Chap 10 Analgesic Drugs

Question 1

Acute Pain

Answer 1

Sudden Onset, usually subsides once treated

Question 2

NSAIDs

Answer 2

used for neuropathic pain

Ex: Gabapentin

Question 3

Gabapentin

Answer 3

Nsaid
used for neuropathic pain

Question 4

Receptors

Answer 4

Mu Receptor responsible for respiratory depression in opioid fxn

Question 5

Opioid Analgesics: 
Contraindications

Answer 5

Respiratory insufficiency
Elevated intracranial pressure
Morbid obesity or sleep apnea
Paralytic ileus
Pregnancy

Question 6

Opioid Analgesics: 
Adverse Effects

Answer 6

Leads to respiratory depression
Most serious adverse effect
constipation

Question 7

Opioid Tolerance

Answer 7

larger dose is required to maintain the same level of analgesia

Question 8

Opioid Analgesics: Toxicity and Management of Overdose

Answer 8

Naloxone (Narcan)

Question 9

Opioid withdrawal or opioid abstinence syndrome

Answer 9

Anxiety, chills,irritability, diaphoresis, abdominal cramps, diarrhea

Question 10

Opioid Analgesics: Interactions

Answer 10

Alcohol
Antihistamines
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Question 11

Morphine Sulfate

Answer 11

Naturally occurring alkaloid derived from the opium poppy
Schedule II controlled substance
Oral, injectable, and rectal dosage forms; also extended-release forms

Question 12

Fentanyl

Answer 12

Synthetic opioid (Schedule II) used to treat moderate to severe pain
Parenteral injections, transdermal patches (Duragesic), buccal lozenges (Fentora), and buccal lozenges on a stick (Actiq)
dose of 0.1 mg intravenously is roughly equivalent to 10 mg of morphine intravenously.

Question 13

Methadone Hydrochloride (Dolophine)

Answer 13

Synthetic opioid analgesic (Schedule II)
detoxification treatment of opioid addicts
Prolonged half-life of the drug: cause of unintentional overdoses and deaths

Question 14

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan)

Answer 14

Pure opioid antagonist

reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression

Question 15

Naltrexone

Answer 15

Used for alcohol and opioid addiction

Question 16

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and Contraindications/Interactions

Answer 16

Analgesic and antipyretic effects
Little to no anti-inflammatory effects
Available OTC
Blocks pain impulses peripherally by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
Max daily dose for adults is 3000 mg/day.

Liver dysfunction
Possible Liver failure
Dangerous if taken w/ alcohol or hepatotoxic drugs
Nephropathy (Nephrotoxic)
antidote: acetylcysteine regimen

Question 17

Lidocaine, transdermal

Answer 17

Topical anesthetic
Indications: postherpetic neuralgia
Left in place no longer than 12 hours

Question 18

Analgesics:
Nursing Implications

Answer 18

Be sure to medicate patients before the pain becomes severe so as to provide adequate analgesia and pain control. (TIMING)

Question 19

Opioid Analgesics:
Nursing Implications

Answer 19

Withhold dose/contact physician if decline patient’s condition/vital signs abnormal, especially if respiratory rate is less than 10 to 12 breaths/min.

Constipation common adverse effect/ may be prevented with adequate fluid and 
fiber intake.

should instruct change positions slowly prevent possible orthostatic hypotension

Monitor for therapeutic effects
Decreased complaints of pain
Improved activities of daily living, appetite, and sense of well-being
Decreased fever (acetaminophen)