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Changing Political Environment Flashcards

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1
Q

who is most likely to vote democrat

A

people of colour

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2
Q

who is more likely to vote republican

A

WASPs

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3
Q

what is normalcy

A

returning to how life was pre world war one

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4
Q

what is isolationism

A

a policy remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups especially the political affairs of other countries

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5
Q

why did Wilson and harding disagree about entering the league of nations

A

because harding said it meant that the US would have to defend another country in effect of a war which went against isolantionsim

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6
Q

how much did unemployment rise after work war 1

A

from 950,000 to 5,010,000

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7
Q

what is a tariff

A

taxes put on goods going in or out of a country

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8
Q

what was the purpose of tariffs after World War One

A

to protect the US trade and industry

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9
Q

economic impacts on America after World War One

A

-drastic rise in unemployment
-tax reduction as taxes were high during the war
-introduction of tariffs
-introduction of radio to promote industry

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10
Q

political impacts on America after World War One

A

-not joining League of Nations
-trade tariffs
-not setting up colonies

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11
Q

what is prohibition and when did it happen

A

banning of making and selling alcohol in the 1920s

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12
Q

why did prohibition happen

A

people believed that alcohol is the root of all evil

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13
Q

what is the American dream

A

there is no limits to your achievement

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14
Q

what is the red scare and when did the first one happen

A

a widespread fear of a potential rise in communism and it happened in the 1920s

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15
Q

why were Americans is scared of communism in the 1920s

A

it went against the American dream and communists seized properties in other countries which scared rich Americans

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16
Q

main things that harding did in his presidency and when was his presidency

A

1921-23
-return to normalcy
-isolationism
-decrease in exports
-decrease in federal government
-decrease in federal tax
-increase in unemployment
-fails to pass anti-lynching bill
-vetos veterans bonus

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17
Q

main things that Coolidge did in his presidency and when it was

A

1923-29
-small government
-decreases national debt
-more tariffs
-tax cuts
-federal aid for natural disasters

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18
Q

main things Hoover did in his presidency and when it was

A

1929-33
-increases tax
-bonus march mishandled
-rugged individualism saw intervention as un-American
-Wall Street crash/ great depression

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19
Q

why did the Wall Street crash lead to Great Depression in the cities

A

-factories produced goods
-not enough people could afford them
-factories couldn’t sell goods
-factories cut wages production and workforce

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20
Q

why did the walk street crash lead to the Great Depression in the countryside

A

-farms overproduced
-prices fell so farmers earn less
-farms grew more to earn more
-prices fell lower
-farmers couldn’t pay debt
-bank took over farms to pay debt

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21
Q

why did the Wall Street crash lead to the Great Depression in downtown New York

A

-share prices plummeted
-banks lost money they had invested in customers
-banks called in outstanding loans
-people lost confidence in banks and took money out of them
-companies went bankrupt and closed which increased unemployement

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22
Q

why did hoover lose the 1932 election

A

-bad reaction to bonus army = loss of popularity
-blamed for the economic crisis
-last year of presidency the government received $2000 million and he spent $5000 million

