CHANNELOPATHIES Flashcards
(36 cards)
Episodic MUSCLE WEAKNESS
⭐ Metabolic MYOPATHIES
⭐ Channelopathies
Acute FLACCID AREFLEXIC WEAKNESS
Causes
- HYPO- Na+
- HYPO-K+ / HYPER-K+
- HYPO-Ca2+ / HYPER-Ca2+
- HYPO-PO4³
Difference between
Hypokalemic Paralysis
and
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
Hypokalemic Paralysis
⭐ acute flaccid AREFLEXIC weakness due to HYPOKALEMIA
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
⭐ Recurrent episodes of Hypokalemic Paralysis where cause is NOT FOUND (that why Hypokalemic occuring regularly)
HYPOKALEMIA ➕ ACIDOSIS
RTA
VIPoma
HYPOKALEMIA ➕ ALKALOSIS ➕ BP- Normal
⭐ Bartter’s
⭐ Gitelman
HYPOKALEMIA ➕ ALKALOSIS ➕ BP ⬆️
⭐ Conn’s
⭐ Liddle’s
⭐ Cushing
Mitochondrial MYOPATHIES
🧠⚡KL²M³NOP² ⚡
K-
Kearns Sayre Syndrome
L-
Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Leigh’s disease
M-
MELAS: Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis and Stroke like episode
MERRF: Myoclonic Epilepsy with Red Ragged Fibers
MMC
N-
NARP
Navajo neurohepatopathy.
O-
Chronic Progressive External Opthalmoplegia
P-
Pure Mitochondrial Myopathy
Pearson Syndrome
Progressive SNHD
Red RAGGED FIBERS
➕
EXERCISE RELATED WEAKNESS
Mitochondrial MYOPATHIES
RED RAGGED FIBERS
Best seen with
Gomori Trichome Stain
⭐ Sub-Sarcolemmal accumulation of abnormal mitochondria stains Red
Ptosis ➕ Opthalmoplegia ⛔ Pharyngeal Involvement
Mitochondrial MYOPATHIES
Slow ONSET PTOSIS and Opthalmoplegia
➕
DIPLOPIA ⛔
CPEO
CPEO ➕ Retinitis Pigmentosa ➕ Heart Block
Kearns Sayre Syndrome
Myoclonus Epilepsy ➕ Muscle Weakness
MERRF
Calcium Channelopathies
🧠⚡My SHELF ⚡
🧠⚡ E2 S6HOM⚡
✨ Maligant Hyperthermia.
✨ Spinocerebellar Ataxia-6
✨ Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
✨ Episodic Ataxia-2
✨ Lambert Eaten Syndrome
✨ Familial Hemiplegic Migraine
Sodium Channelopathy
🧠⚡PNH ⚡
✨ Paramyotonia Congenita
✨ Normokalemic Periodic Paralysis
✨ Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis
Potassium Channelopathies
🧠⚡ DEAN⚡
✨ Deafness (AD)
✨ Episodic Ataxia-1
✨ Anderson-Tawil Syndrome
✨ benign Neonatal Familial Convulsion
Chloride Channelopathies
🧠⚡GMC ⚡
⭐ Generalized Myotonia (Becker)
⭐ Myotonia Congenita (Thompson)
HYPOKALEMIA
➕
YOUNG PATIENT
➕
AFTER HIGH CARBOHYDRATE DIET
➕
Propensity for ARRHYTHMIAS
HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
🧬 MODE OF INHERITENCE 💉 of HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
🧬 MODE OF INHERITENCE 💉 of HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
AD
AD
Presentation of HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
UL WEAKNESS
⬇️
ALL LIMBS INVOLVED
💊💉 MANAGEMENT of HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
Oral Potassium ➕ Acetazolamide
Which CHANNELOPATHY?
⭐ HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
⭐ HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
⭐ HYPOKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
✨ Calcium Channelopathies
⭐ HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
✨ Sodium Channelopathies
CHILD
➕
NORMAL POTASSIUM at PRESENTATION (during ATTACK)
➕
Pure PROXIMAL ➡️ ALL
➕
PRECIPITATION BY ✨Rest✨
HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
MYOTONIA is seen with which Periodic paralysis?
HYPERKALEMIC PERIODIC PARALYSIS
