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CA 1 > CHAP 1 > Flashcards

CHAP 1 Flashcards

1
Q

-is where the convicted person is going to serve their sentence inside the institution (jail, prison and colonies)

A

INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

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2
Q

-is where the convicted person is going to serve their sentence outside the institution

A

NON- INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

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3
Q

☆ a.k.a “Community based treatment”

A

NON- INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

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4
Q

This was by the virtue of the Commission on Higher Education/ CHED Memorandum Order No. 21, Series 5

A

NON- INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

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5
Q

-refers to the system used by government to maintain social control, prevents crime, enforce the laws and administer justice

A

CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (CJS)

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6
Q

5 PILLARS OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

A
  1. LAW ENFORCEMENT
  2. PROSECUTION
  3. COURT
  4. CORRECTION
  5. COMMUNITY
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7
Q

consist mainly of the personnel or officers of the PNP, NBI, PDEA, Anti-money laundering council, AFP and other related agencies

A

LAW ENFORCEMENT

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8
Q

a.k.a “Core front, Initiator, Frontline defender, Prime mover”

A

LAW ENFORCEMENT

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9
Q

☆ proceeding or inquiry that determine whether there is a sufficient ground to endanger a well-founded belief that a crime has been committed and the respondent is guilty thereof and should be held for trial

A

PROSECUTION

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10
Q

☆ composed of the city, provincial, regional state prosecutors and they are the prosecutors of the Ombudsman

A

PROSECUTION

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11
Q

☆ their principle task is the investigation of criminal complaint or complaints emanating the community and the law enforcement agencies

A

PROSECUTION

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12
Q

☆ they conduct Preliminary Investigation of cases filed in the Prosecutor’s Office to determine the existence of the probable cause

A

PROSECUTION

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13
Q

Quantum of evidence required to conduct Preliminary Investigation is

A

Probable Cause

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14
Q

reasonable ground of presumption that a matter or well-founded such as the state of facts in the mind of the Prosecutor as would lead to a person of an ordinary caution and prudence to believe of entertain an honest or strong suspicion

A

PROBABLE CAUSE

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15
Q

Prosecutors or Fiscals are the evaluator of the Police findings, they are called as the

A

Lawyers of the State

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16
Q

☆ they adjudicate cases and render judgment

A

COURT

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17
Q

☆ its goal is not just to adjudicate cases but rather to do so in accordance with the rule of law and without sacrificing the quality of justice

A

COURT

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18
Q

☆ a.k.a. “Corner stone, Arbiter of Justice, Center piece, Dispense of Justice”

A

COURT

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19
Q

☆classified into two: Institutional and Non-institutional Corrections

A

CORRECTION

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20
Q

❀ this is influence by the Positivist Theory therefore their goal is to rehabilitate and reform offenders and the cornerstone is education, that is intended to correct or educate the offender

A

CORRECTION

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21
Q

☆ it is not limited to persons only, includes the home, church, family, government and community

A

COMMUNITY

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22
Q

☆ a.k.a “Core and Base pillar of CJS”

A

COMMUNITY

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23
Q

☆ where the convicted offenders will be reintegrated after passing through the correction component as by rendering the full service of the term of imprisonment imposed on them, they will go back to the community either they will live as a normal citizen or law-abiding citizens

A

COMMUNITY

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24
Q
  • A pillar of Criminal Justice System, as also as a process, as the fourth pillar of the components of our criminal justice system that are concern with the custody, provision and are in charge with reforming and rehabilitating offenders.
A

CORRECTION

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25
Q
  • It is also known as the weakest pillar among the pillars of criminal justice system because of its failure to reform and rehabilitate offenders.
A

CORRECTION

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26
Q

of Criminal Justice System concerned with the custody, supervision and rehabilitation of criminal offenders

A

CORRECTION AS A PILLAR

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27
Q

☆ it is considers as the “WEAKEST PILLAR” bc of it’s failure to reform and rehabilitate offenders, this is due to the assumption na ang correctional institution na they cannot rehabilitate an offenders which is manifested to the increase of criminality and recidivism

