Chap 1

Question 1

5 Characteristics of Solving Problems

Answer 1

Systematic, Logical, Empirical, Reductive, Replicable

Question 2

Systematic

Answer 2

Identification, Labeling, Research of Testing, evaluation

Question 3

Logical

Answer 3

Examination

Question 4

Empirical

Answer 4

collection of data to base directions

Question 5

reductive

Answer 5

processing events and using them to establish relationships

Question 6

Replicable

Answer 6

repeating research or building research of previous results

Question 7

applied research

Answer 7

theory driven, lab

Question 8

moderate research

Answer 8

theory driven using revelent movements, similar to real world

Question 9

basic research

Answer 9

immediate solutions, real world

Question 10

scientific method of problem solving

Answer 10

defining and delaminating the problem, forming hypothesis, gather data, analyze data, interrupt data

Question 11

unscientific methods of problem solving

Answer 11

tenacity, intuition, authority, rationalistic, empirical

Question 12

tenacity

Answer 12

beliefs regarding lack of supporting evidence

Question 13

intuition

Answer 13

common sense or self evident

Question 14

authority

Answer 14

accept or reject the information

Question 15

rationalistic

Answer 15

reasoining

Question 16

empirical mehtod

Answer 16

based on objective observations

Question 17

Parts of a Thesis

Answer 17

Proposal of research plan, completing thesis

Question 18

proposal of research plan

Answer 18

intro, review, method

Question 19

completing thesis

Answer 19

result

Question 20

kinesiology

Answer 20

study of the bodys movement

Question 21

identifying a research problem

Answer 21

broad focus, reading review paper, read research lit,

Question 22

criteria in selecting a research problem

Answer 22

researchable, interest, unity, worthwhile, feasible, timely, look without prejudice, prepared in tech to address problem

Question 23

six steps in the lit search

Answer 23

write the problem statement, consult secondary sources, determine descriptors, find primary sources, read and record lit, write lit review

Question 24

developing the research hypothesis

Answer 24

research hypothesis, educated guess

Question 25

null hypothesis

Answer 25

no significant differences between groups

Question 26

possible problem with research problem

Answer 26

research problem is identifying area that isn't well understood in lit

Question 27

dependent variable

Answer 27

what we want to know effect

Question 28

independent variable

Answer 28

manipulated by researcher cause

Question 29

extraneous variable, confounding variable

Answer 29

acts as independent variable but it is not

Question 30

what is in a well written method section

Answer 30

someone can duplicate your methods, includes participants, instrument, procedures, design, analysis

Question 31

2 principles of planning

Answer 31

less is more and simple is better

Question 32

scientific misconduct

Answer 32

fabrication, falsification, plagiarism in proposing performing reviewing research or in reporting research results.

Question 33

institutional review board(irb)

Answer 33

reviews studies from human studies, protection

Question 34

animal subject committee(iacuc)

Answer 34

protects animals

Question 35

informed consent document

Answer 35

approval of consent

Question 36

types of statistics

Answer 36

descriptive, correlation, differences among groups

Question 37

descriptive statistics

Answer 37

describing what we see

Question 38

correlation statistics

Answer 38

pearson correlation(r) measures linear association between two variable

Question 39

differences among groups

Answer 39

differences

Question 40

ways to select a sample

Answer 40

random sampling, stratified random sample, systematic sampling, random assignment

