy stores and the arrows show the energy transfers.

Question 30

How do Sankey diagrams work!?

Answer 30

Sankey diagrams start off as one arrow that splits into two or more points. This shows how all the energy in a system is transferred into different stores.

Question 31

When are Sankey diagrams really useful!?

Answer 31

Sankey diagrams are really useful when the amount of energy in each of the energy sources is known.

Question 32

What does the width of the arrow on a Sankey diagram show!?

Answer 32

The width of the arrow is drawn to scale to show the amount of energy.

Question 33

What does dissipated mean!?

Answer 33

The spreading out and transfer of energy stores into less useful forms, such as thermal energy causing the surroundings to heat up. Dissipated energy is often referred to as 'wasted' energy, since it is not transferred to a useful output.

Question 34

Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated but what can it not be!?

Answer 34

it cannot be created or destroyed.

Question 35

Where does energy come from!?

Answer 35

In all cases, energy comes from one store and is transferred to another store. This means that all the energy in the universe was present at the Big Bang and will still be around at the very end of time.

Question 36

What is gravitational potential energy store!?

Answer 36

The energy stored by an object lifted up against the force of gravity. Also known as GPE.

Question 37

The higher the thermal conductivity of a material the higher then what!?

Answer 37

The higher the rate of energy transferred by conduction across the material

Question 38

The better the material is at conducting the more what!?

Answer 38

The more energy that is is transferred across it

Question 39

What type of materials do we have to insulate buildings with!?

Answer 39

Materials with LOW thermal conductivity

Question 40

Give an example of a material with a high thermal conductivity….

Answer 40

Copper

Question 41

Why do we build houses with brick,wood and glass!?

Answer 41

To help manage different temperatures.

Question 42

What type of thermal conducts are brick,wood and glass!?

Answer 42

Poor thermal conductors

Question 43

Give an example of a way that the amount of waste energy has been reduced….

Answer 43

An energy efficient light bulb

Question 44

The thicker the material used…..

Answer 44

The less heat that will be conducted through it