A

CORRECTION

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28
Q

-refers to the reorientation of the criminal offender to prevent him or her from repeating his deviant or delinquent actions without the necessity of taking punitive actions but rather the introduction of individual measures of reformation

A

CORRECTION AS A PROCESS

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29
Q

THEORIES IN CORRECTION

A
  1. CLASSICAL THEORY
  2. NEO-CLASSICAL THEORY
  3. POSITIVIST THEORY
  4. ECLECTIC THEORY
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30
Q

☆ states that men have the absolute free will to choose between good and evil, so they are liable for the consequences of their acts.

A

CLASSICAL THEORY

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31
Q

☆ a.k.a “Freewill theory” that was advocated by Cesare Beccaria

A

CLASSICAL THEORY

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32
Q

believe that people have intelligence, they have their rational mind to differentiate what is right from wrong, therefore, they assumed that people have freewill to choose between right or wrong

A

CLASSICAL THEORY

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33
Q

☆ if a person committed a crime, she is responsible for the consequences, regardless of the circumstances she will get from the actions whether she is a child, old, or insane, you are liable to your actions

A

CLASSICAL THEORY

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34
Q

– Father of Classical Theory

A

CESARE BECCARIA

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35
Q
  • Father of Modern Criminology and important person
A

CESARE LOMBROSO

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36
Q
  • ability of individual to make decisions freely
A

Freewill

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37
Q

If the amount of pain is higher than the amount of pleasure, they will not commit crimes. If the amount of pleasure is higher than the amount of pain, they will commit crimes. Their future actions depends on the

A

RATIONAL CALCULATOR

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38
Q

they use punishment to deter people from committing crime, the purpose of punishment is RETRIBUTION

A

CLASSICAL THEORY

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39
Q

(act of vengeance or revenge)

A

RETRIBUTION

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40
Q

ARGUMENTS IN CLASSICAL THEORY

A
  1. UNFAIR
  2. UNJUST
  3. THE NATURE AND DEFINITIONS OF PUNISHMENT IS NOT INDIVIDUALIZED
  4. IT FOCUS ON THE CRIME ITSELF, NOT ON THE CRIMINAL
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41
Q

new

A

NEO

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42
Q

☆ states that since insane and minors do not know the consequences of their acts, they must not be liable for the crimes they may committed.

A

NEO-CLASSICAL THEORY

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43
Q

☆ they believe that there are factors or situations which might affect a persons freewill (pathology, insanity, incompetence, and other conditions) instead of punishing them, they should be exempted or mitigated

A

NEO-CLASSICAL THEORY

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44
Q

this system recognized that children cannot exercised their freewill entirely. Children have limited experiences, their capacities are continuously evolving. They cannot differentiate right and wrong.

A

Juvenile Justice System

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45
Q

☆ states that criminals shall be treated like patients in the hospitals, instead of punishing them.

A

POSITIVIST THEORY

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46
Q

☆ a.k.a “Italian Theory” bc it composes Italian makers who is Cesare Lombroso

A

POSITIVIST THEORY

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46
Q

☆ they believe that criminals should be rehabilitated and reform instead of punishing them

☆ the purpose of their punishment is Reformation/ Rehabilitate

A

POSITIVIST THEORY

47
Q
  • he believe that it is the nurture of the person, not the nature
A

ENRICO FERRI

48
Q
  • he believe that if you are lacking probity (dishonesty) and pity (walang awa), you will commit crime
A

RAFFAELLE/ RAFFAELE GAROFALO

49
Q
  • the combination of beneficial aspects classical, neo-classical and positivist theories.
A

ECLECTIC THEORY

50
Q

☆ a.k.a “Mixed Theory”

A

ECLECTIC THEORY

51
Q

The Revised Penal Code of the Philippines is governed by

A

Eclectic/Mixed Theory

52
Q

-It is a term derived from the Latin word “POENA” which means pain or suffering

A

PENOLOGY

53
Q

-is a division of Criminology and focuses the study of punishment for crime and or of criminal offenders