Question 41

gold standard to sampling

Answer 41

simple random sample

Question 42

measures of central tendency scores

Answer 42

mean, median, mode

Question 43

variability of central tendency scores

Answer 43

standard deviation, range of scores

Question 44

X bar refers to as

Answer 44

sample mum

Question 45

m refers to as

Answer 45

population mean

Question 46

standard deviation is what letter

Answer 46

s

Question 47

variance is what letter

Answer 47

s^2

Question 48

categories of statistical tests

Answer 48

parametric, nonparametric, normal curve

Question 49

parametric data is continuious

Answer 49

**ratio, interval**

Question 50

non parametric data non continuous

Answer 50

nominal=name, ordinal=order

Question 51

normal curve

Answer 51

skewness, kurtosis

Question 52

ratio parametric data always begins at

Answer 52

0

Question 53

interval parametric data

Answer 53

doesn't always begin at 0

Question 54

skewness distribution is

Answer 54

on one side or the other distribution

Question 55

kurtosis

Answer 55

doesn't seem normal

Question 56

if something is significant it means that

Answer 56

statistically significant = certain within a minimal level of error

Question 57

type one error

Answer 57

(a) probability of mistakenly rejecting the null hypothesis

Question 58

type two error

Answer 58

(b) probability of failing to reject when you should have

Question 59

probability testing

Answer 59

(p) producing a type 1 error

Question 60

if results are greater than .05 than it is concluded that it is

Answer 60

not significant enough

Question 61

if results are less than .05 that it is concluded that it is

Answer 61

significant

Question 62

alpha numerical is what

Answer 62

preset

Question 63

beta numerical is what

Answer 63

not preset

Question 64

correlation is what

Answer 64

relationship between two characteristics

Question 65

if its -1.0 what is it called

Answer 65

perfect negative correlation

Question 66

if its 1.0 what is it called

Answer 66

perfect positive correlation

Question 67

little r =

Answer 67

Pearson product correlation

Question 68

reliability of r is symbolled by what

Answer 68

r

Question 69

interpreting the meaningfulness of r is symbolled by what

Answer 69

r2

Question 70

regression equation is also called what

Answer 70

prediction

Question 71

simple regression is explained as

Answer 71

predicting 1 value from 1 variable y(value)= a +bx(variable)

Question 72

partial correclation

Answer 72

taking a third variable out of the relationship between two variables

Question 73

semipartial correlation

Answer 73

removing the influence of a third variable on only one of the two variables in a relationship.

Question 74

multiple regression

Answer 74

correlating more than one predictor with a continuous criterion variable.

Question 75

types of predictors

Answer 75

forward selection, backward selection, stepwise, hierarchical, maximum r2

Question 76

parametric testing samples (has all with one dependent variable)

Answer 76

independent sample t test, paired sample t test

Question 77

non parametric testing samples

Answer 77

mann whitiney u test, wilcoxisum signed rank test

Question 78

when is a t test aproperatie

Answer 78

when only two things are being compared to each other

Question 79

paired(matched) sample t test is what

Answer 79

testing one condition against another against themselves

Question 80

one-way anoua parimetric

Answer 80

kruskl- wallis anoua

Question 81

two way anoua pariemtric

Answer 81

freidmans awoua

Question 82

manoua

Answer 82

non parametric greater than one dependent variable

Question 83

total variance=

Answer 83

true variance + error variance

Question 84

test of significance=

Answer 84

true variance / error variance

Question 85

test of meaningfulness =

Answer 85

true variance / total variance

Question 86

degree of freedom

Answer 86

extent to which data can vary (n-1)

Question 87

f-test

Answer 87

mean square between groups/ mean square within groups

Question 88

post hoc test

Answer 88

follow up to a significant anova result

Question 89

duncan

Answer 89

most difference

Question 90

scheffe

Answer 90

least difference

Question 91

turkey

Answer 91

honest significant difference

Question 92

significance difference =

Answer 92

less than .05

Question 93

after significant anouva result what do you do

Answer 93

post talk

Question 94

why dont we do serial t testing

Answer 94

because there will be too much of error (inflated type one error)

Question 95

chi square test is what kind of test

Answer 95

non parametric test

Question 96

why do we square things in stats

Answer 96

to remove the negative

Question 97

regression equations do what

Answer 97

prediction

Question 98

stepwise regression

Answer 98

to determine if things are good predictors adding things to the data

Question 99

logical validity

Answer 99

does it appear to be valid on the surface level, logical subject has to believe it is logical

Question 100

content validity

Answer 100

does the study have the right content and all the right information included in the test.

Question 101

criterion validity

Answer 101

dependent variable, the thing of interest. how valid is the thing your measuring

Question 102

construct validity

Answer 102

was the test constructed correctly

Question 103

sources of measurement error

Answer 103

tester, calibration, subject, test design, random error

Question 104

reliable measure is considered

Answer 104

constant and stable

Question 105

interclass is symbolized by

Answer 105

r compared one test with repeated process within

Question 106

intraclass is symbolized by

Answer 106

R between compared trial to trial with more in def analysis

Question 107

true error variance is

Answer 107

subject to subject