Changing UK Lanscapes

Question 1

What are the three rock types?

Answer 1

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

Question 2

How is sedimentary rock formed?

Answer 2

When weathered or eroded rocks and dead sea creatures are transported and deposited in layers.

Question 3

Characteristics of sedimentary

Answer 3

Distinctive layering or bedding
contain fossils

Question 4

Examples of sedimentary

Answer 4

Coal, sandstone, limestone, slitstone

Question 5

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 5

When molten rock (magma) cools
If magma cools slowly underground it forms intrusive rocks - large crystals.
Quickly above ground is extrusive rocks - small crystals

Question 6

Characteristics of igneous

Answer 6

high melting points and low resistance to flow
can either be glassy or coarse
hard to dissolve

Question 7

Examples of igneous

Answer 7

Obsidian, granite, diorite, basalt

Question 8

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Answer 8

When sedimentary or igneous rocks are changed by extreme pressure and/or extreme heat.
Change causes the rocks to change their minerals or crystal structure

Question 9

Characteristics of metamorphic

Answer 9

highly resistant to erosion

Question 10

Examples of metamorphic

Answer 10

slate, marble, quartzite

Question 11

What is upland landscape?

Answer 11

An area of high or hilly land

Question 12

What is lowland landscape?

Answer 12

Area of land that is low in relation to surrounding country.
Near or below sea-level.

Question 13

Define the term relief

Answer 13

Height above sea level

Question 14

How do contour lines describe the landscape?

Answer 14

Lines closer together = area very steep/hilly
Lines further apart = area is flat, no hills or mountains

Question 15

What is a dip slope?

Answer 15

A gentle increase in elevation over a longer distance

Question 16

What is a scarp slope?

Answer 16

A steep, sudden increase in elevation over a shorter distance