A

PENOLOGY

54
Q

☆ influenced by the Classical theory, their purpose is Retribution (act of vengeance/ revenge), the cornerstone is Discipline

A

PENOLOGY

55
Q
  • Otherwise known as the “Penal Science”
A

PENOLOGY

56
Q
  • it is the infliction of some sort of pain on the offender for violating the law
A

PUNISHMENT

57
Q

-a means of social control

A

PUNISHMENT

58
Q
  • the study of the management of prisons, reformatories and any other confinements units.
A

PENAL SCIENCE

59
Q

-The study and practice of a system management of jails or prisons and other institutions concerned with the custody, treatment, and rehabilitation of criminals, or detainees.

A

CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION

60
Q
  • persons convicted by final judgment
A

Criminals

61
Q

– are those persons undergoing investigation, awaiting or undergoing trial or those who are awaiting for final judgement.

A

Detainees

62
Q

-refers to the manner or practice of managing or controlling places of confinement.

A

PENAL MANAGEMENT

63
Q

ANCIENT FORMS OF PUNISHMENT

A
  1. DEATH PENALTY
  2. Physical Torture
  3. SOCIAL DEGRADATION
  4. BANISHMENT
64
Q
  • whereby a person will be punished to death effected by burning, boiling in oil, breaking at the wheel, death by flaying and death by beheading
A

DEATH PENALTY

65
Q

prevalent during the 17th and 18th century, it is the Capital Punishment

A

DEATH PENALTY

66
Q
  • Filipino that was sentenced to Death Penalty by the Firing squad
A

DR. JOSE RIZAL

66
Q
  • Filipino that was sentenced to Death Penalty by little injection
A

LEO ECHEGARAY

67
Q
  • a.k.a “decapitation”
A

DEATH BY BEHEADING

68
Q
  • the total separation of the head from the body of a person wherein the ancient Greeks and romans regarded it as the honorable form death.
A

DEATH BY BEHEADING

69
Q
  • a.k.a “skinny”
A

DEATH BY FLAYING

69
Q
  • a method of torture whereby the skin of the victim is gradually removed from then body in a precise fashion so if the individuals survives the initial shocks and avoid critical loss of blood during torture then they will likely die this later due to infection.
A

DEATH BY FLAYING

70
Q

☆ The most common physical punishment through the ages

A

FLOGGING OR WHIPPING

70
Q
  • Used in ancient medieval societies archeological evidence shows that Pharoa’s as the ruler of the Ancient Egypt or the representative they often ordered
A

MUTILATION

71
Q
  • rendering physical pain into a person who committed an act in violation of the existing laws which as effected by mutilation, whipping, and other barbaric forms of inflicting pain.
A

Physical Torture

72
Q

☆ a.k.a “Corporal Punishment”

A

Physical Torture

72
Q

-it is common in England during the middle ages as justice for a wide variety of crimes wherein the women flogged in private while men were ripped publicly

A

FLOGGING OR WHIPPING

73
Q

☆ it is according to the law of retaliation or the cutting off or causing injury to a body part of a person so that a body of that person is permanently damaged, detached or disfigure

A

MUTILATION

74
Q

☆ Iran and Saudi Arabia are using this type of punishment

A

MUTILATION

75
Q
  • the purpose of this was to put the offender into shame or humiliation.
A

SOCIAL DEGRADATION

76
Q
  • A prisoner in a standing position with the head and hands locked in place both devices exposed the prisoner to public scorn and one confined in place prisoners were frequently felted with eggs and rotten fruit foods,
A

PILLORY

77
Q

-in England they abolish Pillory in

A

1834

78
Q

-this is a form of punishment whereby the offender was sent or put away from the place of the commission of the act which was carried out by a prohibition of coming into a specified territory.