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23
Q

why did FDR win the 1932 election

A

-proposal of the New Deal
-relief was his ‘social duty’
- anti hoover propaganda

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24
Q

when was FDR president

A

1933-45

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25
what was FDRs character
-great personal wealth but sympathised with less privileged -contracted polio so was paralysed from the waist down
26
what was the new deal trying to achieve
-regulate banking and the stock exchange -resolve overproduction by paying farmers to produce less -large scale relief and public works programmes -revitalise industry and create jobs and provide relief to the unemployed
27
what is the AAA and was it relief recovery or reform
recovery and it was paying farmers subsidies to produce less food to solve the problem of over production to push up prices
28
what is the CWA and was it relief recovery or reform
relief and it was short term jobs over the winter of 33-34 e.g sweeping leaves
29
what is the NRA and was it relief recovery or reform
Recovery/ reform and it created better working conditions which boosted the economy and encouraged trade unions
30
did FDR increase or decrease White House staff
increase
31
did FDR create inflation or deflation
both they cancelled each other out
32
what were FDRs radio broadcast called and what did they do
fireside chats and they explained his policies
33
how many terms was FDR elected
4
34
what did republicans dislike about FDR
how he increased the power of the presidency
35
which two alphabet agencies were ruled unconstitutional and in what year
NRA and AAA 1937
36
how did FDR reassure America that they would remain neutral in ww2
with a fireside chat
37
what did war production do to the us economy
boost it
38
what is the lend-lease act
lending Britain supplies to be returned after the war
39
why did Britain need the lend lease act
because they could not afford to buy anymore goods
40
what was the value of the lend-lease supplies by the end of the war
$51 billion
41
what happened to unemployment during WW2
unemployment dropped
42
trumans presidential style
personality- not charismatic or confident media- thought working with media was important public- didn't appeal to the public congress- worked less well with congress
43
eisenhowers presidential style
personality - optimistic and friendly media- working with media is important but minimised problems public- good public manner and speeches congress- worked well with congress
44
kennedys presidential style
personality- from a political family understood importance of charm media- working with media is important used tv effectively public- good manner, accessible and attractive congress- worked really well with congress
45
Johnsons presidential style
personality- had been in politics a while understood charm media- not a natural but kept them informed public- could give good and bad speeches congress- very good relationship
46
nixons presidential style
personality- clever, capable and suspicious media- distrusted media [Watergate] public- not good with people congress- awkward with congress due to his suspicious nature
47
when was the second red scare
1947-54
48
what is HUAC
house of un-American activities commission
49
what did Elizabeth Bently tell HUAC and what did this catalyse
she had been part of a Moscow led spy ring and named other employees involved trials such as the hiss trial and Rosenberg trials took place and they were both found guilty
50
when did china become communist
1949
51
why was Truman held responsible for the loss of china to communism
because he did not give enough support to Chiang kai-she the leader of the Chinese government against the communist rebels
52
why did Truman not support Chiang kai shek
because he was advised not to as the government was corrupt and the advisors thought the rebels just wanted change in china not worldwide communism
53
what did Joseph McCarthy do
gave an anti communist speech to a republican women's group and claimed he knew 205 communists working in state departments he changed the numbers for 205 to 47 to 81
54
what committee was set up to investigate mcgarthys committee
tidings committee
55
what did the tidings committee find
that the accusation were a muddle of half truths and lies
56
due to the red scare what were the FBI given power to do
investigate people and have the HUAC question them with little evidence tap into phones open letters and bug home and offices
57
what did librarians do in the late 1950s due to the fear of communism
a third of librarians removed books such as the works of Karl Marx to avoid being accused of communist sympathies
58
what were some of the characteristics of a liberal
educated and middle class supported cicil rights and equality and social welfare liberal politicians produced the idea of positive discrimination
59
what is the DNC
democratic national convention
60
when did the DNC meet in Chicago and what happened
1968 they were discussing the war in Vietnam there were anti-war protestors outside and the police used brutality to break the up the next day Donal Peterson a delegate led a 2000 strong march against police brutality
61
what was counter culture
wanting to change society by changing the culture
62
what were one major things hippies would do
wanted lose tight family system believed in peace and sexual freedom and often took mind altering drugs Woodstock festival- August 1969 somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people showed up drugs were easily available and sexual freedom was expected
63
name one of the radical student groups that was set up
SDS - students fro a democratic society in 1960
64
what did radical student groups hope to achieve
SDS rejected all forms of bigitort and violently protested against the war in Vietnam free speech movement used sit ins until the free speech on campus at the uni of California
65
what was the conservative reaction
people who thought counter culture was wrong often older people or students who didn't get to go to uni
66
in 1969 what policies did Nixon campaign on
new right
67
what was the campus crusade for christ and what was it
1967 an evangelical preacher going to unis campaigned to go back to traditional values
68
what was the Marshall plan
early 19503 federal defence administration is set up schools ran duck and cover excersizes 1956 interstate act road network was designed for rapid evacuation of cities
69
what was the arms race
between 1947 -48 the us holdings of atomic bombs rose from 13 to 50 this became a competition both the ussr and us stockpiled atomic weapons
70
was the creator of the army beneficial to the economy
yes it provided jobs and major customers to businesses
71
what was the impacts of the Cold War on the presidency
increase in power of the presidency increase in size of armed forces creation of the CIA which re[orted to the president existence of nuclear weapons
72
whe was the Korean War
1950-53
73
how many us troops were involved in the Korean War
260,000
74
why did Truman hold back with the media
he didn't want to inflame anti communist feelings
75
why was Truman holding back from the media a problem
the media became desperate for news so took information from other sources
76
how did Truman try and gain public support
in august 1950 he began television briefings
77
when was the Vietnam war
1954-75
78
what was one of the most unpopular policies during the Vietnam war and when did it happen
the draft December 1969
79
what did some young men do to their draft cards
burn them in anti war protests this carried a $10,000 fine or five years inprisonment
80
what is the VVAW
Vietnam veterans against the war
81
when was the VVAW march
1967
82
how many members did the VVAW gain
30,000
83
what was the media coverage like during the Vietnam war
media coverage was intense shocking stories were uncovered about the war
84
why did the media help the confidence in the government decline
media increasingly saw their job as uncovering government deception
85
why did scandal help confidence in the government decline
Watergate scandal led to public confidence rapidly decreasing
86
why did the mishandling of events help decline confidence in the government
government mishandling of Vietnam reflected poorly on government
87
why did an increase in the size of the white house cause a decline in the government
people no longer went to the president of congress often decisions were made without consulting the president
88
what was the Marshall plan
aiding war torn countries to prevent the takeover of communist regimes

History (5 decks)

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