A

BANISHMENT

79
Q
  • It is also known as exile
A

BANISHMENT

80
Q

CONTEMPORARY FORMS OF PUNISHMENT

A
  1. IMPRISONMENT
  2. PROBATION
  3. PAROLE
  4. FINE
  5. DESTIERRO
81
Q
  • putting offenders in a prison for the purpose of protecting the public
A

IMPRISONMENT

82
Q
  • a disposition whereby the defendant after conviction of an offense is released subjects to the conditions imposed by court and under the supervision of probation officer
A

PROBATION

83
Q

when your application is granted in probation, you will be released to community instead in prison but there are

A

mandatory and discretionary conditions

84
Q

Probation Law

A

Presidential Decree 968

85
Q

grants the Probation

A

Court

86
Q

person applying for probation

A

PROBATIONER

87
Q

officer in probation

A

PROBATION OFFICER

88
Q

-it is the suspension of sentence of a convict after having served the minimum of the sentence imposed without granting pardon, prescribing the terms of suspension

A

PAROLE

88
Q

who grants Parole

A

Board of Pardon and Parole

89
Q

– the penalty of banishing a person from the place where he committed a crime prohibiting him to get near or enter within the 25-kilometer radius

A

DESTIERRO

89
Q

an amount given as compensation for a criminal act

A

FINE

90
Q

JUSTIFICATIONS OF PUNISHMENT

A
  • RETRIBUTION
  • EXPIATION OR ATONEMENT
  • DETERRENCE
  • PROTECTION/ INCAPACITATION
  • REFORMATION/ REHABILITATION
91
Q
  • punishment of an offender was carried out in the forms of personal vengeance
A

RETRIBUTION

92
Q
  • it is where punishment is exacted publicly for the purpose of appeasing the social group.
A

EXPIATION OR ATONEMENT

93
Q

-to prevent someone to do something; to discourage someone by the use of punishment

A

DETERRENCE

93
Q

-This was form of group vengeance as group distinguished from contribution where in the punishment is accepted publicly or the purpose of officing the social group so it is an offense committed by a member against the other member of the same clan or group arose that the condemnation of the whole group against offending member so the group would therefore demand the offender to be punished.

A

EXPIATION OR ATONEMENT

93
Q
  • It is commonly believed that punishment gives a lesson to the offender; that it shows other what will happen if they violate the law;
A

DETERRENCE

94
Q

☆ it is commonly believe that punishment give lesson to the offender that it shows other what would happen if they violate the law so punishment is imposed upon a person who has committed a crime that the pain inflicted will dissuade the offender or the specific defense in to the other persons or the general deterrence from committing crimes.

A

DETERRENCE

95
Q

☆ punishment given to the offender, showing what would happen if they violate the law. The pain he will receive will be a lesson to not commit crime again.

☆ create fear to the criminals

A

SPECIFIC DETERRENCE

95
Q
  • to deter a person or the community from committing a crime; discouraging public to commit a crime due to the punishment they will get
    ☆ to create fear to the society
A

GENERAL DETERRENCE

96
Q
  • by placing offenders in prison society that is protected from the further criminal and depredation of criminals.
A

PROTECTION/ INCAPACITATION

97
Q
  • people believe that by putting or placing the offender in prison society is protected from his further criminal depredation
A

PROTECTION/ INCAPACITATION

98
Q

☆ the accused and dangerous criminals are made to serve long terms of imprisonment to protect the public from harm or dangerous behavior.

A

PROTECTION/ INCAPACITATION

99
Q
  • society’s interest can be best served by helping the prisoner requiring him to undergo an intensive program of rehabilitation.
A

REFORMATION/ REHABILITATION

100
Q
  • person has been arrested for the commission of a crime and he is in the Law Enforcement Stage
A

SUSPECT

101
Q
  • combination of the related elements that functioning as a whole
A

SYSTEM

102
Q
  • Prosecution Stage
A

RESPONDENT

103
Q
  • in the Court
A

ACCUSED

104
Q
  • in the Correction Stage
A

CRIMINAL/ CONVICT

105
Q
  • when he goes back to the community
A

EX-CONVICT

106
Q

HOLY THREE IN CRIMINOLOGY

A

CESARE LOMBROSO
RAFFAELLE/ RAFFAELE GAROFALO
ENRICO FERRI

CA 1 (3 decks)

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